Document Detail


Advanced life support drugs: do they really work?
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  12386499     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Basic life support and rapid defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia are the only two interventions that have been shown unequivocally to improve survival after cardiac arrest. Several drugs are advocated to treat cardiac arrest, but despite very encouraging animal data, no drug has been reliably proven to increase survival to hospital discharge after cardiac arrest. This review focuses on recent experimental and clinical data concerning the use of vasopressin, amiodarone, magnesium, and fibrinolytics during advanced life support (ALS). Animal data indicate that, in comparison with epinephrine (adrenaline), vasopressin produces better vital organ blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). These apparent advantages have yet to be converted into improved survival in large-scale trials of cardiac arrest in humans. Data from two prospective, randomized trials suggest that amiodarone may improve short-term survival after out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. On the basis of anecdotal data, magnesium is recommended therapy for torsades de pointes and for shock-resistant ventricular fibrillation associated with hypomagnesemia. In the past, CPR has been a contraindication to giving fibrinolytics, but several studies have demonstrated the relative safety of fibrinolysis during and after CPR. Fibrinolytics are likely to be beneficial when cardiac arrest is associated with plaque rupture and fresh coronary thrombus or massive pulmonary embolism. Fibrinolysis may also improve cerebral microcirculatory perfusion once a spontaneous circulation has been restored. A planned, prospective, randomized trial may help to define the role of fibrinolysis during out-of-hospital CPR.
Authors:
Jerry P Nolan; Francisco J De Latorre; Petter A Steen; Douglas A Chamberlain; Leo L Bossaert
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in critical care     Volume:  8     ISSN:  1070-5295     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr Opin Crit Care     Publication Date:  2002 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2002-10-18     Completed Date:  2002-11-22     Revised Date:  2005-11-16    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9504454     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Crit Care     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  212-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Advanced Life Support Working Group of the European Resuscitation Council and Royal United Hospital, Combe Park, Bath, UK.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Advanced Cardiac Life Support / methods*,  mortality
Animals
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / administration & dosage*
Critical Care / methods
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Epinephrine / administration & dosage
Female
Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
Heart Arrest / mortality,  therapy*
Humans
Male
Sensitivity and Specificity
Survival Analysis
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
Vasoconstrictor Agents / administration & dosage*
Vasopressins / administration & dosage
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; 0/Fibrinolytic Agents; 0/Vasoconstrictor Agents; 11000-17-2/Vasopressins; 51-43-4/Epinephrine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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