| B-cell-derived lymphotoxin promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20220849 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Prostate cancer (CaP) progresses from prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia through locally invasive adenocarcinoma to castration-resistant metastatic carcinoma. Although radical prostatectomy, radiation and androgen ablation are effective therapies for androgen-dependent CaP, metastatic castration-resistant CaP is a major complication with high mortality. Androgens stimulate growth and survival of prostate epithelium and early CaP. Although most patients initially respond to androgen ablation, many develop castration-resistant CaP within 12-18 months. Despite extensive studies, the mechanisms underlying the emergence of castration-resistant CaP remain poorly understood and their elucidation is critical for developing improved therapies. Curiously, castration-resistant CaP remains androgen-receptor dependent, and potent androgen-receptor antagonists induce tumour regression in castrated mice. The role of inflammation in castration-resistant CaP has not been addressed, although it was reported that intrinsic NF-kappaB activation supports its growth. Inflammation is a localized protective reaction to injury or infection, but it also has a pathogenic role in many diseases, including cancer. Whereas acute inflammation is critical for host defence, chronic inflammation contributes to tumorigenesis and metastatic progression. The inflammation-responsive IkappaB kinase (IKK)-beta and its target NF-kappaB have important tumour-promoting functions within malignant cells and inflammatory cells. The latter, including macrophages and lymphocytes, are important elements of the tumour microenvironment, but the mechanisms underlying their recruitment remain obscure, although they are thought to depend on chemokine and cytokine production. We found that CaP progression is associated with inflammatory infiltration and activation of IKK-alpha, which stimulates metastasis by an NF-kappaB-independent, cell autonomous mechanism. Here we show that androgen ablation causes infiltration of regressing androgen-dependent tumours with leukocytes, including B cells, in which IKK-beta activation results in production of cytokines that activate IKK-alpha and STAT3 in CaP cells to enhance hormone-free survival. |
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Authors:
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Massimo Ammirante; Jun-Li Luo; Sergei Grivennikov; Sergei Nedospasov; Michael Karin |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Nature Volume: 464 ISSN: 1476-4687 ISO Abbreviation: Nature Publication Date: 2010 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-11 Completed Date: 2010-03-17 Revised Date: 2011-07-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0410462 Medline TA: Nature Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 302-5 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0723, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Androgens
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metabolism Animals B-Lymphocytes / metabolism* Humans I-kappa B Kinase / genetics, metabolism Lymphotoxin-alpha / metabolism* Male Mice Orchiectomy Prostate / metabolism, pathology Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism*, pathology*, physiopathology Survival Analysis |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 CA127923-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS; R01 CA127923-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Androgens; 0/Lymphotoxin-alpha; EC 2.7.1.37/Ikbkb protein, mouse; EC 2.7.11.10/I-kappa B Kinase |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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