A systematic examination of the braces commonly used in Europe lacks in literature. Therefore the objective of this report is the description of the European braces widely used. The history, design rationale, indications, biomechanics, outcomes and comparison between some braces are reported. Chêneau Brace is used in France and other ...

It has been well documented that subjects with peripheral neuropathy resulting from diabetes mellitus are at high risk of developing foot ulceration. Decreased sensation, in combination with high underfoot pressures, have been identified as prime etiology factors in the cause of plantar naturopathic ulceration [1]. This study presents the effect ...

The joint deformity that arises as a result of Charcot neuroarthropathy, leads to gait modification. Ulceration risk associated with the deformity is generally assessed by measuring plantar pressure magnitude (PPM). However, as PPM is partially dependent on gait speed and treatment interventions may impact speed, the use of PPM to ...

Exogenous crosslinking was proved to improve the fatigue resistance of anulus fibrosus and the stability of motion segment. The effect of crosslinking on the recovery of stab-injured discs, however, was less studied. The purpose of this study is to find if the exogenous crosslinking can increase the mechanical function of ...

Arterial pressure waveforms contain important diagnostic and physiological information since their contour depends on a healthy cardiovascular system 1. A sensor was placed at the measured artery and some contact pressure was used to measure the pressure waveform. However, where is the location of the sensor just about enough to ...

Plantar pressure systems are increasingly being used to evaluate foot function in both research settings and in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of the TekScan MatScan(R) system in assessing plantar forces and pressures during barefoot level walking. Thirty participants were assessed for the ...

During milking, the teat is loaded because of a combination of vacuum and pressure of the collapsing liner. It is assumed that pressure concentrations tend to cause teat-end injuries and hyperkeratosis. The pressure distribution on the bovine teat was measured to test the hypothesis that the pressures of the collapsed ...

The measurement of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of the foot is a controversial issue in orthopedics. Several methods have been developed to define and determine the MLA, but none of them are universally accepted. The purpose of this study was to compare some statically obtained radiographic angles with the ...

The three main influence factors on the interface between textile electrode an skin are: temperature, contact pressure and relative humidity. This paper presents first results of a prototype, which measures these local measurement conditions around textile electrodes. The wearable prototype is a data acquisition system based on a microcontroller with ...

BACKGROUND: We examined how a soft shell hip protector affects the magnitude and distribution of force to the hip during simulated falls, and how the protective effect depends on the fall direction and the amount of soft tissue padding over the hip. METHODS: Fourteen young women with either high or ...

This article presents the development of a prototype insole derived from natural rubber from Hevea brasiliensis, equipped with pressure control and capable of neoformation of tissue for people who have diabetic foot. The active element of this insole is the electronic circuit that monitors the plantar pressure. In addition, on ...

Decreases in patellofemoral pain have been demonstrated with bracing; however, the mechanisms of pain reduction remain unclear. Our purpose was to evaluate the hypothesis that patellofemoral bracing decreases peak pressure on the retropatellar surface through an increase in patellofemoral contact area. Nine cadaveric knees were tested during simulated free-speed walking ...

This study compared three different foot-pressure measurement methods to investigate whether these measurement methods could or should be used interchangeably. In-shoe pressure measurements using F-Scan system, shod and unshod pressure measurements using the MatScan system were taken for each of the 21 healthy subjects while performing walking trials using a ...

PURPOSE: To measure pressure within the carpal tunnel (intracarpal tunnel pressures) in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and determine the effect of quantified active hand use on both the magnitude and location of peak pressures, before and after division of the transverse carpal ligament. METHODS: We measured intracarpal tunnel pressures ...

HYPOTHESIS: Our hypothesis was that tightening of the posterior capsule would lead to increased subacromial pressure and increased superior translation during active abduction in the scapular plane. BACKGROUND: Subacromial impingement syndrome is a painful condition that occurs during overhead activities as the rotator cuff is compressed in the subacromial space. ...

Indians are the largest single ethnic minority group in the United Kingdom and form more than one million of the current population. No studies have investigated foot pressure differences between Caucasians and Indians. The aim of our study was to investigate the in-shoe pressure differences in Caucasians and Indians using ...

BACKGROUND: Tightness of the posteroinferior capsule is assumed to be the cause of internal rotation loss in baseball pitchers. Although the relationship between posterior capsule and subacromial impingement has been recognized, this relationship during the baseball-pitching motion is unclear. HYPOTHESIS: Contact pressure during baseball-pitching motion increases with posterior capsule tightness. ...

Kage H, Okuda M, Nakamura I, Kunitsugu I, Sugiyama S, Hobara T. Measuring methods for functional reach test: comparison of 1-arm reach and 2-arm reach. OBJECTIVES: To investigate which functional reach test better reflects the center of pressure excursion, a 1-arm reach or a 2-arm reach, and to investigate the ...

To highlight the capacity of one- and two-legged standing protocols when assessing postural behavior induced by a rigid ankle orthosis, 14 healthy individuals stood upright barefoot and wore either an elastic stocking on the preferred leg or a rigid orthosis with or without additional taping in one- or two-legged (TL) ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: An implantable, freestanding, minimally invasive, intervertebral disc pressure sensor would vastly improve the knowledge of spinal biomechanics and the understanding of spinal disease. Additionally, it would improve clinical indications for surgical interventions in disc-related pathology. Adaptation of current commercially available materials, technology, and microfabrication techniques may now make ...

To assess the effectiveness of the Barouk(®) second-generation postoperative forefoot relief shoes during appropriate use of the shoe on healthy subjects. A convenience sample of 35 volunteer subjects (17 women, 18 men) was recruited to participate in this study. Dynamic foot loading was evaluated with inshoe plantar pressure measurements. Subjects ...

The purpose of our study was to examine dynamic foot function during gait as it relates to plantar loading in individuals with DM (diabetes mellitus and neuropathy) compared to matched control subjects. Foot mobility during gait was examined using a multi-segment kinematic model, and plantar loading was measured using a ...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of increased horizontal abduction with maximum external rotation, as occurs during the late cocking phase of throwing motion, on shoulder internal impingement. HYPOTHESIS: An increase in glenohumeral horizontal abduction will cause overlap of the rotator cuff insertion with respect ...

The purpose of this study was to use a validated capacitive pressure (Novel Electronics, Inc, St Paul, Minn) in the measurement and distribution of patellofemoral forces and pressures during simulated operative procedures. Six fresh frozen cadaver knees were evaluated through a range of motion and observations recorded in native knees ...

There is no published data about mask features that impact skin contact pressure during mask ventilation. To investigate the physical factors of skin contact pressure formation. We measured masks with original and reduced air cushion size and recorded contact pressure. We determined cushion contact and mask areas by planimetric measurements. ...

OBJECTIVE: In human subjects, leg amputation impairs upright quiet-stance control. The inability to exert appropriate force reactions under the amputated leg and a slight weight-bearing asymmetry cause the amputee to develop compensatory mechanisms through the sound leg. This study is aimed at assessing these mechanisms and the influence of the ...

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate the result of radial tears at the root of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PHMM) in terms of tibiofemoral contact mechanics and the effectiveness of pullout sutures for such tears. METHODS: Eleven mature pig knees each underwent 15 different testing conditions with ...

Metatarsalgia due to increased plantar pressure under the metatarsal head (MTH) is often seen with wearing high-heeled shoes. However, the concomitant soft tissue strain has not been well discussed. The objective of our study was to explore the standing plantar pressure and corresponding soft tissue strain under the metatarsal heads ...

AIMS: The recurrence of foot ulcers is a significant problem in people with diabetic neuropathy. The purpose of this study was to measure in-shoe plantar pressures and other characteristics in a group of neuropathic patients with diabetes who had prior foot ulcers which had remained healed. METHODS: This was an ...

The estimation of the trajectory of the centre of pressure during gait is possible without using force plate by modelling the whole body as a multi-segment chain. The kinematics and inertial parameters of each segment are necessary to determine the ground reaction forces and moments. The position of the centre ...

Purpose. To investigate static upper eyelid pressure and contact with the ocular surface in a group of young adult subjects. Methods. Static upper eyelid pressure was measured for 11 subjects using a piezoresistive pressure sensor attached to a rigid contact lens. Measures of eyelid pressure were derived from an active ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the time-zero mechanical and footprint properties of a suture-bridge technique for rotator cuff repair in an animal model. Thirty fresh-frozen sheep shoulders were randomly assigned among three investigation groups: (1) cyclic loading, (2) load-to-failure testing, and (3) tendon-bone interface contact pressure measurement. ...

Surface pressures and shear forces were measured in order to clarify the mechanism leading to the development of a pressure ulcer at five sites on the body during the operation of a bed (bed) using a device for simultaneously measuring pressure and shear force. Changes of shear force and pressure ...

Static and dynamic loading of the foot are important characteristics for understanding human walking in both health and disease. The goal of this investigation was to determine whether an objective measure of normal midstance loading of the foot could reliably be recorded using readily available disposable qualitative recording devices. Ten ...

Dynamic plantar pressure images are routinely used in clinical gait assessment, and peak pressure, mean pressure, and pressure-time integral are the most frequently used parameters to summarize these images. Many studies report only one parameter, but other studies report all three. The interdependency of these variables has not been explicitly ...

The anatomical basis for the surgical techniques used to treat tarsal tunnel syndrome is not well studied. The authors sought to evaluate their hypotheses that (1) pronation and pronation with plantar flexion of the intact foot would have higher pressures than the intact foot in other positions; (2) decompression surgery ...

BACKGROUND: Tears of the posterior root of the medial meniscus are becoming increasingly recognized. They can cause rapidly progressive arthritis, yet their biomechanical effects are not understood. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of posterior root tears of the medial meniscus and their repairs on tibiofemoral ...

Patellofemoral kinematics after a limited resurfacing of the trochlea was investigated. Patellofemoral contact pressure, area, and force were measured for intact state; after creation of a 20-mm full-thickness trochlear defect; and after trochlear resurfacing implant (Arthrosurface) in serial flexion positions (45 degrees, 60 degrees, 75 degrees). In the defect state, ...

INTRODUCTION: The objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of fl at insoles, bone spur pads, pre-fabricated orthotics and customised orthotics in reducing plantar contact pressure of subjects with plantar fasciitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a controlled non-blinded comparative study conducted in a tertiary medical institute. Thirty ...

We investigated the biomechanics of the radiocapitate joint after a proximal row carpectomy in six fresh-frozen cadaver wrists using super-low-pressure-sensitive film on a material testing system. The average pressure within the lunate fossa increased significantly from 23.2 to 136.4 N/cm(2) with a sharp decrease in the contact area from 2.08 ...

Despite the differences in materials, racing flats have begun to be used not only for racing, but also for daily training. As there are data suggesting a gender difference in overuse injuries in runners, shoe choice may affect loading patterns during running. The purpose was to determine differences in plantar ...

Modern pressure plates (PP) could be an alternative to traditional force plates (FP) for quantitative equine gait analysis, thereby providing the clinician with objective data on the horse's gait while unravelling the loading of different regions of the hoof during the stance phase. The aim of this study was to ...

BACKGROUND: The technological advances that have been made in developing highly functional prostheses are promising for very active patients but we do not yet know whether they cause an increase in biomechanical load along with possibly negative consequences for pressure conditions in the socket. Therefore, this study monitored the socket ...

This study was done to evaluate the correlation between carpal tunnel pressure (CTP), electrodiagnostic and ultrasonographic findings in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). CTP was measured during endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) for CTS using Spiegelberg ICP monitoring device with parenchymal type catheter. Neurophysiologic severity and nerve cross sectional ...

AIM: A wheelchair seat and position help clients perform daily activities. The comfort of the wheelchair can encourage clients to participate in daily activities and can help prevent future complications. PURPOSE: This study evaluates how a shaped seat-cushion and two different back supports affect under-seat pressure, comfort, and pelvic rotation. ...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the effects of two low-Dye and two high-Dye strapping techniques that are commonly used to treat pronatory sequelae. METHODS: Plantar pressure distribution in normal adults with a pronated foot type was assessed with a commercially available pressure platform system. Twenty study participants first walked across the ...

Plantar lesions induced by biomechanical dysfunction pose a considerable socioeconomic health care challenge, and failure to detect lesions early can have significant effects on patient prognoses. Most of the previous works on plantar lesion identification employed the analysis of biomechanical microenvironment variables like pressure and thermal fields. This paper focuses ...

A six week clinical surveillance of 163 patients receiving maximally tolerable doses of Asparagus P((R)), a proprietary mixture pulversied dried asparagus root and parsley leaf, has not indicated any clinically useful antihypertensive effect. The profile of adverse events (with 7 patients leaving the surveillance early because of renally related complaints) ...

The wrist joint is loaded not only while applying a proximally directed load but also, less obviously, while carrying a handbag. Ulnar shortening reduces pressure and relieves pain in the ulnocarpal joint. The present study evaluated the pressure distribution in the wrist joints with ulnar shortening and lengthening when applying ...

The aim of present study was to investigate clinical, electrodiagnostic and pedobarographic findings of non-amputee limb in chronic leprotic patients with unilateral trans-tibial amputation to determine neuropathy and plantar foot pressure in non-amputee limb. During the present prospective cross-sectional study, 10 chronic leprotic patients with unilateral trans-tibial amputation were evaluated. ...