| Biochemical markers of alcohol use in pregnant women. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12554054 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: To describe the serious health consequences of alcohol (ethanol) use, especially as they relate to pregnancy and the development of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol effects (FAE). The classic markers of alcohol exposure, including blood/breath alcohol, gamma-glutamyl transferase (gammaGT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin-associated acetaldehyde (HAA) and carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT), are valuable and their methods of analysis are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: Since both FAS and FAE represent two of the leading preventable causes of mental retardation and birth defects, identification of alcohol use early in pregnancy is important to avoid adverse fetal outcomes. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of FAS and FAE is usually made after birth, when alcohol damage has become irreversible and permanent. The clinical laboratory can help prevent this damage and make a valuable contribution in assessing prenatal alcohol use. The clinical utility of blood/breath alcohol, gammaGT, MCV, HAA and CDT in alcohol use identification, especially in pregnancy, is substantial. Although none of the markers singularly has adequate sensitivity and specificity for screening, their diagnostic utility increases when measured as a panel. This is especially true in detecting alcohol use in pregnancy where the presence of several positive markers was correlated with the presence of alcohol-related fetal effects. |
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Authors:
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Janine Denis Cook |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical biochemistry Volume: 36 ISSN: 0009-9120 ISO Abbreviation: Clin. Biochem. Publication Date: 2003 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-01-29 Completed Date: 2003-07-31 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0133660 Medline TA: Clin Biochem Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 9-19 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medical and Research Technology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201-1082, USA. jcook002@umaryland.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acetaldehyde
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blood Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects* Alcohols / metabolism Biological Markers* Erythrocyte Indices Female Fetal Alcohol Syndrome / prevention & control* Hemoglobins / metabolism Humans Immunoassay Pregnancy Questionnaires Time Factors Transferrin / analogs & derivatives*, biosynthesis gamma-Glutamyltransferase / blood |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Alcohols; 0/Biological Markers; 0/Hemoglobins; 0/carbohydrate-deficient transferrin; 11096-37-0/Transferrin; 75-07-0/Acetaldehyde; EC 2.3.2.2/gamma-Glutamyltransferase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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