Document Detail


Bridging the gene-behavior divide through neuroimaging deletion syndromes: Velocardiofacial (22q11.2 Deletion) and Williams (7q11.23 Deletion) syndromes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20206275     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Investigating the relationship between genes and the neural substrates of complex human behavior promises to provide essential insight into the pathophysiology of mental disorders. One approach to this inquiry is through neuroimaging of individuals with microdeletion syndromes that manifest in specific neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Both Velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) and Williams syndrome (WS) involve haploinsufficiency of a relatively small set of identified genes on the one hand and association with distinct, clinically relevant behavioral and cognitive profiles on the other hand. In VCFS, there is a deletion in chromosomal region 22q11.2 and a resultant predilection toward psychosis, poor arithmetic proficiency, and low performance intelligence quotients. In WS, there is a deletion in chromosomal region 7q11.23 and a resultant predilection toward hypersociability, non-social anxiety, impaired visuospatial construction, and often intellectual impairment. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies have begun not only to map these well-defined genetic alterations to systems-level brain abnormalities, but also to identify relationships between neural phenotypes and particular genes within the critical deletion regions. Though neuroimaging of both VCFS and WS presents specific, formidable methodological challenges, including comparison subject selection and accounting for neuroanatomical and vascular anomalies in patients, and many questions remain, the literature to date on these syndromes, reviewed herein, constitutes a fruitful "bottom-up" approach to defining gene-brain relationships.
Authors:
Daniel Paul Eisenberg; Mbemba Jabbi; Karen Faith Berman
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Review     Date:  2010-03-03
Journal Detail:
Title:  NeuroImage     Volume:  53     ISSN:  1095-9572     ISO Abbreviation:  Neuroimage     Publication Date:  2010 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-09-06     Completed Date:  2011-01-03     Revised Date:  2011-11-21    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9215515     Medline TA:  Neuroimage     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  857-69     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Published by Elsevier Inc.
Affiliation:
Section on Integrative Neuroimaging, Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Genes, Cognition and Psychosis Program National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Intramural Research Program, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892-1365, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Brain / physiopathology*
Brain Mapping / methods
DiGeorge Syndrome / genetics*,  physiopathology*
Diagnostic Imaging / methods*
Genotype
Humans
Phenotype
Williams Syndrome / genetics*,  physiopathology*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
ZIA MH002863-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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