| Brain monoamines, exercise, and behavioral stress: animal models. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9000157 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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This paper summarizes our studies examining whether changes in levels of brain monoamines after chronic exercise are associated with altered behavioral and endocrine responses to stressors other than exercise. The focus is on using animal models relevant for understanding reports by humans that regular physical activity reduces depression and anxiety. We studied the effects of chronic activity wheel running or treadmill exercise training on levels of norepinephrine (NE) measured in brain cell bodies and terminal regions at rest and after behavioral stress. We also measured brain levels of serotonin, i.e., 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which function as both antagonists and synergists with NE. In general, we found that chronic activity wheel running increased NE levels in the pons medulla at rest and protected against NE depletion in locus coeruleus cell bodies after footshock; the concomitant reduction in escape-latency was consistent with an antidepressant effect. Wheel running also decreased the density of GABAA receptors in the corpus striatum while increasing open-field locomotion, consistent with an anxiolytic effect, but had no effect on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortical response to footshock measured by plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone, and prolactin. In contrast, treadmill exercise training increased the metabolism of NE in brain ascending terminal areas for NE, increased the secretion of ACTH after footshock and immobilization stress and had no effect on GABAA receptor density or open field locomotion. The validity of animal models for studying depression and anxiety after forced versus voluntary exercise is discussed. Recommendations are offered for improving the methods used in this area of research. |
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Authors:
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R K Dishman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Medicine and science in sports and exercise Volume: 29 ISSN: 0195-9131 ISO Abbreviation: Med Sci Sports Exerc Publication Date: 1997 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1997-03-12 Completed Date: 1997-03-12 Revised Date: 2005-11-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8005433 Medline TA: Med Sci Sports Exerc Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 63-74 Citation Subset: IM; S |
Affiliation:
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Department of Exercise Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3654, USA. rdishman@uga.cc.uga.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anxiety / metabolism Biogenic Monoamines / metabolism* Brain / metabolism* Depression / metabolism Disease Models, Animal Models, Biological Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology* Stress, Psychological / metabolism* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Biogenic Monoamines |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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