| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and stroke risk: benefit beyond blood pressure reduction? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15338854 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Hypertension, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, accounts for 25-49% of all strokes. Randomized placebo-controlled trials primarily with diuretics and beta-blockers administered in patients with hypertension have demonstrated a 38% reduction in primary stroke. Placebo-controlled trials with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have not been conducted in patients with hypertension. However, in a meta-analysis of four placebo-controlled trials of ACE inhibitors in patients with coronary heart disease and/or diabetes mellitus, the overall risk of primary stroke was significantly reduced. Results of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation trial, which produced a substantial reduction in stroke with an apparently small reduction in blood pressure, suggest that the benefit of ACE inhibitors may be related to their effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system more than on blood pressure reduction. In active-control comparisons in patients with hypertension, ACE inhibitors have demonstrated reductions in primary stroke risk similar to reductions with diuretics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers. The data suggest that for primary prevention of stroke antihypertensive therapy should be individualized in patients. Relatively few data are available concerning the benefit of antihypertensive therapy in the secondary prevention of stroke. In patients who had experienced a stroke or transient ischemic attack, therapy with a diuretic or a combination of a diuretic plus an ACE inhibitor could be recommended based on available outcome studies conducted in this patient population. It is premature to conclude that the benefit of ACE inhibitor therapy in primary or secondary prevention of stroke is an effect independent of blood pressure reduction. Hypertension detection, treatment, and control in patients still must be the principal focus of clinicians for both primary and secondary prevention of stroke. |
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Authors:
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Daniel E Hilleman; B Daniel Lucas |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Pharmacotherapy Volume: 24 ISSN: 0277-0008 ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacotherapy Publication Date: 2004 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-09-01 Completed Date: 2004-10-26 Revised Date: 2007-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8111305 Medline TA: Pharmacotherapy Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1064-76 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Aged Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology, therapeutic use* Blood Pressure / drug effects* Female Humans Hypertension / complications, drug therapy Male Middle Aged Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Factors Stroke / etiology, prevention & control* Treatment Outcome |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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