| Androgens and masculinization of genitalia in the spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta). 2. Effects of prenatal anti-androgens. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9713384 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Pregnant spotted hyaenas were treated with anti-androgens to interfere with the unusually masculine 'phallic' development that characterizes females of this species. The effects on genital morphology and plasma androgen concentrations of infants were studied during the first 6 months of life. Although there were consistent 'feminizing' effects of prenatal anti-androgen treatment on genital morphology in both sexes, such exposure did not produce males with extreme hypospadia, as it does in other species, nor did it produce females with a 'typical' mammalian clitoris and external vagina. 'Feminization' of males resulted in a penis with the morphological features of the hyaena clitoris, and 'feminization' of females exaggerated the sex differences that are typical of this species. The effects of treatment were present at birth and persisted for at least 6 months. Treatment of pregnant females with flutamide and finasteride also markedly reduced circulating concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in maternal plasma during pregnancy. Plasma delta 4-androstenedione was reduced in the female, but not the male, infants of treated mothers, consistent with an epigenetic hypothesis previously advanced to explain hormonal 'masculinization' of females. The present 'feminizing' effects of prenatal anti-androgen treatment are consistent with contemporary understanding of sexual differentiation, which accounts for morphological variation between the sexes in terms of steroids. However, current theory does not account for the basic genital structure of females and the present data suggest that development of the male penis and scrotum, and the female clitoris and pseudoscrotum, in spotted hyaenas may involve both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent components. |
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Authors:
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C M Drea; M L Weldele; N G Forger; E M Coscia; L G Frank; P Licht; S E Glickman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of reproduction and fertility Volume: 113 ISSN: 0022-4251 ISO Abbreviation: J. Reprod. Fertil. Publication Date: 1998 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1998-09-01 Completed Date: 1998-09-01 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376367 Medline TA: J Reprod Fertil Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 117-27 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Androgen Antagonists
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pharmacology* Androstenedione / blood Animals Carnivora / embryology* Cyproterone Acetate / pharmacology Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology Female Finasteride / pharmacology Flutamide / pharmacology Genitalia / drug effects, embryology, growth & development Male Maternal-Fetal Exchange Pregnancy Sex Differentiation / drug effects* Testosterone 5-alpha-Reductase / antagonists & inhibitors Urogenital System / drug effects, embryology*, growth & development |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HD-07684/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; MH-39917/MH/NIMH NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Androgen Antagonists; 0/Enzyme Inhibitors; 13311-84-7/Flutamide; 427-51-0/Cyproterone Acetate; 63-05-8/Androstenedione; 98319-26-7/Finasteride; EC 1.3.99.5/Testosterone 5-alpha-Reductase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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