Document Detail


Acute effects of levosimendan on cerebral and systemic perfusion and oxygenation in newborns: an observational study.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20881438     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular drugs play a major role in the pre- and postoperative care in neonates with congenital heart disease. Management strategies aim to optimise contractility, improve diastolic function, maintain adequate preload, and reduce afterload. Levosimendan, a novel inodilator agent, enhances myocardial contractility and causes peripheral and coronary vasodilation.
OBJECTIVES: A systematic approach was used to evaluate the acute haemodynamic effects of levosimendan in critically ill infants with low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS).
METHODS: Infants received a continuous infusion of levosimendan, at a dose increased stepwise (range 0.1-0.2 μg/kg/min), during 48 h. Two near-infrared units were used to assess cerebral (frontal-parietal, c) and peripheral (thigh, p) perfusion and oxygenation. The changes in cerebral blood volume (ΔCBV), cerebral (cΔHbD) and peripheral (pΔHbD) intravascular oxygenation and the cerebral (cTOI) and peripheral (pTOI) tissue oxygenation index that followed levosimendan administration were continuously monitored. Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature were continuously recorded. In addition, baseline and end-of-study pH, blood gases, lactate and haematocrit were determined.
RESULTS: Seven doses of levosimendan were investigated. The mean study time was 13.3 (7-19) h. Levosimendan produced an increase in cΔHbD (p < 0.05) and pΔHbD (NS) and a decrease in heart rate (p < 0.001) and lactate (p < 0.05). Trends showed an increase in mean blood pressure (NS). These results were independent of the effect of time. Mixed linear model analysis identified blood pressure changes and levosimendan as factors independently associated with cΔHbD.
CONCLUSIONS: Levosimendan improves cerebral and systemic perfusion and oxygenation in critically ill infants suffering from LCOS.
Authors:
María Carmen Bravo; María del Carmen Bravo; Paloma López; Fernando Cabañas; Jesús Pérez-Rodríguez; Elia Pérez-Fernández; José Quero; Adelina Pellicer
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2010-09-25
Journal Detail:
Title:  Neonatology     Volume:  99     ISSN:  1661-7819     ISO Abbreviation:  Neonatology     Publication Date:  2011  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-03-30     Completed Date:  2011-08-03     Revised Date:  2011-08-11    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101286577     Medline TA:  Neonatology     Country:  Switzerland    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  217-23     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Affiliation:
Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. m.bravo.laguna@gmail.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Blood Pressure / drug effects
Cardiac Output, Low / drug therapy*,  metabolism
Cardiotonic Agents / administration & dosage*
Cerebrovascular Circulation / drug effects*
Heart Defects, Congenital / metabolism,  surgery
Heart Rate / drug effects,  physiology
Hemoglobins / metabolism
Humans
Hydrazones / administration & dosage*
Infant, Newborn
Lactic Acid / blood
Prospective Studies
Pyridazines / administration & dosage*
Respiration / drug effects
Statistics, Nonparametric
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cardiotonic Agents; 0/Hemoglobins; 0/Hydrazones; 0/Pyridazines; 131741-08-7/simendan; 50-21-5/Lactic Acid
Comments/Corrections
Erratum In:
Neonatology. 2011;99(4):301
Note: Bravo, María del Carmen [corrected to Bravo, María Carmen]; Quero, José [added]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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