Document Detail


Brain glucose sensors play a significant role in the regulation of pancreatic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22210318     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
As patients decline from health to type 2 diabetes, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) typically becomes impaired. Although GSIS is driven predominantly by direct sensing of a rise in blood glucose by pancreatic β-cells, there is growing evidence that hypothalamic neurons control other aspects of peripheral glucose metabolism. Here we investigated the role of the brain in the modulation of GSIS. To examine the effects of increasing or decreasing hypothalamic glucose sensing on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion, glucose or inhibitors of glucokinase, respectively, were infused into the third ventricle during intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs). Glucose-infused rats displayed improved glucose handling, particularly within the first few minutes of the IVGTT, with a significantly lower area under the excursion curve within the first 10 min (AUC0-10). This was explained by increased insulin secretion. In contrast, infusion of the glucokinase inhibitors glucosamine or mannoheptulose worsened glucose tolerance and decreased GSIS in the first few minutes of IVGTT. Our data suggest a role for brain glucose sensors in the regulation of GSIS, particularly during the early phase. We propose that pharmacological agents targeting hypothalamic glucose-sensing pathways may represent novel therapeutic strategies for enhancing early phase insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes.
Authors:
Mayowa A Osundiji; Daniel D Lam; Jill Shaw; Chen-Yu Yueh; S Pauliina Markkula; Paul Hurst; Carolina Colliva; Aldo Roda; Lora K Heisler; Mark L Evans
Related Documents :
22262078 - Glp-1, the gut-brain, and brain-periphery axes.
21412498 - Neuroprotective action of ginkgo biloba on the enteric nervous system of diabetic rats.
22178988 - Similar pattern of peripheral neuropathy in mouse models of type 1 diabetes and alzheim...
1001848 - Biological properties of chemically modified insulins. i. biological activity of proins...
329438 - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and serum growth hormone in insulin-dependent dia...
21955108 - Spontaneous labor curves in women with pregnancies complicated by diabetes.
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2011-12-30
Journal Detail:
Title:  Diabetes     Volume:  61     ISSN:  1939-327X     ISO Abbreviation:  Diabetes     Publication Date:  2012 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-01-25     Completed Date:  2012-03-13     Revised Date:  2012-04-02    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372763     Medline TA:  Diabetes     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  321-8     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, and National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Glucokinase / physiology
Glucose / metabolism*,  pharmacology
Glucose Tolerance Test
Hypothalamus / drug effects,  physiology*
Injections, Intraventricular
Insulin / secretion*
Male
Mannoheptulose / pharmacology
Pancreas / secretion*
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
081713//Wellcome Trust; DK065171/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; WT081713//Wellcome Trust; //Medical Research Council
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Insulin; 50-99-7/Glucose; 654-29-5/Mannoheptulose; EC 2.7.1.2/Glucokinase
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:
Diabetes. 2012 Mar;61(3):564-5   [PMID:  22354931 ]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Regulated and Reversible Induction of Adult Human ?-Cell Replication.
Next Document:  Expression and Regulation of Chemokines in Murine and Human Type 1 Diabetes.