| Amantadine enhancement of arousal and cognition after traumatic brain injury. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18212258 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of amantadine therapy for early arousal and improved cognition in traumatic brain injury (TBI). DATA SOURCES: Literature was accessed through MEDLINE (1950-August 2007) using the MeSH terms amantadine, brain injuries, cognition, and arousal. PubMed (through August 2007) terms included amantadine, traumatic brain injury, and cerebral injury. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All studies of amantadine (used <6 mo after injury) for enhancement of arousal or cognition in patients with TBI were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Many cases of TBI are associated with frontal lobe injury. As a dopamine agonist, amantadine is thought to be involved in frontal lobe stimulation. Two case reports, 3 retrospective studies, and 2 randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of amantadine therapy for early arousal in TBI were identified and reviewed. Limitations of the available studies include open design, retrospective design, and heterogeneous brain injury types. Results have been inconsistent between studies, largely due to variability in designs, heterogeneity in patient populations, time following injury, and use of numerous different outcome measures. Despite these limitations, improvements in arousal and cognition, as documented by the Glasgow Coma Scale and other measures, have been observed in patients with TBI when amantadine has been initiated 3 days to 5 months after injury. CONCLUSIONS: At doses of 200-400 mg/day, amantadine appears to safely improve arousal and cognition in patients with TBI. Additional prospective controlled studies with homogeneous patient populations will better define the role of amantadine for early arousal. |
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Authors:
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Elizabeth Sawyer; Laurie S Mauro; Martin J Ohlinger |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2008-01-22 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Annals of pharmacotherapy Volume: 42 ISSN: 1542-6270 ISO Abbreviation: Ann Pharmacother Publication Date: 2008 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-04-18 Completed Date: 2008-06-17 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9203131 Medline TA: Ann Pharmacother Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 247-52 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Parma Community General Hospital, Parma, OH, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amantadine
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pharmacology,
therapeutic use* Arousal / drug effects*, physiology Brain Injuries / drug therapy*, physiopathology, psychology Cognition / drug effects*, physiology Humans Recovery of Function / drug effects, physiology Time Factors |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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768-94-5/Amantadine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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