| Apparent competition and enemy-free space in insect host-parasitoid communities. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 19425963 Owner: NLM Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
Apparent competition is indirect competition between two or more victim species that share a natural enemy, caused by that enemy's numerical response. We review empirical examples of apparent competition in phytophagous insect hosts attacked by polyphagous parasitoids and develop models of apparent competition in host-parasitoid systems. Apparent competition is particularly likely in insect assemblages because parasitoids can limit their hosts to levels at which resource competition is unimportant. A consideration of both equilibrium and nonequilibrium models in which polyphagous parasitoids impose significant mortality on their hosts suggests that the most common outcome is the exclusion of all but one host species, which generates dynamic monophagy (i.e., a single host species persisting with a potentially polyphagous parasitoid). A crisp criterion for dominance in apparent competition is that the winning host supports the highest parasitoid density. We conclude that it is difficult for alternative hosts to coexist when the sole regulatory factor is a shared parasitoid. Yet in nature, coexisting hosts frequently do share parasitoids. We examine several mechanisms promoting host coexistence, including donor-controlled parasitoid dynamics, additional sources of host density dependence (e.g., resource limitation), spatial and temporal refuges, trophic web structure, and labile parasitoid behavior. Elucidating the mechanisms permitting the coexistence of host species confronted by effective polyphagous parasitoids deserves more attention from experimental field ecologists. |
| | |
Authors:
|
R D Holt; J H Lawton |
Related Documents
:
|
4125583 - Use of cobalt as a mitochondrial vital stain to study cytoplasmic exchange in matings o... 17393403 - The non-problem of free will in forensic psychiatry and psychology. 12293203 - Immigration reform and the browning of america: tensions, conflicts and community insta... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: The American naturalist Volume: 142 ISSN: 0003-0147 ISO Abbreviation: Am. Nat. Publication Date: 1993 Oct |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2009-05-11 Completed Date: 2009-06-17 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 2984688R Medline TA: Am Nat Country: United States |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 623-45 Citation Subset: - |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Why Do Most Fish Produce so Many Tiny Offspring?
Next Document: Coevolution of patch selection strategies of predator and prey and the consequences for ecological s...