| Brain fuel metabolism, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21035308 Owner: NLM Status: In-Process |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Lower brain glucose metabolism is present before the onset of clinically measurable cognitive decline in two groups of people at risk of Alzheimer's disease--carriers of apolipoprotein E4, and in those with a maternal family history of AD. Supported by emerging evidence from in vitro and animal studies, these reports suggest that brain hypometabolism may precede and therefore contribute to the neuropathologic cascade leading to cognitive decline in AD. The reason brain hypometabolism develops is unclear but may include defects in brain glucose transport, disrupted glycolysis, and/or impaired mitochondrial function. Methodologic issues presently preclude knowing with certainty whether or not aging in the absence of cognitive impairment is necessarily associated with lower brain glucose metabolism. Nevertheless, aging appears to increase the risk of deteriorating systemic control of glucose utilization, which, in turn, may increase the risk of declining brain glucose uptake, at least in some brain regions. A contributing role of deteriorating glucose availability to or metabolism by the brain in AD does not exclude the opposite effect, i.e., that neurodegenerative processes in AD further decrease brain glucose metabolism because of reduced synaptic functionality and hence reduced energy needs, thereby completing a vicious cycle. Strategies to reduce the risk of AD by breaking this cycle should aim to (1) improve insulin sensitivity by improving systemic glucose utilization, or (2) bypass deteriorating brain glucose metabolism using approaches that safely induce mild, sustainable ketonemia. |
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Authors:
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Stephen Cunnane; Scott Nugent; Maggie Roy; Alexandre Courchesne-Loyer; Etienne Croteau; Sébastien Tremblay; Alex Castellano; Fabien Pifferi; Christian Bocti; Nancy Paquet; Hadi Begdouri; M'hamed Bentourkia; Eric Turcotte; Michèle Allard; Pascale Barberger-Gateau; Tamas Fulop; Stanley I Rapoport |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-10-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Volume: 27 ISSN: 1873-1244 ISO Abbreviation: Nutrition Publication Date: 2011 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-12-14 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8802712 Medline TA: Nutrition Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3-20 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Research Center on Aging, Health and Social Services Center-Sherbrooke University Geriatrics Institute, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada. stephen.cunnane@usherbrooke.ca |
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ID/Acronym/Agency:
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//Canadian Institutes of Health Research |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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