Document Detail


Abnormalities of membrane transport in hypertension.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  6360883     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In this review, postulated passive and active fluxes of sodium, potassium, and calcium across the sarcolemma of the normal vascular smooth muscle cell are first summarized. Some practical problems encountered in their measurement are also mentioned. The review then considers how these fluxes appear to be altered in various forms of hypertension in animals and humans. Emphasis is given to abnormal fluxes of sodium and potassium due to altered sodium pump activity and permeability. Increasing evidence indicates that sodium retention due to increased sodium intake or decreased sodium excretion causes hypertension by releasing a humoral pressor substance from brain. This substance, which may be the putative natriuretic hormone, inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase and sodium pump activities in blood vessels and heart, thereby increasing contractile activity. In the genetic models of hypertension, the primary defect appears to be increased permeability of the vascular smooth muscle cell wall to sodium; pump activity increases to compensate for the increased inward leak of sodium. This may also be the case in patients with heritable essential hypertension. The possible consequences of super-imposing the sodium pump inhibitor on the primary defect are also considered. This may occur when animals with genetic hypertension or patients with heritable essential hypertension retain sodium subsequent to increased sodium intake and/or decreased ability to excrete sodium. Such superimposition should raise intracellular sodium concentration to high levels since now the pump would not fully compensate for the increased inward leak of sodium.
Authors:
F J Haddy
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Hypertension     Volume:  5     ISSN:  0194-911X     ISO Abbreviation:  Hypertension     Publication Date:    1983 Nov-Dec
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1984-02-14     Completed Date:  1984-02-14     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7906255     Medline TA:  Hypertension     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  V66-72     Citation Subset:  IM    
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Calcium / metabolism*
Cell Membrane / metabolism
Humans
Hypertension / blood,  classification,  genetics,  metabolism*
Hypertension, Renovascular / metabolism
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / metabolism*
Natriuresis
Permeability
Potassium / metabolism*
Rats
Renin / blood
Sarcolemma / metabolism
Sodium / metabolism*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
7440-09-7/Potassium; 7440-23-5/Sodium; 7440-70-2/Calcium; EC 3.4.23.15/Renin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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