| Auscultatory, echocardiographic, biochemical, nutritional, and environmental characteristics of mitral valve disease in Norfolk terriers. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22364691 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: In order to more fully understand degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) in the Norfolk terrier, we sought to characterize findings from the physical and echocardiographic examination; biochemical, biomarker, and nutritional profiles; and select environmental variables from a cohort of apparently healthy Norfolk terriers. ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Overtly healthy Norfolk terriers ≥6 yrs old were recruited by 3 different veterinary hospitals and underwent historical, physical, electrocardiographic (ECG), and 2D/color-flow Doppler echocardiographic examinations. Anterior mitral valve leaflet length, maximal thickness, area, and degree of prolapse were measured or calculated from two-dimensional images. Blood samples were obtained for serum biochemistry, serum serotonin, plasma NT-proBNP, amino acid profile, C-reactive protein, and cardiac troponin I. RESULTS: Of the 48 dogs entered into the study, 23 (48%) had murmurs, 2 (4%) had mid-systolic clicks, 11 (23%) had ECG P pulmonale, and 41 (85%) were deemed to have echocardiographic evidence of DMVD, including 18 Norfolk terriers without a murmur. Seven (15%), 28 (58%), and 13 (27%) dogs were classified as normal (stage 0), International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council (ISACHC) stage 1a, and 1b, respectively. Mean indexed echocardiographic mitral leaflet thickness (P = 0.017), area (P = 0.0002), prolapse (P = 0.0004), and left atrial to aortic diameter (P = 0.01) were significantly different between ISACHC 0, 1a, and 1b. CONCLUSION: DMVD is relatively common in Norfolk terriers and echocardiographic changes consistent with mild DMVD can be seen in dogs without a heart murmur. |
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Authors:
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Dennis J Trafny; Lisa M Freeman; Barret J Bulmer; John M Macgregor; John E Rush; Kathryn M Meurs; Mark A Oyama |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-2-22 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology Volume: - ISSN: 1875-0834 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-2-27 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101163270 Medline TA: J Vet Cardiol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Clinical Studies-Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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