| Biogeochemical conditions determine virulence of black band disease in corals. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22318304 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The microenvironmental dynamics of the microbial mat of black band disease (BBD) and its less virulent precursor, cyanobacterial patch (CP), were extensively profiled using microsensors under different light intensities with respect to O(2), pH and H(2)S. BBD mats exhibited vertical stratification into an upper phototrophic and lower anoxic and sulphidic zone. At the progression front of BBD lesions, high sulphide levels up to 4977 μM were measured in darkness along with lower than ambient levels of pH (7.43±0.20). At the base of the coral-BBD microbial mat, conditions were hypoxic or anoxic depending on light intensity exposure. In contrast, CP mats did not exhibit strong microchemical stratification with mostly supersaturated oxygen conditions throughout the mats at all light intensities and with levels of pH generally higher than in BBD. Two of three replicate CP mats were devoid of sulphide, while the third replicate showed only low levels of sulphide (up to 42 μM) present in darkness and at intermediate light levels. The level of oxygenation and sulphide correlated well with lesion migration rates, that is virulence of the mats, which were greater in BBD than in CP. The results suggest that biogeochemical microgradients of BBD shaped by the complex microbial community, rather than a defined pathogen, are the major trigger for high virulence and the associated derived coral mortality of this disease. |
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Authors:
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Martin S Glas; Yui Sato; Karin E Ulstrup; David G Bourne |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-2-09 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The ISME journal Volume: - ISSN: 1751-7370 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-2-9 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101301086 Medline TA: ISME J Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Microsensor Group, Bremen, Bremen, Germany. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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