| Aorta and Liver Changes in Rats Fed Cholesterol-Containing and Raw Vegetable-Supplemented Diets: Experiments in Vitro and in Vivo. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21615122 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The aim of this investigation was to compare the liver and aorta changes in rats fed cholesterol containing diets and the possible improvement when diets would be supplemented with frequently used raw vegetables. The phenolic compounds of three vegetables in methanol-water (1:1) fraction were characterized using electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESI-MS). Results showed that the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, quercetin, flavanols, tannins, and ascorbic acid varied for garlic, and white and red onions ranging from 6.68-18.08 mg GAE/g DW, 490.4-701.0 µg CE/g DW, 281.2-1100.0 µg, 32.40-41.30 µg CE/g DW, 2.88-3.12 mg CE/g DW, 1.87-2.33 mg AA/g DW, 1388.2-1442.3 µg CGE/g DW, respectively. The radical scavenging capacities (µM TE/g DW) for the same investigated fruits for ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH assays ranged from 48.78-92.42, 9.41-28.56, 3.06-10.41 and 6.49-23.42, respectively. Good correlations were observed between the phenolic contents and the radical scavenging capacities of the vegetables. The interaction between BSA and quercetin, BSA and garlic and onions extracts was measured by 3-dimensional fluorescence (3D-FL) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The highest polyphenol content was found in methanol/water fraction of onions and garlic, therefore for investigation in vitro interaction with BSA only polyphenols of this fraction were used. In vivo studies 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups each of 6 and named Control, Chol, Chol/Garlic, Chol/OnionRed and Chol/OnionWhite. During 6 weeks the rats of all 5 groups were fed a basal diet (BD). The rats of the Control group were fed the BD only. The BD of Chol group was supplemented with 10 g/kg of nonoxidized cholesterol (NOC). Each of the other three groups were supplemented with 10 g/kg of NOC and 500mg of raw lyophilized garlic, 500mg of raw lyophilized red onion and 500mg of raw lyophilized white onion on 1 kg of body weight for Chol/Garlic, Chol/OnionRed and Chol/OnionWhite diet groups, respectively. In order to detect the changes in the liver and aorta, a histological procedure was applied and the liver enzymes were determined and compared. It was found that the main changes vs. Control group were in liver of rat fed cholesterol containing diet without vegetables supplementation. Significantly less histological changes in liver and lower level of liver enzymes vs. Chol group were detected in rats of Chol/Garlic group (P < 0.05). The interaction between polyphenol extract of garlic and BSA in vitro showed its strong ability comparable with quercetin to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA. In conclusion, all studied vegetables showed protective effects, but raw garlic supplemented to cholesterol-containing diets significantly prevented the aorta and liver damages of rats. |
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Authors:
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Shela Gorinstein; Hanna Leontowicz; Maria Leontowicz; Katarzyna Najman; Wojciech Bielecki; Kyung-Sik Ham; Seong-Gook Kang; Octavio Paredes-Lopez; Alma Leticia Martinez-Ayala; Simon Trakhtenberg |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-5-26 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Volume: - ISSN: 1520-5118 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-5-27 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0374755 Medline TA: J Agric Food Chem Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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