Document Detail


Blood lead level and kidney function in US adolescents: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20065202     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Chronic, high-level lead exposure is a known risk factor for kidney disease. The effect of current low-level environmental lead exposure is less well known, particularly among children, a population generally free from kidney disease risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the association between lead exposure and kidney function in a representative sample of US adolescents.
METHODS: Participants included 769 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years for whom whole blood lead and serum cystatin C were measured in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted from 1988-1994. The association between blood lead level and level of kidney function (glomerular filtration rate [GFR]), determined by cystatin C-based and creatinine-based estimating equations, was examined.
RESULTS: Median whole blood lead level was 1.5 microg/dL (to convert to micromoles per liter, multiply by 0.0483), and median cystatin C-estimated GFR was 112.9 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Participants with lead levels in the highest quartile (> or =3.0 microg/dL) had 6.6 mL/min/1.73 m(2)-lower estimated GFR (95% confidence interval, -0.7 to -12.6 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) compared with those in the first quartile (<1 microg/dL). A doubling of blood lead level was associated with a 2.9 mL/min/1.73 m(2)-lower estimated GFR (95% confidence interval, -0.7 to -5.0 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). Lead levels were also associated with lower creatinine-based estimated GFR levels, but the association was weaker than with cystatin C-based GFR and not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher blood lead levels in a range below the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-designated level of concern (10 microg/dL) were associated with lower estimated GFRs in a representative sample of US adolescents. This finding contributes to the increasing epidemiologic evidence indicating an adverse effect of low-level environmental lead exposure.
Authors:
Jeffrey J Fadrowski; Ana Navas-Acien; Maria Tellez-Plaza; Eliseo Guallar; Virginia M Weaver; Susan L Furth
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Archives of internal medicine     Volume:  170     ISSN:  1538-3679     ISO Abbreviation:  Arch. Intern. Med.     Publication Date:  2010 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-01-12     Completed Date:  2010-02-26     Revised Date:  2011-06-09    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372440     Medline TA:  Arch Intern Med     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  75-82     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA. jfadrow1@jhmi.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Child
Creatinine / blood
Cystatin C / blood
Female
Glomerular Filtration Rate*
Humans
Kidney Function Tests
Lead / blood*
Lead Poisoning / blood,  epidemiology
Linear Models
Male
Nutrition Surveys*
Risk Factors
United States / epidemiology
Young Adult
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
K23 ES016514-05/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; K23ES016514/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; K24DK078737/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; U01DK066174/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cystatin C; 60-27-5/Creatinine; 7439-92-1/Lead

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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