| Barley grain constituents, starch composition and structure affect starch in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21462932 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The relationship between starch physical properties and enzymatic hydrolysis was determined using ten different hulless barley genotypes with variable carbohydrate composition. The ten barley genotypes included one normal starch (CDC McGwire), three increased amylose starch (SH99250, SH99073 and SB94893), and six waxy starch (CDC Alamo, CDC Fibar, CDC Candle, Waxy Betzes, CDC Rattan and SB94912). Total starch concentration positively influenced thousand grain weight (TGW) (r2 = 0.70, p < 0.05). Increase in grain protein concentration was not only related to total starch concentration (r2 = -0.80, p < 0.01) but affected enzymatic hydrolysis of pure starch (r2 = -0.67, p < 0.01). On the other hand an increase in amylopectin unit chain length between DP 12-18 (F - II) was detrimental to starch concentration (r2 = 0.46, p < 0.01). Amylose concentration influenced granule size distribution with increased amylose genotypes showing highly reduced volume percentage of very small C-granules (< 5 µm diameter) and significantly increased (r2 = 0.83, p < 0.01) medium sized B granules (5 -15 µm diameter). Amylose affected smaller (F - I) and larger (F - III) amylopectin chains in opposite manners. Increased amylose concentration positively influenced F - III (DP 19 - 36) fraction of longer DP amylopectin chains (DP 19-36) which was associated with resistant starch (RS) in meal and pure starch samples. Rate of starch hydrolysis was high in pure starch samples as compared to meal samples. Enzymatic hydrolysis rate both in meal and pure starch samples followed the order waxy > normal > increased amylose. Rapidly digestible starch (RDS) increased with a decrease in amylose concentration. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed higher polydispersity index of amylose in CDC McGwire and increased amylose genotypes which could contribute to their reduced enzymatic hydrolysis, compared to waxy starch genotypes. Increased β-glucan and dietary fiber concentration also reduced enzymatic hydrolysis of meal samples. Average linkage cluster analysis dendrogram revealed that variation in amylose concentration significantly (p < 0.01) influenced resistant starch concentration in meal and pure starch samples. RS is also associated with B-type granules (5-15 µm) and amylopectin FIII (19-36 DP) fraction. In conclusion, the results suggest that barley genotype SH99250 with less decrease in grain weight in comparison to other increased amylose genotypes (SH99073, SH94893) could be a promising genotype to develop cultivars with increased amylose grain starch without compromising grain weight and yield. |
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Authors:
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Eric K Asare; Sarita Jaiswal; Jason Maley; Monica Baga; Ramaswami Sammynaiken; Brian G Rossnagel; Ravindra Nath Chibbar |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-4-4 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Volume: - ISSN: 1520-5118 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-4-5 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0374755 Medline TA: J Agric Food Chem Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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