Document Detail


Active-site mutations of diphtheria toxin. Tryptophan 50 is a major determinant of NAD affinity.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  8083236     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The two active-site tryptophans of diphtheria toxin, Trp-50 and Trp-153, were individually or jointly replaced with phenylalanine or alanine by directed mutagenesis of a synthetic gene for the toxin's catalytic A fragment. Substitution of Trp-50 with alanine (W50A) decreased the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity by nearly 10(5)-fold and reduced NAD-glycohydrolase activity beyond the limits of our detection. Effects of the W153A mutation on these activities were less dramatic, < 40-fold decrease in ADP-ribosylation and < 10-fold decrease in NAD glycohydrolysis. The W50F and W153F substitutions caused only minimal reductions (< 2-fold) in enzyme activities and NAD affinity. Decreases in affinity for NAD in the initial, ground state complex, as measured by intrinsic protein fluorescence, correlated well with the reductions in enzyme activity. None of the mutations caused greater than a 10-fold decrease in NAD affinity for the ternary Michaelis complex in the ADP-ribosylation reaction; and none caused significant increase in susceptibility to proteolytic digestion by trypsin. The results indicate that Trp-50 is a major determinant of NAD affinity. Also, they identify this residue as a candidate for modification in the development of inactive forms of the toxin for use in vaccine development.
Authors:
B A Wilson; S R Blanke; K A Reich; R J Collier
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of biological chemistry     Volume:  269     ISSN:  0021-9258     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Biol. Chem.     Publication Date:  1994 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1994-10-11     Completed Date:  1994-10-11     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  2985121R     Medline TA:  J Biol Chem     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  23296-301     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Shipley Institute of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Binding Sites / genetics
Diphtheria Toxin / genetics*,  metabolism
Kinetics
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed*
NAD / metabolism*
NAD+ Nucleosidase / metabolism
Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / metabolism
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Tryptophan / metabolism*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
AI08315/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI22021/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI22848/AI/NIAID NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Diphtheria Toxin; 53-84-9/NAD; 73-22-3/Tryptophan; EC 2.4.2.30/Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; EC 3.2.2.5/NAD+ Nucleosidase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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