| Buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone diversion, misuse, and illicit use: an international review. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21466501 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The diversion, misuse, and non-medically supervised use of buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone by opioid users are reviewed. Buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone are used globally as opioid analgesics and in the treatment of opioid dependency. Diversion of buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone represents a complex medical and social issue, and has been widely documented in various geographical regions throughout the world. We first discuss the clinical properties of buprenorphine and its abuse potential. Second, we discuss its diversion and illicit use on an international level, as well as motivations for those activities. Third, we examine the medical risks and benefits of buprenorphine's non-medically supervised use and misuse. These risks and benefits include the effect of buprenorphine's use on HIV risk and the risk of its concomitant use with other medications and drugs of abuse. Finally, we discuss the implications of diversion, misuse, and non-medically supervised use (including potential measures to address issues of diversion); and potential areas for further research. |
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Authors:
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Michael A Yokell; Nickolas D Zaller; Traci C Green; Josiah D Rich |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current drug abuse reviews Volume: 4 ISSN: 1874-4745 ISO Abbreviation: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Publication Date: 2011 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-04-11 Completed Date: 2011-07-25 Revised Date: 2012-05-07 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101468123 Medline TA: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Country: United Arab Emirates |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 28-41 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Infectious Diseases, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Buprenorphine
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adverse effects*,
therapeutic use HIV Infections / epidemiology, transmission Humans Motivation Naloxone / adverse effects*, therapeutic use Narcotic Antagonists / adverse effects*, therapeutic use Narcotics / adverse effects* Opioid-Related Disorders / economics, epidemiology, psychology Overdose Risk-Taking Street Drugs* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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K24 DA022112-01A2/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; K24DA022112/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; P30-AI-42853/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; P30DA013868/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; R21CE001846-01/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Narcotic Antagonists; 0/Narcotics; 0/Street Drugs; 465-65-6/Naloxone; 52485-79-7/Buprenorphine |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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