First-line surgical options for early stage breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ include breast conserving surgery or mastectomy. We analyzed factors that influence the receipt of mastectomy and resultant trends over time. Registry analysis was carried out for 21,869 women who underwent up-front surgical treatment for stage 0, ...

PURPOSE: Damage to heart and lung from breast radiotherapy is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and lung cancer development. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate which position is best to spare lung and heart from radiotherapy exposure. METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred consecutive Stage 0-IIA breast cancer patients consented ...

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma is a rare malignant pancreatic neoplasm. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report on spontaneous rupture of acinar cell carcinoma. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 39-year-old Azari male presented with a history of sudden onset, acute epigastric pain of 12-h duration. Eight ...

Today there is general awareness of the potential damage to the heart in left-sided (more than in right-sided) breast cancer radiotherapy (RT). Historical changes in tumor and heart doses are presented here along with the impact of different RT techniques and volumes. Individual and pharmacological risk factors are also examined ...

Low cardiac vagal control (CVC) has been associated with state and trait anxiety and anxiety spectrum disorders. Studies indicate that diagnosis and treatments for breast cancer may be associated with anxiety. The current study examined whether CVC prospectively predicted a trajectory of change in anxiety following breast cancer diagnosis. Forty-three ...

A 64-year-old woman named J.G. was diagnosed with a right side, node-negative, HER2-positive, hormone-negative (stage I) breast cancer about eight years ago. Following lumpectomy and sentinel node biopsy, she was referred to a medical oncologist at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center for consultation on the need for adjuvant ...

Adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer using a photon tangential field incurs a risk of late heart and lung toxicity. The use of free breathing (FB), expiration breath hold (EBH), and deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) during tangential breast radiotherapy as a means of reducing irradiated lung and heart volume was ...

Approximately one-fifth of women who develop early breast cancer have HER2-positive tumours, which if untreated, have a worse prognosis than HER2-negative tumours. Trastuzumab is a selective treatment targeting the HER2 pathway. Although the results on efficacy seem to support its use, there are potential cardiac toxicities which need to be ...

Stress enhances glucocorticoid (GC) synthesis, which alters inflammation and immune responses, as well as cellular proliferation and apoptosis in a number of tissues. Increasingly, stress has been associated with cancer progression, and in particular in breast cancer. Consequently, an operational glucocorticoid receptor system in breast tissue influences breast cancer development. ...

Recent experimental evidence support the model in which the simultaneous induction of BMI-1 and USP22 is critical during cancer progression. Whether this model may affect gastric cancer (GC) progression is worthy of additional study. In this study, we examined the significance of the USP22 and BMI-1 expression in GC (n = 219), ...

Drug resistance causes treatment failure in approximately 50% of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) confers drug resistance in cancer cells, and suppression of GCS sensitizes cancers to chemotherapy in preclinical studies. Thus, GCS becomes a potential target to reverse drug resistance; however, little is known ...

Electrosurgical transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate (TURP) has dominated symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (s-BPH) surgical treatment for almost a century. We analysed recent TURP publications, with emphasis on durability, morbidity, new technology advantages, future generation training and malignant disease. TURP has declined due to medical therapy, but transcends other ...

Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate is an endoscopic alternative for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia for men with prostates of any size. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate is superior to other modalities for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. We present the most current literature on ...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (CaP) are major sources of morbidity in older men. Management of these disorders has evolved considerably in recent years. This article provides a focused overview of BPH and CaP management aimed at primary care physicians. Current literature pertaining to BPH and CaP is ...

(1) H MRSI in vivo is increasingly being used to diagnose prostate cancer noninvasively by measurement of the resonance from choline-containing phospholipid metabolites. Although (31) P NMR in vivo or in vitro is potentially an excellent method for probing the phospholipid metabolites prominent in prostate cancer, it has been little ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate if ibuprofen intake can influence mammary uptake of the proliferation-seeking radiotracer technetium 99m-pentavalent dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-(V)DMSA) in women with severe epithelial and atypical epithelial breast hyperplasia. Eight patients with histologically confirmed severe epithelial breast hyperplasia with (n  =  4) and without atypia ...

OBJECTIVES:: To investigate the clinical characteristics of bladder urothelial tumors in male patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS:: The clinical characteristics of 356 patients with newly diagnosed bladder urothelial tumors from July 2005 to January 2010 were analyzed. Characteristics of different age groups were compared. Furthermore, tumor characteristics were analyzed to define ...

A 60-year-old man had incidental finding of a multilobular 8 × 7 × 7-cm mass identified posterior to the urinary bladder in continuity with the prostate. The man's prostate-specific antigen was 1.87, and he denied any lower urinary tract symptoms. A transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy demonstrated benign prostatic tissue. A computed ...

One of the most urgent requirements in prostate cancer diagnosis is the development of a blood-based test which would be able to distinguish prostate cancer from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Previously published results found a significant difference between specific glycan levels in patients with advanced prostate cancer and healthy controls. ...

The safety and efficiency of transurethral laser resection of the prostate to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia have been verified. However, this method does still not manage large volume prostates efficiently. To tackle this problem, we have designed a method of "transurethral dividing vaporesection of prostate" using a 2 micron continuous ...

PURPOSE: Little is known about midlife serum levels of dihydrotestosterone and other androgens before the onset of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in community dwelling older men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured sex steroid hormones between 1984 and 1987 in the Rancho Bernardo Study. Between 1992 and 1996 surviving participants were ...

PURPOSE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common urinary tract disorder that affects aging men. The molecular mechanisms underlying benign prostatic hyperplasia are obscure and the development of animal models to test novel treatment strategies is challenging. We report that the Bio 87.20 hamster strain (Bio Breeders, Watertown, Massachusetts) shows 5α-reductase-sensitive ...

Background. Endometrium carcinoma ranks fourth among female carcinomas. Therefore, early diagnosis of endometrium pre-malignant lesions is emphasised, and attempts are made to identify the risk factors. Since hyperplasias, particularly those with atypia, are held responsible for the development of the most common endometrium carcinomas, it is important to definitely distinguish ...

Serenoa repens is no more effective than placebo in relieving urinary symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, but it appears to be relatively safe.

We aimed to determine the treatment of choice criteria for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by analyzing the factors causing alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker (alpha-blocker) monotherapy failure. This retrospective study enrolled 129 patients with BPH who were prescribed an alpha-blocker. Patients were allocated to a transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) group (after ...

PURPOSE: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate is highly effective for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its steep learning curve the procedure is an efficient treatment, especially for large prostate glands. We determined the change in enucleation efficiency with time with increased operative experience and improved technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: To examine whether androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat length was associated with the risk of incident benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: A nested case-control study of 416 BPH cases and 527 controls drawn from Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial placebo-arm participants who were free of BPH at baseline. BPH was ...

PURPOSE: Complementary and alternative medicine, including phytotherapeutic agents, or those derived from plant or herb extracts to treat symptoms, is widely accepted in the community. Men with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia increasingly use such preparations. Phytotherapeutic agent quality is unregulated and in most instances ...

Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) with a potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) currently represent the most promising new technologies applied to the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) associated with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). The specific laser-light characteristics and the optimal ...

N-glycosylation status of purified beta-haptoglobin separated from sera of patients with prostate cancer was studied in comparison to that of sera from patients with benign prostate diseases, or normal subjects. Two different approaches, as summarized below, one based on binding of lectins and antibodies to beta-haptoglobin, the other on mass ...

Direct current (DC) ablation is a novel non-thermal technology that causes focused coagulative necrosis in the lateral lobes of the prostate to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The necrosis is caused by a zone of non-physiologic pH which is created in a predictable pattern around each electrode in which a ...

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this prospective study was to establish the influence of operative parameters on outcomes after transurethral resection of the prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In this prospective case series study, 89 patients underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. The standardized protocol was used to investigate the impact of ...

To identify and characterize the most frequently cited articles published in Journals dedicated to Urology over the last 50 years. A Pubmed search was performed of all articles published in the 13 most cited urological journals between 1955 and 2009. Articles with more than 100 citations were identified as "classic", ...

PURPOSE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a highly prevalent disease in older men with substantial adverse effects on public health. Classic etiological paradigms for benign prostatic hyperplasia focus on nonmodifiable risk factors. However, obesity also potentially promotes benign prostatic hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a structured, comprehensive literature review to ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the association and possible relationship of prostate inflammation with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer. METHODS: The medical records and pathological findings of all Saudi patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound guided prostatic needle biopsies in King Abdulaziz University Medical City, Jeddah,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from June ...

Lymphoma of the prostate, either primary or secondary, is very rare. We report the case of an 82-year-old man with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction presumably due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). He underwent an uneventful transurethral resection of the prostate. Pathological review of the resected tissue demonstrated substantial infiltration ...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a world-wide common disease in elderly male patients. A number of invasive physiotherapies have been used to replace prostatectomy. In this article we report our hypothesis of using microbubbles-mediated ultrasound cavitation effects to ablate prostatic tissues. Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent is widely used contrast media ...

The high-powered holmium laser is an excellent tool for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. This article discusses the background of holmium use in the prostate and describes the surgical techniques of holmium laser ablation of the prostate and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Operative challenges are reviewed ...

Laser-based treatments have emerged in the past 15 years as an alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Increasing demand for a minimally invasive procedure to alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms with greater efficacy and fewer side effects has led to the ...

We report three cases of stone formation at the prostatic urethra after 80 W potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser ablation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. These complications occurred several months after the procedure. The diagnosis was made by ultrasonography, plain radiography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, and cystoscopy in patients ...

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign lesion consisting of mammary stromal proliferation with anastomosing slits mimicking vascular spaces. Grossly, it most often resembles fibroadenoma, but may commonly be confused with angiosarcoma and other types of benign vascular proliferations. While PASH has been described in female and male adults since ...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L. Moench) on the prostate gland of rats using an experimental model of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The animals were administered 50 mg/kg of extract preparation for 4 and 8 weeks and the prostate mass ...

Histological evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) exceeded 50% in men over 50 years of age and rose to 75% as men entered the eighth decade. Therapeutic options for BPH generally fall into one of the three categories: watchful waiting, medical treatment and surgery. Excluding watchful waiting, the other forms ...

Trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and other minimally invasive therapies are the most common surgical procedures used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia today. However, many patients with a markedly enlarged prostate are often not amenable to these treatment options. In these patients open prostatectomy has been representing a viable ...

Last decade several new treatment modalities for minimal invasive therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia have been developed, both ablative and non-ablative. In this review the authors describe the different techniques and clinical studies of bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral resection in saline (TURis), the different laser therapies ...

PURPOSE: While some studies have indicated that alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia, others have not. We evaluated associations of alcohol consumption with benign prostatic hyperplasia and male lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of published studies pertaining to ...

OBJECTIVE: To analyse retrospectively the morbidity and efficacy of high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy in patients who had a previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Morbidities documented in the records of 32 patients with previous TURP and 106 with no previous TURP, treated with HDR brachytherapy for ...

PURPOSE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia affects 60% of men at the age of 60 years. Transurethral resection of the prostate is the gold standard of therapy. We assessed the 30-day mortality rate after transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia, identified risk factors related to 30-day mortality and developed ...

BACKGROUND: Oct 3/4 (Octamer 3/4), a member of POU family has been considered as an important stem cell marker and essential transcription factor during human embryogenesis. In recent years, there have also been reports on presence of Oct 3/4 in differentiated benign and malignant human cells. The objective of this ...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a complex and progressive disease common in aging men. While associated with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms, it may also result in additional serious complications such as refractory hematuria, acute urinary retention, and BPH-related surgery. Medical therapy has been offered as an approach to halt ...