| Are there effects of renin-angiotensin system antagonists beyond blood pressure control? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20102970 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are recognized to reduce cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, which is primarily attributed to their antihypertensive effects. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disease through blood pressure-independent mechanisms mediated by angiotensin II. Thus, inhibiting the RAS with either an ARB or an ACE inhibitor may confer additional benefit in people with advanced nephropathy that cannot be explained totally by reductions in blood pressure. Preclinical evidence suggests that blood pressure lowering is not solely responsible for the organ and tissue protective effects of ACE inhibitors or ARBs. Furthermore, clinical studies evaluating effects on end organs and surrogate markers have shown that these agents have blood pressure-independent effects. There is also intriguing evidence that agents in the same class may differ in their effects on renal function despite similar blood pressure control. Support for blood pressure-independent effects comes from outcome studies. Agents evaluated in such studies and that appear to have effects independent of blood pressure lowering include irbesartan, losartan, ramipril, and telmisartan. Taken together, this body of evidence indicates that the clinical benefits of ARBs and ACE inhibitors in patients with advanced nephropathy extend beyond blood pressure reduction. Therefore, although antihypertensive efficacy is of primary importance in choosing a treatment to provide cardiovascular and renal protection, consideration should be given to the effects of an agent that extend beyond blood pressure. |
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Authors:
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George Bakris |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of cardiology Volume: 105 ISSN: 1879-1913 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Cardiol. Publication Date: 2010 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-01-27 Completed Date: 2010-03-04 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0207277 Medline TA: Am J Cardiol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 21A-9A Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Hypertensive Diseases Unit, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. gbakris@gmail.com |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
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therapeutic use* Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use* Blood Pressure / physiology* Cardiovascular Diseases / complications, drug therapy*, physiopathology* Humans Kidney Diseases / etiology, metabolism, physiopathology Renin-Angiotensin System / physiology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; 0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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