| Brain stem oxidative stress and its associated signaling in the regulation of sympathetic vasomotor tone. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22837172 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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There is now compelling evidence from studies in humans and aniamls that overexcitation of the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the pathogeneis of cardiovascular diseases; an excellent example is neurogenic hypertension. In neurogenic hypertension, central sympathetic overactivation is involved in the development, staging, and progression of the disease, and one of the underlying mechanisms involves oxidative stress in key brain stem sites that are engaged in the regulation of sympathetic vasomotor tone. Using rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) as two illustrative brain stem neural substrates, this article provides an overview on the impact of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in RVLM and NTS in the pathogenesis of neurogenic hypertension. This will be followed by the redox-sensitive signaling pathways, including several kinases, ion channels and transcription factors that underpin the augmentation in sympathetic vasomotor tone. In addition, the emerging view that brain stem oxidative stress is also causally related to a reduction in sympathetic vasomotor tone and hypotension during brain stem death, methamphetamine intoxication and temporal lobe status epilepticus will be presented, along with the causal contribution of the oxidant peroxynitrite formed by a reaction between nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II)-derived nitric oxide and superoxide. It is discussed that one reasonable future research direction is dissection of the cellular mechanisms and signaling cascades that may underlie the contributory role of NO generated by different NOS isoforms in the differential effects of oxidative stress in RVLM or NTS on sympathetic vasomotor tone. |
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Authors:
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Samuel H H Chan; Julie Yh Chan |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-7-26 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) Volume: - ISSN: 1522-1601 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-7-27 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8502536 Medline TA: J Appl Physiol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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1Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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