| ADHD medication reduces cotinine levels and withdrawal in smokers with ADHD. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21356232 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Individuals with ADHD may self-medicate with nicotine, the main psychoactive ingredient in tobacco smoke, in order to reduce symptoms and negative moods associated with ADHD. ADHD medication (e.g., methylphenidate and atomoxetine) may mimic some of the effects of nicotine and may aid smoking cessation in smokers with ADHD. The present study examined if ADHD medication reduces smoking and withdrawal in non-treatment seeking smokers with ADHD. Fifteen adult smokers with ADHD participated in the study, which consisted of an experimental phase and field monitoring phase to examine the acute and extended effects, respectively, of ADHD medication. During the experimental phase, smokers were asked to complete a Continuous Performance Task (CPT) and the Shiffman-Jarvik smoking withdrawal questionnaire during the following four conditions: (1) ADHD medication+cigarette smoking, (2) ADHD medication+overnight abstinence, (3) placebo+cigarette smoking, and (4) placebo+overnight abstinence. During the field monitoring phase, participants were asked to provide salivary cotinine samples and complete electronic diaries about smoking, smoking urge, ADHD symptoms, and stress in everyday life for two days on ADHD medication and for two days on placebo. Results of the experimental phase showed that ADHD medication improved task performance on the CPT and reduced withdrawal during overnight abstinence. During the field monitoring phase, ADHD medication reduced salivary cotinine levels compared to placebo. In addition, the electronic diary revealed that ADHD medication improved difficulty concentrating during no smoking events and stress. The findings of the present study suggest that, along with other strategies, ADHD medication may be used to aid smoking withdrawal and cessation in smokers with ADHD. |
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Authors:
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Jean-G Gehricke; Nuong Hong; Timothy L Wigal; Vivien Chan; Ashley Doan |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Date: 2011-02-26 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior Volume: 98 ISSN: 1873-5177 ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-03-28 Completed Date: 2011-07-28 Revised Date: 2012-05-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0367050 Medline TA: Pharmacol Biochem Behav Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 485-91 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92612, USA. jgehrick@uci.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / drug therapy* Cotinine / blood* Female Humans Male Placebos Substance Withdrawal Syndrome* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DA018752/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; R03 DA018752-01A2/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; R03 DA018752-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; RR00827/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Placebos; 486-56-6/Cotinine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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