| Agonist-induced impairment of glycocalyx exclusion properties: contribution to coronary effects of adenosine. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20418474 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The endothelial glycocalyx is the negatively charged, gel-like mesh residing at the luminal side of the vascular endothelium and forming the interface between the flowing blood and the vessel wall. The vast majority of glycocalyx volume resides in the microcirculation, particularly in the capillaries. Intravital microscopic observations of capillaries in striated muscle preparations illustrate that under resting conditions, the glycocalyx is not accessible for flowing red blood cells and greatly hinders plasma flow in the axial direction, causing a significant reduction in functionally perfused capillary volume. Glycocalyx exclusion properties have been shown to be reduced by adenosine and other vasoactive substances. A diminished exclusion of circulating blood by the glycocalyx may facilitate nutrient exchange since it is associated with an increase in functionally perfused blood volume and surface area in the capillaries. Our recent studies have focused on the effect of adenosine on glycocalyx exclusion in the coronary circulation and demonstrate an important role for this mechanism in the increase in circulating coronary blood volume during administration of this vasodilator. The current review elaborates on the glycocalyx as a blood-excluding intravascular layer and how it can be modulated by various agonists. Further, the potential role of adenosine-induced modulation of glycocalyx exclusion properties in coupling increases in blood flow and circulating blood volume in the coronary circulation is discussed. Finally, we consider how degradation of the glycocalyx may impact on coronary blood volume regulation, thereby providing new opportunities to diagnose glycocalyx damage in the clinical setting. |
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Authors:
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Jurgen W G E VanTeeffelen; Judith Brands; Hans Vink |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2010-04-23 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cardiovascular research Volume: 87 ISSN: 1755-3245 ISO Abbreviation: Cardiovasc. Res. Publication Date: 2010 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-02 Completed Date: 2010-10-12 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0077427 Medline TA: Cardiovasc Res Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 311-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adenosine
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pharmacology* Animals Body Fluids / metabolism* Capillary Permeability / drug effects* Coronary Circulation / drug effects Coronary Vessels / drug effects*, metabolism Endothelium, Vascular / drug effects*, metabolism Glycocalyx / drug effects*, metabolism Humans Microvessels / drug effects*, metabolism Vasodilation / drug effects Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Vasodilator Agents; 58-61-7/Adenosine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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