| Secondary immunodeficiencies, including HIV infection. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20042227 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Extrinsic factors can adversely affect immune responses, producing states of secondary immunodeficiency and consequent increased risk of infections. These immunodeficiencies, which can be encountered in routine clinical practice, arise from a number of conditions, such as treatment with glucocorticoids and immunomodulatory drugs, surgery and trauma, extreme environmental conditions, and chronic infections, such as those caused by HIV. The most common cause of immunodeficiency is malnutrition, affecting many communities around the world with restricted access to food resources. Protein-calorie deficiency and micronutrient deficiencies have been shown to alter immune responses; of note, recent progress has been made in the influence of vitamin D deficiency in causing failure of immune activation. Other categories of disease that might present with secondary immunodeficiency include metabolic diseases and genetic multisystemic syndromes. The immune defects observed in secondary immunodeficiency are usually heterogeneous in their clinical presentation, and their prognosis depends on the severity of the immune defect. Management of the primary condition often results in improvement of the immunodeficiency; however, this is sometimes not possible, and the risk of infections can be reduced with prompt antimicrobial treatment and prophylaxis. |
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Authors:
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Javier Chinen; William T Shearer |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2009-12-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Volume: 125 ISSN: 1097-6825 ISO Abbreviation: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Publication Date: 2010 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-02-23 Completed Date: 2010-04-09 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1275002 Medline TA: J Allergy Clin Immunol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: S195-203 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2010 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. jxchinen@texaschildrenshospital.org |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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AIDS Vaccines Antibiotic Prophylaxis* Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / adverse effects Drug Hypersensitivity / complications HIV Infections / drug therapy, immunology*, virology Humans Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / chemically induced Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / etiology, immunology*, physiopathology, therapy Immunosuppression Malnutrition / complications |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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AI27551/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI36211/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI6944I/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; HD41983/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; HD78522/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; HD79533/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; HL72705/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; RR0188/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/AIDS Vaccines |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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