Document Detail


Astrocyte responses to injury: VEGF simultaneously modulates cell death and proliferation.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  18614764     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Hypoxia is linked to changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and loss of BBB integrity is characteristic of many pathological brain diseases including stroke. In particular, astrocytes play a central role in brain homeostasis and BBB function. We investigated how hypoxia affects astrocyte survival and assessed whether VEGF release through hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) induction plays a role in tolerance of these cells to insult. Thus primary astrocytes were subjected to normoxic (21% O(2)), hypoxic (1% O(2)), or near-anoxic (<0.1% O(2)) conditions in the presence or absence of glucose. Cell death was significantly initiated after combined oxygen glucose deprivation, and, surprisingly, astrocyte proliferation increased concomitantly. Near anoxic, but not hypoxic, conditions stabilized HIF-1alpha protein and provoked DNA binding activity, whereas oxygen and glucose deprivation accelerated HIF-1alpha accumulation. Unexpectedly, Hif-1alpha knockdown studies showed that elevated VEGF levels following increased insult was only partially due to HIF-1alpha induction, suggesting alternative mechanisms of VEGF regulation. Notably, endogenous VEGF signaling during insult was essential for cell fate since VEGF inhibition appreciably augmented cell death and reduced proliferation. These data suggest Hif-1 only partially contributes to VEGF-mediated astrocyte responses during chronic injury (as occurs in clinical hypoxic/ischemic insults) that may ultimately be responsible for disrupting BBB integrity.
Authors:
Nicole Schmid-Brunclik; Carole Bürgi-Taboada; Xanthi Antoniou; Max Gassmann; Omolara O Ogunshola
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2008-07-09
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology     Volume:  295     ISSN:  0363-6119     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.     Publication Date:  2008 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-09-08     Completed Date:  2008-10-17     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  100901230     Medline TA:  Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  R864-73     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Univ. of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich CH 8057, Switzerland.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Astrocytes / cytology*,  metabolism*,  secretion
Blood-Brain Barrier / physiology
Brain Ischemia / metabolism,  pathology*
Cell Death / drug effects,  physiology*
Cell Division / drug effects,  physiology
Cell Hypoxia / physiology
Cell Survival / drug effects,  physiology
Cells, Cultured
Glucose / pharmacology
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / genetics,  metabolism
Oxygen / pharmacology
RNA, Small Interfering
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism*,  secretion
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Hif1a protein, rat; 0/Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; 0/RNA, Small Interfering; 0/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; 0/vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; 50-99-7/Glucose; 7782-44-7/Oxygen

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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