| Anti-inflammatory mechanism of compound K in activated microglia and its neuroprotective effect on experimental stroke in mice. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22207656 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Microglial activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various neurologic disorders, such as cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Thus, controlling microglial activation is a promising therapeutic strategy for such brain diseases. In the present study, we found that a ginseng saponin metabolite, compound K, inhibited the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, proinflammatory cytokines, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and -9 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells and primary cultured microglia. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that compound K suppressed microglial activation via inhibiting reactive oxygen species, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and NF-κB/AP-1 activities with enhancement of HO-1/ARE signaling. To address the anti-inflammatory effects of compound K in vivo, we used two brain disease models of mice: sepsis (systemic inflammation) and cerebral ischemia. Compound K reduced the number of Iba1-positive activated microglia and inhibited the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta in the LPS-induced sepsis brain. Furthermore, compound K reduced the infarct volume of ischemic brain induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and suppressed microglial activation in the ischemic cortex. The results collectively suggest that compound K is a promising agent for prevention and/or treatment of cerebral ischemia and other neuroinflammatory disorders. |
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Authors:
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Jin-Sun Park; Jin A Shin; Ji-Sun Jung; Jin-Won Hyun; Thi Kim Van Le; Dong-Hyun Kim; Eun-Mi Park; Hee-Sun Kim |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-12-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics Volume: - ISSN: 1521-0103 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-30 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376362 Medline TA: J Pharmacol Exp Ther Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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1 Ewha Womans Univeristy Medical School; |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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