The case of a Hickman catheter-related bacteremia caused by Gordonia sputi in a patient with breast cancer is presented. Blood cultures grew a Gram-positive rod, susceptible to several antimicrobials, subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Gordonia sputi. The infection resolved after successful treatment with antibiotics and catheter removal.

This study examined the promoter methylation of APO-1/CD95 (Fas) gene in bladder urothelial carcinoma and analyzed the relationship between the Fas promoter methylation and the biological behavior of bladder cancer. Promoter methylation of Fas gene was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in 4 bladder cancer cell lines, 50 human bladder ...

Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy was evaluated as at-line technique to predict FA profile of chicken breast directly at the slaughterhouse. Intact breasts of 214 chickens were scanned by applying a fiber optic probe to the Pectoralis superficialis muscle. Meat samples were analyzed by gas chromatography as the reference method ...

To investigate the status of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in bladder tumors and evaluate its prognostic significance, we immunohistochemically examined the expression of FAS in normal urothelium, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and urothelial carcinoma (UC) in cystectomized bladder. In normal urothelium, only the surface layer expressed FAS, whereas the protein ...

The putative cancer preventive agent 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) is formed in the acidic environment of the stomach following consumption of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), which is present in vegetables of the Brassica genus. We have recently shown that the transcription factor Sp1 is involved in the regulation of both proliferation and de novo ...

Fanconi anemia (FA) associated genes [FANCA, -B, -C, FANCD1(BRCA2), -D2, -E, -F, -G, -I, -L, -M, FANCN (PALB2), FANCJ(BRIP1) and FA-linked BRCA1] encode proteins of DNA damage response pathways mutated in FA patients. FA is characterized by congenital malformations, chromosomal instability and high cancer susceptibility. FA patients have a 500-700 ...

We describe the case of a 74-year-old male patient with synchronous double primary lung cancers: adenocarcinoma in the right lower lobe and squamous cell carcinoma in the left upper lobe (LUL). These tumors were difficult to differentiate radiographically from a single metastatic primary cancer, but their eventual diagnoses were triggered ...

A series of seven platinum(II) cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato (cbdc) complexes {[Pt(cbdc)(L(n))(2)], 1-7}, derived from carboplatin by a substitution of two NH(3) molecules for two 2,6,9-trisubstituted 6-benzylaminopurine-based N-donor ligands (L(n)), was studied by the MTT assay for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against seven human cancer cell lines, i.e. lung carcinoma (A549), cervix ...

The hook-wire technique is used to guide surgical excision of nonpalpable breast lesions. Recently, isotope has been used to guide the excision, and when sentinel node biopsy is performed during the same operation, the procedure is termed Sentinel Node and Occult Lesion Localization (SNOLL). We evaluated the use of this ...

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare cutaneous malignancy that is most frequently found in the eyelids with an estimated risk of regional lymph node metastasis in the 8% to 14% range. The authors have previously reported the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy and microscopically positive sentinel lymph nodes in various ...

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification using intradermal micro-bubbles and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been recently reported in swine models and patients with breast cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics of intradermally administered microbubbles as they travel to draining SLNs in pigs. We also performed a ...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the coverage of axillary nodal volumes with high tangent fields (HTF) in breast radiotherapy and to determine the utility of customised blocking. The treatment plans of 30 consecutive patients with early breast cancer were evaluated. The prescription dose was 50 Gy to ...

Axillary nodal status is the most important prognostic indicator which in turn influences adjuvant therapy and long term outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare total nodal yields from primary axillary lymph node dissection (pALND) with completion ALND after a cancer positive SLNB: either concurrently (cALND) following intra-operative ...

At present, early breast cancer is treated with conservative surgery of the primary lesion (BCS) along with axillary staging by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Although the scintigraphic method is standardized, its surgical application is different for patient compliance, work organization, costs, and diagnosis related group (DRG) reimbursements. We compared ...

BACKGROUND: The exact anatomical location of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in the axilla has not ascertained clinically, but could be useful both for teaching purposes and to reduce the morbidity of SLN biopsy. The aim of the study was to determine the position of the SLN in the axilla ...

Phyllodes tumor (PT) consists of stroma of variable grading and benign ductal epithelium. Although exceptional, carcinomas that arise from the epithelium in PTs do exist, and seem to behave less aggressively than the usually encountered breast carcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, among the invasive carcinomas that have arisen ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the value of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) nomogram for individual decision making in a Dutch cohort of women with breast cancer with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) but at low risk of additional nodal metastases. METHODS: Data were ...

Previous plastic surgery procedures such as breast augmentation or reduction mammoplasty can potentially alter the lymphatic drainage of the breast. The purpose of this study is to determine the success rates of sentinel node lymphatic mapping in patients with previous plastic surgical procedures of the breast. A total of 83 ...

BACKGROUND: Women with breast cancer and a positive axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) are recommended to undergo complete axillary lymph node dissection; however, further nodal disease is not always present. Mathematical models have been constructed to determine the risk of metastatic disease; three of these were evaluated independently. METHODS: Data ...

Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is uncommon and associated with better prognosis than mixed mucinous breast carcinoma (MMBC). A micropapillary pattern in PMBC has been identified although its prognostic significance is questionable. A retrospective review of 100 cases of mucinous carcinoma diagnosed between 2000 and 2009 was conducted. Two broad ...

To evaluate the accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography (US) and US-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) for detecting axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis. We retrospectively reviewed 382 breast cancer patients with clinically negative ALN who underwent US and/or US-FNA for ALN. US-FNA of ALN was performed in 121 patients with suspicious findings on ...

The axillary nodal status is accepted as the most powerful prognostic tool available for early stage breast cancer. In the past radical removal of level I and level II lymph nodes at axillary node dissection (ALND) has been the most accurate method to assess nodal status, and it is the ...

BACKGROUND: The potential for reducing the need for second surgery for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has made the intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) attractive. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the clinical application of the breast lymph node (BLN) assay, a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase ...

This study compared the effectiveness of Tc-99m human polyclonal immunoglobulin (HIG) and Tc-99m nanocolloid at detecting sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) with lymphoscintigraphy and an intraoperative gamma-probe (IGP) in patients with early breast cancer. The study group consisted of 50 women; 25 patients each were given Tc-99m HIG or Tc-99m nanocolloid ...

Sentinel lymph node biopsy has evolved as the surgical procedure of choice for women with clinically negative axillae, as part of an effort to move toward the less invasive surgical management of breast cancer. Axillary lymph node dissection remains the standard of care for patients with a positive axillary node ...

CONTEXT: The sensitivity of an intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node metastasis of invasive lobular carcinoma using conventional staining is low. OBJECTIVE: To develop a fast, modified, Alcian blue stain to decrease the intraoperative false-negative results in testing for metastatic invasive lobular carcinoma. DESIGN: Modified Alcian blue was optimized. Patients ...

To address the clinical relevance of molecular detection of occult breast cancer in sentinel lymph nodes and nonsentinel axillary lymph nodes (ALN), we initiated the Minimally Invasive Molecular Staging of Breast Cancer (MIMS) trial, a multi-institutional prospective cohort study. This trial represents the first prospective cohort study in which a ...

We compare long-term outcomes in patients with node negative early stage breast cancer treated with breast radiotherapy (RT) without the axillary RT field after sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We hypothesize that though tangential RT was delivered to the breast tissue, it at least ...

Guidelines recommend sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) for patients with clinical stage I/IIA/IIB breast cancer; however, a significant fraction of patients do not undergo this procedure. We sought to identify factors associated with noncompliance with the SLND benchmark in early-stage breast cancer. All patients with an initial diagnosis of Stage ...

Our objective was to evaluate intraoperative sentinel node touch imprint cytology (IOSNTI) for breast cancer. Three hundred and fifty-five patients with invasive breast cancer (pT1N0, lobular or ductal subtype) were included in our study. IOSNTI consists of touching glass slides to the surfaces of interest after gently pressing the spatially ...

Accurate intraoperative pathologic examination of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) has been an important tool that can reduce the need for reoperations in patients with SLN-positive breast cancer. The objective of the current study was to determine the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section (IFS) of SLNs during breast cancer surgery. The ...

When Carl Langer described the aberrant axillary arch in 1846 its relevance in sentinel node biopsy (SNB) surgery could not have been contemplated. The authors define an incidence and elucidate relevance of the arch in SNB of the axilla. A review of a database for breast and melanoma axillary SNB ...

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is the standard procedure for axillary node staging in breast cancer. Improvements in histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry have recently increased the rate of detection of lymph nodal micrometastases. The clinical implications and prognostic significance of micrometastases in SLN still remain a controversial issue. Literature review ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is the standard of care in patients with tumor-positive sentinel nodes (SN). However, approximately half of these patients do not have additional metastases in their axilla and therefore do not benefit from completion ALND. Our aim was to examine the outcome of ...

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) reduces the morbidity of axillary clearance and is the standard of care for patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer. The ability to analyse the sentinel node during surgery enables a decision to be made whether to proceed to full axillary clearance during primary surgery, thus ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in sentinel lymph node and serum of breast cancer patients in order to evaluate their clinical significance and usefulness as diagnostic tumour markers. Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was performed on sentinel lymph node by immunohistochemistry ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of imprint cytology (IC) in detecting residual axillary metastasis following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in order to check its feasibility on sentinel nodes in the posttherapy setting in patients with breast carcinoma STUDY DESIGN: Thirty women on NACT for locally advanced breast cancer were subjected to ...

The status of axillary lymph nodes is a key prognostic indicator in patients with breast cancer and helps guide patient management. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is increasingly being used as a less morbid alternative to axillary lymph node dissection. However, when sentinel lymph node biopsy is positive, axillary dissection is ...

To determine the false-negative rate of axillary ultrasonography (US) with respect to stage N2 and N3 metastatic disease in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. The study was approved by the institutional review board and complied with the HIPAA; the requirement for informed consent was waived. A retrospective search of ...

In approximately half of patients with breast cancer and lymph node metastases, the sentinel node (SN) is the only involved axillary node. Scoring systems have been developed to predict probability of non-SN metastases among those with a positive SN. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the ...

Axillary node status is the most important prognostic indicator for patients with invasive breast cancer. Sentinel lymph-node biopsy (SLNB) is widely accepted and the preferred procedure for identifying lymph-node metastasis. SLNB allows focused excision and pathological examination of the most likely axillary lymph nodes to receive tumor metastases while avoiding ...

The sentinel node is defined as the first lymph node in a regional basin that receives lymph flow from the primary tumor. There is still a controversy over deep versus superficial injection administration in the breast. From June 2006 to June 2008, 133 patients with biopsy proven breast carcinoma and ...

To predict the likelihood of ≥4 pathologically positive axillary nodes in breast cancer patients by computed tomography (CT) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Inclusion criteria for the 97 patients reviewed were lymph nodes (LNs) pathologically proved positive with standard level I-II axillary dissection, contrast-enhanced CT was performed before surgery, contralateral breast ...

Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for axillary staging in breast cancer allows the application of more extensive pathologic examination techniques. Micrometastases are being detected more often, however, coinciding with stage migration. Besides assessing the prognostic relevance of micrometastases and the need for administering adjuvant systemic and regional therapies, there still seems ...

Sentinel lymph node resection (SNR) may reduce morbidity while providing the same clinical utility as conventional axillary dissection (AD). National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-32 is a randomized phase III trial comparing SNR immediately followed by AD (SNAD) to SNR and subsequent AD if SN is positive. ...

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel node metastases enables an immediate decision to proceed to axillary lymph node dissection, avoiding a second operation in node-positive women with breast cancer. METHODS: An optical scanner was developed that interrogated the cut surface of bivalved, but otherwise unprocessed, sentinel lymph nodes with pulses of ...

To assess the long-term safety of no axillary clearance in elderly patients with breast cancer and nonpalpable axillary nodes. Lymph node evaluation in elderly patients with early breast cancer and clinically negative axillary nodes is controversial. Our randomized trial with 5-year follow-up showed no breast cancer mortality advantage for axillary ...

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been generally adopted as an alternative procedure to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for node staging. ALND remains the standard management of the axilla when a tumor-positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) is identified. However, further analysis has demonstrated that in 40-70% of cases with ...

Measurement of the quality of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has not been reported beyond the false-negative rate and sentinel lymph node identification rate. This study's purpose is to determine the feasibility of measuring 11 quality indicators (QIs) that were recently developed using a modified Delphi process. All patients who ...

The goal of this study was to establish the feasibility of sentinel node biopsy in patients with recurrent prostate cancer after initial local treatment and to compare lymphatic drainage patterns of the treated versus untreated prostate. In ten patients with a proven local recurrence after initial local treatment (four external ...