| Antibacterial properties of xanthine oxidase in human milk. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 11022933 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Formula-fed babies contract gastroenteritis more than breast-fed babies, which is of concern to mothers who cannot breastfeed or, as with HIV-infected mothers, are discouraged from breastfeeding. The ability of endogenous breastmilk xanthine oxidase to generate the antimicrobial radical nitric oxide has been measured and its influence on the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritides examined. Breastmilk, but not formula feed, generated nitric oxide. Xanthine oxidase activity substantially inhibited the growth of both bacteria. An important natural antibiotic system is missing in formula feeds; the addition of xanthine oxidase may improve formula for use when breastfeeding is not a safe option. |
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Authors:
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C R Stevens; T M Millar; J G Clinch; J M Kanczler; T Bodamyali; D R Blake |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Letter; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Lancet Volume: 356 ISSN: 0140-6736 ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Publication Date: 2000 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2000-10-19 Completed Date: 2000-10-19 Revised Date: 2007-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985213R Medline TA: Lancet Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 829-30 Citation Subset: AIM; IM; X |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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isolation & purification,
pharmacology* Drug Interactions Escherichia coli / drug effects, growth & development Female Humans Hydrogen Peroxide / pharmacology Hypoxanthine / pharmacology Milk, Human / enzymology*, metabolism Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis Salmonella enteritidis / drug effects, growth & development Xanthine Oxidase / isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anti-Bacterial Agents; 10102-43-9/Nitric Oxide; 68-94-0/Hypoxanthine; 7722-84-1/Hydrogen Peroxide; EC 1.17.3.2/Xanthine Oxidase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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