| Atypical audiovisual speech integration in infants at risk for autism. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22615768 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The language difficulties often seen in individuals with autism might stem from an inability to integrate audiovisual information, a skill important for language development. We investigated whether 9-month-old siblings of older children with autism, who are at an increased risk of developing autism, are able to integrate audiovisual speech cues. We used an eye-tracker to record where infants looked when shown a screen displaying two faces of the same model, where one face is articulating/ba/and the other/ga/, with one face congruent with the syllable sound being presented simultaneously, the other face incongruent. This method was successful in showing that infants at low risk can integrate audiovisual speech: they looked for the same amount of time at the mouths in both the fusible visual/ga/- audio/ba/and the congruent visual/ba/- audio/ba/displays, indicating that the auditory and visual streams fuse into a McGurk-type of syllabic percept in the incongruent condition. It also showed that low-risk infants could perceive a mismatch between auditory and visual cues: they looked longer at the mouth in the mismatched, non-fusible visual/ba/- audio/ga/display compared with the congruent visual/ga/- audio/ga/display, demonstrating that they perceive an uncommon, and therefore interesting, speech-like percept when looking at the incongruent mouth (repeated ANOVA: displays x fusion/mismatch conditions interaction: F(1,16) = 17.153, p = 0.001). The looking behaviour of high-risk infants did not differ according to the type of display, suggesting difficulties in matching auditory and visual information (repeated ANOVA, displays x conditions interaction: F(1,25) = 0.09, p = 0.767), in contrast to low-risk infants (repeated ANOVA: displays x conditions x low/high-risk groups interaction: F(1,41) = 4.466, p = 0.041). In some cases this reduced ability might lead to the poor communication skills characteristic of autism. |
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Authors:
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Jeanne A Guiraud; Przemyslaw Tomalski; Elena Kushnerenko; Helena Ribeiro; Kim Davies; Tony Charman; Mayada Elsabbagh; Mark H Johnson; |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2012-05-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: PloS one Volume: 7 ISSN: 1932-6203 ISO Abbreviation: PLoS ONE Publication Date: 2012 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-05-22 Completed Date: 2012-09-14 Revised Date: 2013-03-01 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101285081 Medline TA: PLoS One Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: e36428 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Psychological Science, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom. jeanne_guiraud@hotmail.com |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Autistic Disorder
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epidemiology*,
physiopathology Humans Infant Risk Factors Speech* Vision, Ocular* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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G0701484//Medical Research Council |
| Investigator | |
Investigator/Affiliation:
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Simon Baron-Cohen / ; Patrick Bolton / ; Susie Chandler / ; Janice Fernandes / ; Teodora Gliga / ; Greg Pasco / ; Leslie Tucker / |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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