| Blast lung injury from an explosion on a civilian bus. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9925079 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical signs and management of primary blast lung injury (BLI) from explosions in an enclosed space and to propose a BLI severity scoring system. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. PATIENTS: Fifteen patients with primary BLI resulting from explosions on two civilian buses in 1996. RESULTS: Ten patients were extremely hypoxemic on admission (PaO2 < 65 mm Hg with oxygen supplementation). Four patients remained severely hypoxemic (PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) ratio of < 60 mm Hg) after mechanical ventilation was established and pneumothoraces were drained. Initial chest radiographs revealed bilateral lung opacities of various sizes in 12 patients (80%). Seven patients (47%) had bilateral pneumothoraces and two patients had a unilateral pneumothorax. Five (33%) had clinically significant bronchopleural fistulae. After clinical and laboratory data were collected, a BLI severity score was defined based on hypoxemia (PaO2/FIO2 ratio), chest radiographic abnormalities, and barotrauma. Severe BLI was defined as a PaO2/FIO2 ratio of < 60 mm Hg, bilateral lung infiltrates, and bronchopleural fistula; moderate BLI as a PaO2/FIO2 ratio of 60 to 200 mm Hg and diffuse (bilateral/unilateral) lung infiltrates with or without pneumothorax; and mild BLI as a PaO2/FIO2 ratio of > 200, localized lung infiltrates, and no pneumothorax. Five patients developed ARDS with Murray scores > 2.5. Respiratory management included positive pressure ventilation in the majority of the patients and unconventional methods (ie, high-frequency jet ventilation, independent lung ventilation, nitric oxide, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) in patients with severe BLI. Of the four patients who had severe BLI, three died. All six patients with moderate BLI survived, and four of five with mild BLI survived (one with head injury died). CONCLUSIONS: BLI can cause severe hypoxemia, which can be improved significantly with aggressive treatment. The lung damage may be accurately estimated in the early hours after injury. The BLI severity score may be helpful in determining patient management and prediction of final outcome. |
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Authors:
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R Pizov; A Oppenheim-Eden; I Matot; Y G Weiss; L A Eidelman; A I Rivkind; C L Sprung |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Chest Volume: 115 ISSN: 0012-3692 ISO Abbreviation: Chest Publication Date: 1999 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-02-05 Completed Date: 1999-02-05 Revised Date: 2009-11-03 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0231335 Medline TA: Chest Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 165-72 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Anoxia / classification, diagnosis, etiology, mortality Blast Injuries / classification, diagnosis, etiology*, mortality Explosions* Female Foreign Bodies / classification, diagnosis, etiology, mortality Humans Injury Severity Score Israel Lung Injury Male Middle Aged Motor Vehicles* Pneumothorax / classification, diagnosis, etiology, mortality Prognosis Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult / classification, diagnosis, etiology, mortality Retrospective Studies Survival Rate |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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