Document Detail


Aldosterone synthase inhibitor ameliorates angiotensin II-induced organ damage.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15939810     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Aldosterone and angiotensin (Ang) II both may cause organ damage. Circulating aldosterone is produced in the adrenals; however, local cardiac synthesis has been reported. Aldosterone concentrations depend on the activity of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2). We tested the hypothesis that reducing aldosterone by inhibiting CYP11B2 or by adrenalectomy (ADX) may ameliorate organ damage. Furthermore, we investigated how much local cardiac aldosterone originates from the adrenal gland. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the effect of the CYP11B2 inhibitor FAD286, losartan, and the consequences of ADX in transgenic rats overexpressing both the human renin and angiotensinogen genes (dTGR). dTGR-ADX received dexamethasone and 1% salt. Dexamethasone-treated dTGR-salt served as a control group in the ADX protocol. Untreated dTGR developed hypertension and cardiac and renal damage and had a 40% mortality rate (5/13) at 7 weeks. FAD286 reduced mortality to 10% (1/10) and ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy, albuminuria, cell infiltration, and matrix deposition in the heart and kidney. FAD286 had no effect on blood pressure at weeks 5 and 6 but slightly reduced blood pressure at week 7 (177+/-6 mm Hg in dTGR+FAD286 and 200+/-5 mm Hg in dTGR). Losartan normalized blood pressure during the entire study. Circulating and cardiac aldosterone levels were reduced in FAD286 or losartan-treated dTGR. ADX combined with dexamethasone and salt treatment decreased circulating and cardiac aldosterone to barely detectable levels. At week 7, ADX-dTGR-dexamethasone-salt had a 22% mortality rate compared with 73% in dTGR-dexamethasone-salt. Both groups were similarly hypertensive (190+/-9 and 187+/-4 mm Hg). In contrast, cardiac hypertrophy index, albuminuria, cell infiltration, and matrix deposition were significantly reduced after ADX (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Aldosterone plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Ang II-induced organ damage. Both FAD286 and ADX reduced circulating and cardiac aldosterone levels. The present results show that aldosterone produced in the adrenals is the main source of cardiac aldosterone.
Authors:
Anette Fiebeler; Jürg Nussberger; Erdenechimeg Shagdarsuren; Song Rong; Georg Hilfenhaus; Nidal Al-Saadi; Ralf Dechend; Maren Wellner; Silke Meiners; Christiane Maser-Gluth; Arco Y Jeng; Randy L Webb; Friedrich C Luft; Dominik N Muller
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2005-06-06
Journal Detail:
Title:  Circulation     Volume:  111     ISSN:  1524-4539     ISO Abbreviation:  Circulation     Publication Date:  2005 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2005-06-15     Completed Date:  2006-02-06     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0147763     Medline TA:  Circulation     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  3087-94     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Medical Faculty of the Charité, HELIOS Klinikum-Berlin, Franz Volhard Clinic, Berlin, Germany. fiebeler@fvk-berlin.de
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adrenal Glands / metabolism
Adrenalectomy
Aldosterone / analysis,  biosynthesis,  blood
Aldosterone Antagonists / pharmacology*
Aldosterone Synthase / antagonists & inhibitors*
Angiotensin II / adverse effects*
Angiotensinogen / genetics
Animals
Animals, Genetically Modified
Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
Fibrosis / etiology,  pathology
Heart Diseases / etiology,  pathology,  prevention & control*
Humans
Inflammation / etiology,  pathology
Kidney Diseases / etiology,  pathology,  prevention & control
Losartan / administration & dosage,  pharmacology
Myocardium / chemistry
Rats
Renin / blood,  genetics
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Aldosterone Antagonists; 0/Enzyme Inhibitors; 11002-13-4/Angiotensinogen; 11128-99-7/Angiotensin II; 114798-26-4/Losartan; 52-39-1/Aldosterone; EC 1.14.15.4/Aldosterone Synthase; EC 3.4.23.15/Renin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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