By analyzing public data sets of gene expression in human breast cancers we observed that increased levels of transcripts encoding the planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins SCRIB and VANGL1 correlate with increased risk of patient relapse. Experimentally, we found that reducing expression of SCRIB by short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) reduces the ...

Treatment of breast cancer is complex and challenging due to the heterogeneity of the disease. To avoid significant toxicity and adverse side-effects of chemotherapy in patients who respond poorly, biomarkers predicting therapeutic response are essential. This study has utilized a proteomic approach integrating 2D-DIGE, LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics to analyze the ...

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF super family and has been shown to induce apoptosis in many cancer cell lines but not in normal cells. Breast cancers can be divided into different subgroups based on the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, ...

This study examined differences in cervical and breast cancer (CC and BC) screening among a heterogeneous group of Hispanic women. Data from 247 women (mean age = 38.7 ± 13.3) from Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and countries throughout Central and South America regarding participation in Pap smears, mammography, clinical breast exam (CBE) ...

Breast cancer stem cells (BrCSC) are resistant to common therapeutic modalities including chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal agents. They are thought to contribute to treatment resistance, relapse, and metastases. This study examines the effect of a monoclonal anti-DR5 antibody (TRA-8) and chemotherapy (adriamycin, taxol) on BrCSC populations from basal-like breast cancer ...

Evaluation of: Mazurek N, Byrd JC, Sun Y, Ueno S, Bresalier RS. A galectin-3 sequence polymorphism confers TRAIL sensitivity to human breast cancer cells. Cancer DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26078 (2011) (Epub ahead of print). Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) binds to death receptors expressed on cancer cells and induces apoptosis. Triple-negative ...

MUC16/CA125 is a tumor marker currently used in clinics for the follow-up of patients with ovarian cancer. However, MUC16 expression is not entirely restricted to ovarian malignancies and has been reported in other cancers including breast cancer. Although it is well established as a biomarker, function of MUC16 in cancer ...

PURPOSE: Metastatic breast cancer is a deadly disease which requires new therapeutic strategies. Endogenous tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) functions as a metastasis suppressor by activating proapoptotic TRAIL receptors (TRAIL-R1/DR4 and/or TRAIL-R2/DR5) in transformed cells, making it an attractive pathway for antimetastatic therapies. However, it is unclear whether TRAIL-R1 ...

To determine whether dietary modifications with tomato products and/or a soy supplement affected circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and other markers of cell signaling in postmenopausal women at risk for developing breast cancer. Eligible and consented postmenopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer were enrolled in ...

Abstract Background: Breast cancer-related lymphedema in the arm is commonly detected by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy as an increased inter-arm impedance ratio due to the presence of excess lymph in the at-risk arm relative to that of the unaffected arm. The presence of lymphedema is determined by a value of this ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate comprehensively the effect of a radiotherapy boost on breast cosmetic outcomes after 5 years in patients treated with breast-conserving surgery. METHODS: The St. George and Wollongong trial (NCT00138814) randomized 688 patients with histologically proven Tis-2, N 0-1, M0 carcinoma to the control arm of 50 Gy in ...

In breast cancer cells, the neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) acts as a prosurvival factor able to stimulate resistance to apoptosis, but its mechanism of action remains incompletely defined. In this study, we investigated the global proteome modification induced by p75(NTR) overexpression in breast cancer cells treated by the pro-apoptotic agent tumor ...

To describe the rationale behind the new recommendations for breast cancer screening issued by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The USPSTF reviewed new summary evidence provided by the Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center and the Cancer Intervention Surveillance and Modeling Network about benefits and harms including radiation exposure and ...

Recent controversies over the recommendations for breast cancer screening have created some uncertainty about the best methods of providing this care for women, particularly women at average risk for breast cancer. This article reviews the current recommendations for breast cancer screening from various national organizations and the scientific data behind ...

Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI) groups have low rates of breast and cervical cancer screening. This study examined knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) regarding breast and cervical cancer on AAPI women. A cross-sectional survey of 1,808 AAPI women was included. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were provided and 55.3%, 68.6%, ...

Cancer patients spontaneously generate autoantibodies (AAb) to tumor-derived proteins. To detect AAb, we have probed novel high-density custom protein microarrays (NAPPA) expressing 4988 candidate tumor antigens with sera from patients with early stage breast cancer (IBC), and bound IgG was measured. We used a three-phase serial screening approach. First, a ...

Sonography is an attractive supplement to mammography in breast cancer screening because it is relatively inexpensive, requires no contrast-medium injection, is well tolerated by patients, and is widely available for equipment as compared with MRI. Sonography has been especially valuable for women with mammographically dense breast because it has consistently ...

Recent case-control studies on the effectiveness of population-based breast cancer screening show differences in the magnitude of breast cancer mortality reduction. We investigated the role played by aspects of the case-control study design on these differences, e.g. the definition of cases and exposure to screening. Material and methods: We investigated ...

Breast cancer is a growing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMCs). We explore community health worker (CHW) programs and describe their potential use in LMCs. We use South Africa as an example of how CHWs could improve access to breast health care because of its middle-income status, existing cancer ...

This study evaluated the characteristics of postmenopausal women who initiated on raloxifene, bisphosphonates, and calcitonin, specifically evaluating the use of breast cancer screening or diagnostic procedures prior to initiation of therapy. Women 50 years and older with at least one claim for raloxifene (RLX), bisphosphonates (BIS), or calcitonin (CT) in ...

MCILFATRICK S., TAGGART L. & TRUESDALE-KENNEDY M. (2011) European Journal of Cancer Care20, 412-420 Supporting women with intellectual disabilities to access breast cancer screening: a healthcare professional perspective Cancer prevention has been identified as the most cost-effective strategy for cancer control. This should extend to all groups including women with ...

Randomized controlled mammography screening trials and the evaluation of service screening have unequivocally proven that regular mammography screening significantly reduces mortality from breast cancer. This evidence contradicts the theory of Fisher, claiming that breast cancer is a systemic disease from its inception and undermines the justification for systemic therapy in ...

We sought to estimate the direct cost, from the perspective of the health insurer or purchaser, of breast-care services in the year following a false positive screening mammogram compared with a true negative examination. We identified 21,125 women aged 40 to 80 years enrolled in an integrated healthcare delivery system ...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Egyptian women. However, the mean tumor size at diagnosis is 4.5 cm, and the median age is approximately 46 years. Both of these factors decrease the utility and cost-effectiveness of a mammography-based screening program typically designed for developed countries. We report the ...

This study is to identify an optimal cut-off for two-stage breast cancer screening making allowance for variation of the baseline incidence rate and utility values between sensitivity and specificity. We used data from a two-stage breast cancer screening of Taiwanese women aged 50-69 years for whom risk stratification was based ...

Underutilization of screening mammography by Latinas continues unabated and may contribute to disparities in disease-free survival and mortality. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of two discussion group-centered educational interventions at enhancing breast cancer knowledge, breast self-exams (BSE), and screening mammography. METHODS: Pre-test post-test study design. Two cohorts of 200 Latinas each participated in ...

Few studies have examined social factors related to breast cancer screening in Asian Indian women in the Midwestern US. This cross-sectional, community-based survey utilized constructs of the Health Belief Model to examine factors associated with breast cancer screening among Asian Indian women in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan. Of the 160 participants, ...

Since the 1980s, there has been an increased interest in autogenous fat grafting for breast augmentation. However, concerns over graft survival and interference with breast cancer screening have limited its application. Since its introduction, refinements in harvesting and grafting techniques have improved results. The available literature consists primarily of case ...

The clinical and pathological heterogeneity of breast cancer has instigated efforts to stratify breast cancer sub-types according to molecular profiles. These profiling efforts are now being augmented by large-scale functional screening of breast tumour cell lines, using approaches such as RNA interference. We have developed ROCK ( rock.icr.ac.uk ) to ...

Genetic screens were for long the prerogative of those that studied model organisms. The discovery in 2001 that gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi) can also be brought about in mammalian cells paved the way for large scale loss-of-function genetic screens in higher organisms. In this article, we describe how ...

We designed a case-referent study to investigate the effect of mammographic screening at the individual level, looking at the association of breast cancer death with screening history. The study population included all women aged 50-75 in the province of Limburg, the Netherlands who had been invited to the screening program ...

To evaluate if the screening performance parameters of digital mammography (DM) in a decentralized screening organization were comparable with film-screen mammography (FSM). A nationwide screening program was launched in 2001, and since 2005 screening with DM has been allowed. Firstly, the parameters of the three regional screening units (RSUs) that ...

BACKGROUND: While population-based breast screening for women over the age of 50 years is a generally accepted and proven health strategy, the role of breast screening specifically among women at high risk of familial breast cancer has remained controversial. Indeed, there are very few services specifically offering a breast-screening program ...

Breast density and the use of hormone therapy (HT) for menopausal symptoms alter the risk of breast cancer and both factors influence screening mammography performance. The International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) surveyed its 29 member countries and found that few programs record breast density or the use of HT among ...

This study applied the self-regulation model to examine cognitive and emotional predictors of screening in unaffected women with a strong family history of breast cancer. 748 unaffected female members of an Australian registry of multiple-case breast cancer families formed the sample. Participants completed a baseline psychosocial questionnaire and a screening ...

Mammographic screening is a proven method for reducing breast cancer mortality for women 40 years of age and older, but the best method for implementation of mammographic screening, particularly in the age group 40-49, remains controversial. The author, in an invited review, summarizes the data and offers guidance based on ...

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the United States. A survey regarding the practice, training, and knowledge of breast health maintenance and cancer screening was conducted with a response rate of 59%. Most respondents reported adequate knowledge and that continuing educational efforts were at least adequate. ...

Breast cancer incidence and mortality have been increasing among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women, and their survival rate is the lowest of all racial/ethnic groups. Nevertheless, knowledge of AI/AN women's breast cancer screening practices and their correlates is limited. Using the 2003 California Health Interview Survey, we 1) ...

The incidence of breast cancer in sub-Saharan nations is increasing. There is a worsening scarcity of Human Resource for Health in Uganda in particular and Sub Saharan Africa in general. Resources available for health care are predominantly spent on infectious disease care such as (HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria). These factors ...

The balance between benefits and harms is delicate for cancer screening programs. By attending screening with mammography some women will avoid dying from breast cancer or receive less aggressive treatment. But many more women will be overdiagnosed, receive needless treatment, have a false-positive result, or live more years as a ...

Studies conducted in different areas of North America and Europe showed a 5-10% decline in the incidence of breast cancer following reductions up to 70% in menopause hormone therapy (HT) use after 2002. The observation that the decline was larger in (or limited to) women aged > or =50 years ...

Cervix and Breast cancers are the most common cancers among women worldwide and extract a large toll in developing countries. In May 1998, supported by a grant from the NCI (US), the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, started a cluster-randomized, controlled, screening-trial for cervix and breast cancer using trained primary ...

The UK National Breast Screening Programme is planned to have the age range for invitation to screening expanded from 50-70 to 47-73. At the upper limit, this represents one additional screen taking place in the early 70s. We aimed to estimate the likely effect of this on breast cancer mortality ...

AIM: To investigate whether remodelling of the breast after breast reduction surgery has an effect on mammographic cancer detection. METHODS AND MATERIALS: For women who attended population-based screening between January 1998 to December 2007, data were extracted on their age, history of previous breast reduction, and the result of screening ...

There is debate whether interval carcinomas differ from screen-detected tumours biologically. In this study, clinico-pathological parameters and the expression of well-validated biological markers were compared between 'true' interval carcinomas and screen-detected/missed carcinomas hypothesising that 'true' interval carcinomas show a more aggressive biological behaviour. The study group consisted of 92 consecutive ...

Breast cancer screening constitutes an integral part of surgical practice for many surgeons and is an important tool in the war against breast cancer. Among many modalities, mammography plays a central role, with MRI now being increasingly used for women with high risk for breast cancer. Current guidelines for screening ...

There is a continuing need to monitor and evaluate the impact of organized screening programmes on cancer incidence and mortality. We report results from a programme assessment conducted within the International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) to understand the characteristics of cervical screening programmes within countries that have established population-based breast ...

AIM: This paper is a report of the development and psychometric testing of the Chinese Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire, a culturally sensitive questionnaire for measuring Chinese-Australian women's beliefs, knowledge and attitudes towards breast cancer and breast screening practices. BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity among ...

New recommendations on screening for breast cancer in the USA recently presented by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Society of Breast Imaging and American Council of Radiologists (ACR) provoke some concerns about the optimal screening strategy for breast cancer. USPSTF recommendations published in November 2009 do ...

Digital Image-based Elasto Tomography (DIET) is a non-invasive breast cancer screening modality that induces vibrations into a breast and images its surface motion with digital cameras. Disturbances in the motion are caused by areas of higher stiffness within the breast, potentially cancerous tumors. A concept is presented to detect the ...