Document Detail


Anti-apoptotic activity of hemagglutinin-33 and botulinum neurotoxin and its implications to therapeutic and countermeasure issues.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22182409     Owner:  NLM     Status:  Publisher    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by Clostridium botulinum are the most toxic substances known to the mankind. BoNTs (seven serotypes, A-G) are produced along with a group of neurotoxin associated proteins (NAPs) in a physiologically coordinated manner, regulated by a common transcription factor for the gene cluster that encodes for the BoNT and NAPs. Hemagglutinin-33 (Hn-33) is a 33kDa subcomponent of NAPs, which is resistant to protease digestion, and accounts for about half of the NAPs molecules in the BoNT/A complex. Natural exposures to BoNT in food poisoning cases as well as in the medical applications of BoNT as a therapeutic agent, humans are exposed to the BoNT/A complex. The toxin itself is known to block neurotransmitter release from presynaptic nerves, but the effect of NAPs is unexplored. In this article, we report an important observation of the anti-apoptotic effect of Hn-33 in Hn-33-preincubated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Activity of caspases, which are the central executioners of apoptosis, was substantially (78%) reduced by Hn-33. Degradation of chromosomal DNA, another biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, was blocked in Hn-33 incubated SH-SY5Y cells. Interestingly, purified BoNT/A also showed substantial anti-apoptotic activity. These findings may have significant implications to the use of BoNT as a therapeutic agent, and to devise counter measures to botulinum poisoning.
Authors:
Raj Kumar; Yu Zhou; Koyel Ghosal; Shuowei Cai; Bal Ram Singh
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Publication Detail:
Type:  JOURNAL ARTICLE     Date:  2011-12-11
Journal Detail:
Title:  Biochemical and biophysical research communications     Volume:  -     ISSN:  1090-2104     ISO Abbreviation:  -     Publication Date:  2011 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-12-20     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372516     Medline TA:  Biochem Biophys Res Commun     Country:  -    
Other Details:
Languages:  ENG     Pagination:  -     Citation Subset:  -    
Copyright Information:
Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Botulinum Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, United States.
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