Document Detail


Attenuation of CD95-induced apoptosis by inorganic mercury: caspase-3 is not a direct target of low levels of Hg2+.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15585371     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Exposure to environmental mercury may be a factor that contributes to idiosyncratic autoimmune disease. Studies have demonstrated that inorganic, ionic mercury (i.e., Hg2+) modulates several lymphocyte signal transduction pathways, which may be a mechanism whereby Hg2+ dysregulates the immune response. The CD95/Fas apoptotic signaling pathway, which is of critical importance in regulating peripheral tolerance, is disrupted by low and environmentally relevant concentrations of Hg2+. Activation of the cysteine protease caspase-3 is a critical component of both CD95-mediated and TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. The present work demonstrates that Hg2+ selectively disrupts death receptor mediated caspase-3 activation, where CD95-mediated caspase-3 activation is impaired in Hg2+ treated cells; whereas TNF-alpha-induced caspase-3 activation is not. Using the fluorogenic caspase-3 substrate, Ac-DEVD-7-amino-4-methyl coumarin, to measure caspase-3 enzyme activity as well as Western blotting to track processing of the caspase-3 proenzyme, we have considered the potential direct and indirect effects of Hg2+ on caspase-3. At relatively high concentrations and in a cell-free system, Hg2+ is capable of targeting the active site cysteinyl of caspase-3 resulting in enzyme inhibition. However, at more environmentally relevant exposures, Hg2+ does not gain access in appreciable quantities to the intracellular compartment where caspase-3 resides. Collectively, these data establish that Hg2+ impairs CD95-mediated apoptosis by targeting a plasma membrane proximal signaling event. By measuring the cellular Hg2+ content following various exposure conditions, we have determined that a cellular Hg2+ burden of approximately 50 ng/10(6) cells is sufficient to impair CD95-mediated caspase-3 activation. The present study furthers an understanding of the mechanism whereby relatively low and non-cytotoxic concentrations of Hg2+ may disrupt peripheral tolerance leading to sustained autoimmune disease.
Authors:
Michael J McCabe; Kevin G Eckles; Margaret Langdon; Thomas W Clarkson; Michael J Whitekus; Allen J Rosenspire
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Toxicology letters     Volume:  155     ISSN:  0378-4274     ISO Abbreviation:  Toxicol. Lett.     Publication Date:  2005 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-12-08     Completed Date:  2005-02-09     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7709027     Medline TA:  Toxicol Lett     Country:  Netherlands    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  161-70     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Box EHSC, 525 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA. michael_mccabe@urmc.rochester.edu
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Antigens, CD95 / drug effects*,  metabolism
Apoptosis / drug effects*
Blotting, Western
Caspase 3
Caspases / drug effects*
Cysteine / metabolism
Humans
Indicators and Reagents
Jurkat Cells
Mercury / analysis,  toxicity*
Sulfhydryl Compounds / metabolism
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
P30 ES01247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; R01 ES012403/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; R01 ES11000/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Antigens, CD95; 0/Indicators and Reagents; 0/Sulfhydryl Compounds; 0/Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; 52-90-4/Cysteine; 7439-97-6/Mercury; EC 3.4.22.-/CASP3 protein, human; EC 3.4.22.-/Caspase 3; EC 3.4.22.-/Caspases

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Hypoxic inhibition of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced CYP1A1 expression is independent of HIF-1alpha.
Next Document:  Comparison of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) activity and hepatic and lymphocyte mRNA expression in pat...