Document Detail


CD8-mediated inflammatory central nervous system disorders.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22547102     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorders, CD8+ T cells have been reported to exert cytotoxic as well as regulatory functions. In virus-induced (meningo) encephalitis, they are essential for viral clearance, but can also cause severe immunopathology. This review aims to summarize the multifaceted roles CD8+ T cells can play in inflammatory CNS disorders.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent evidence for a role of CD8+ T cells in multiple sclerosis comes from genetic association studies confirming a protective effect of the HLA-A0201 allele. Besides their dominance in white matter lesions, CD8+ T cells contribute to immune infiltrates in cortical demyelinating lesions. Having infiltrated the CNS, CD8+ T cells migrate along an inflammation-induced fibrous network. Although CD8+ T cells are generally considered to be crucial for acute viral clearance, they can also induce autoimmune-like immunopathology by, for example, encountering a virus in adulthood while being at the same time latently infected by a related virus. Inadequate control of latent viruses under immunosuppressive treatments or immunodeficiencies is becoming increasingly important in neurology clinical work.
SUMMARY: Future research should aim at identifying the specificity and functional phenotype of brain-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in autoimmune diseases and viral immunopathology in order to develop therapeutic strategies specifically targeting CNS-relevant immune reactions.
Authors:
Anne Willing; Manuel A Friese
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in neurology     Volume:  25     ISSN:  1473-6551     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr. Opin. Neurol.     Publication Date:  2012 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-05-01     Completed Date:  2012-08-31     Revised Date:  2013-01-18    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9319162     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Neurol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  316-21     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Klinische MS-Forschung, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried, Hamburg, Germany.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / immunology*
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / physiology*
Cell Differentiation
Cell Movement
Central Nervous System Diseases / complications,  immunology*,  pathology,  virology
Humans

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