| Anxiolytics for smoking cessation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 11034774 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: There are two reasons to believe anxiolytics might help in smoking cessation. Anxiety may be a symptom of nicotine withdrawal. Second, smoking appears to be due, in part, to deficits in dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, all of which are increased by anxiolytics and antidepressants. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of anxiolytic drugs in aiding long term smoking cessation. The drugs include buspirone; diazepam; doxepin; meprobamate; ondansetron; and the beta-blockers metoprolol, oxprenolol and propanolol. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register which includes trials indexed in Medline, Embase, SciSearch and PsycLit, and meetings abstracts. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomized trials comparing anxiolytic drugs to placebo or an alternative therapeutic control for smoking cessation. We excluded trials with less than 6 months follow-up. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data in duplicate on the type of study population, the nature of the drug therapy, the outcome measures, method of randomisation, and completeness of follow-up. The main outcome measure was abstinence from smoking after at least six months follow-up in patients smoking at baseline. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence for each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using a fixed effects model. MAIN RESULTS: There was one trial each of the anxiolytics diazepam, meprobamate, metoprolol and oxprenolol. There were two trials of the anxiolytic buspirone. None of the trials showed strong evidence of an effect for any of these drugs in helping smokers to quit. However, confidence intervals were wide, and an effect of anxiolytics cannot be ruled out on current evidence. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is no consistent evidence that anxiolytics aid smoking cessation, but the available evidence does not rule out a possible effect. |
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Authors:
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J R Hughes; L F Stead; T Lancaster |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) Volume: - ISSN: 1469-493X ISO Abbreviation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Publication Date: 2000 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2001-01-26 Completed Date: 2001-08-02 Revised Date: 2004-11-17 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100909747 Medline TA: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: CD002849 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 38 Fletcher Place, Burlington, Vermont 05401-1419, USA. john.hughes@uvm.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
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therapeutic use* Anti-Anxiety Agents / therapeutic use* Humans Smoking / drug therapy* Smoking Cessation / methods* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; 0/Anti-Anxiety Agents |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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