Aluminium-silicon alloy, an important material used for the construction of internal combustion engines, exhibit pressure induced distinct regimes of wear and friction; ultra-mild and mild. In this work the alloy is slid lubricated against a spherical steel pin at contact pressures characteristic of the two test regimes, at a very ...

Action-prone patients are difficult for most analysts to treat. The author describes patients who act in treatment by pressuring themselves and the analyst to get rid of what is wrong, to change the imperative, life-and-death qualities of need into something else. Viewing neediness in treatment as narcissistic defensive action helps ...

Complicated hypertension can be influenced by the characteristics of hypertensive patients. To associate the condition of complicated hypertension with biosocial variables such as attitudes and beliefs about the disease and treatment and subjective well-being. We studied 251 uncomplicated hypertensive patients (SBP > 140 mmHg and/or 90 < DBP < 110 ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between fore- and hind-hoof contact area and limb loading. Data from a previous study on forelimb loading and symmetry were compared with data on hindlimb kinetics, and the fore- and hind-hoof contact area at the walk and trot was evaluated. ...

The primary aim was to study the effect of naturopathy and yoga interventions in treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. The variables of interest were measured at the beginning and end of the intervention using a pre-post design. The study was conducted by INYS medical research society in Jindal Nature ...

Portal hypertension is key to the natural history of cirrhosis. The standard way to assess portal hypertension is the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG). HVPG has been convincingly shown to be a strong predictor of variceal bleeding and survival. In addition, it has been shown to predict other portal hypertension-related ...

Plantar fasciitis is the third most frequent injury in runners. Despite its high prevalence, its pathogenesis remains inconclusive. The literature reports overload as the basic mechanism for its development. However, the way that these plantar loads are distributed on the foot surface of runners with plantar fasciitis and the effects ...

In vivo experimental study. The primary objective of the study was to investigate pressure transmission to adjacent discs during discography. A secondary objective was to quantify the transmitted pressure, both in contrast injected and noninjected porcine intervertebral discs. Discography is used to before surgery identify painful discs. A pain response ...

The development of an electronic skin is critical to the realization of artificial intelligence that comes into direct contact with humans, and to biomedical applications such as prosthetic skin. To mimic the tactile sensing properties of natural skin, large arrays of pixel pressure sensors on a flexible and stretchable substrate ...

Previous studies have documented increased posteromedial contact forces with the elbow at lower flexion angles associated with valgus extension overload; however, the authors believe that posteromedial elbow impingement in association with valgus laxity is a complex pathological process that may occur throughout the entire throwing motion in the form of ...

Tendon transfers and calcaneal osteotomies are commonly used to treat symptoms related to medial ankle arthrosis in fixed pes cavovarus. However, the relative effect of these osteotomies in terms of lateralizing the ground contact point of the hindfoot and redistributing ankle joint contact stresses are unknown. Pes cavovarus with fixed ...

This study aimed at examining the influence of different playing surfaces on in-shoe loading patterns in each foot (back and front) separately during the first serve in tennis. Ten competitive tennis players completed randomly five first (ie, flat) serves on two different playing surfaces: clay vs GreenSet. Maximum and mean ...

This paper presents direct measurements of the aerodynamic forces on the wing of a free-flying, insect-like ornithopter that was modeled on a hawk moth (Manduca sexta). A micro differential pressure sensor was fabricated with micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) technology and attached to the wing of the ornithopter. The sensor ...

Forces acting on the body via various external surfaces during locomotion are needed to support the body under gravity, control posture, and overcome inertia. Examples include the forces acting on the body via the seating surfaces during wheelchair propulsion, the forces acting on the plantar foot tissues via the insole ...

Although the relationship between contact area and pressure under physiological loading has been described in the feline patellofemoral joint, this interaction has only been examined under simplified loading conditions and/or considerably lower forces than those occurring during demanding activities in humans. We hypothesized that patellofemoral contact area increases non-linearly under ...

BACKGROUND: The human heel pad is a complex biological structure consisting of the fat pad and the skin. The mechanical properties of the skin layer are of significant importance to the load-bearing function of the heel pad and human locomotion. The condition of the heel skin is also directly associated ...

During walking on a treadmill 10 human subjects (mean age 20 years) were perturbed by 100 ms pushes or pulls to the left or the right, of various magnitudes and in various phases of the gait cycle. Balance was maintained by (1) a stepping strategy (synergy), in which the foot ...

Shoulder motion after rotator cuff repair may result in changes in tension and contact pressure at the repair site. Our goal was to determine how tension and motion affect a repair and what type of repair best tolerates these variables. Rotator cuff tears were created ex vivo in 30 ovine ...

The roles of antagonistic activation of abdominal muscles and of intra-abdominal pressurization remain enigmatic, but are thought to be associated with both spinal unloading and spinal stabilization in activities such as lifting. Biomechanical analyses are needed to understand the function of intra-abdominal pressurization because of the anatomical and physiological complexity, ...

BACKGROUND: Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is indicated for severe osteoarthritis or as a revision of failed treatment for hallux valgus. The literature suggests that an optimum fused dorsiflexion angle is between 20 degrees and 25 degrees from the axis of the first metatarsal. The purpose of this study ...

This study was designed to assess the repeatability of the Emed® ST2 system and identify the range of pressure values observed in the normal foot. Measurements were taken from twenty-three healthy subjects, 14 females and 9 males, on two occasions 7 days apart. Begin of contact (BC), end of contact ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether transtendon repair by use of a novel small-diameter knotless anchor showed enhanced mechanical properties compared with tear completion and repair. METHODS: Articular-sided partial-thickness tears were created ex vivo in the infraspinatus of 24 ovine shoulders. The specimens were randomized into ...

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic, progressive joint inflammation; it commonly affects the joints of the feet. Biomechanical alterations and daily pain in the foot are the common outcomes of the disease. Earlier studies focusing on plantar pressure in such patients reported increased vertical loading along with ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of four lacing patterns (one regular, one tight, and two seven-eyelet lacings) on dorsal foot pressures during running and the perception of comfort and stability with 14 male rearfoot runners. By using a pressure insole, peak dorsal pressures were measured ...

Articular cartilage injury can occur after meniscal repair with biodegradable implants. Previous contact pressure analyses of the knee have been based on the tibial side of the meniscus at limited knee flexion angles. We investigated articular contact pressures on the posterior femoral condyle with different knee flexion angles and surgical ...

While podobarometric techniques have been applied to the study of pressures in Hallux Valgus (HV), little is known about its clinical and radiological determinants. So, the aim of the present study was to determine the plantar pressure pattern in participants with mild HV, comparing to a control group, and their ...

OBJECTIVE: Mechanoreceptors from the foot sole likely contribute in the reflex regulations. Therefore, it was hypothesized that repetitive low threshold afferents stimulation would have an inhibitory effect on the soleus H-reflexes. METHODS: Sixteen normal subjects voluntarily, participated in the study and were randomly allocated. Subjects were remained in prone position. ...

In Japan, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) became covered by health insurance in April 2008. In The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH2009), the importance of 24-h blood pressure monitoring was also described in an additional section. Therefore, ABPM may be increasingly applied in hypertension ...

This study aimed to use the plantar pressure insole for estimating the three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) as well as the frictional torque (T(F)) during walking. Eleven subjects, six healthy and five patients with ankle disease participated in the study while wearing pressure insoles during several walking trials on a ...

This study examines stress transmitted to anatomic landmarks of the knee (patella, combined patella tendon and tibial tubercle) while in static kneeling postures without kneepads and while wearing two kneepads commonly worn in the mining industry. Ten subjects (7 male, 3 female) simulated postures utilized in low-seam mines: kneeling in ...

An in vitro inflation test method was developed to characterize the mechanical behavior of the bovine posterior sclera. The method used digital image correlation to provide a spatially resolved, full-field deformation map of the surface of the posterior sclera in response to controlled pressurization. A series of experiments were performed ...

Modern concepts in the postoperative treatment of first metatarsal osteotomies include special shoes that should decrease stress in the forefoot region. The purpose of this study was to determine plantar pressure distribution, wearing characteristics and stress-reducing effectiveness of five different types of commonly used postoperative shoes. Additionally, we wanted to ...

The purpose of this investigation was to vary the load on the patellar tendon bar and to study the subsequent effect this has on the pattern of the pressure distribution at the stump-socket interface. Ten male subjects from the Southern General Hospital in Glasgow, UK participated in this study. Measuring ...

In-shoe loading patterns were examined in each foot (back and front) separately during two types of tennis serve [first (or flat) and second (or twist) serve] and two service stance styles [foot-up (back foot is moved forward next to front foot for push-off) and foot-back (feet remain at the same ...

BACKGROUND: The menisci are integral to normal knee function. The purpose of this study was to measure the contact pressures transmitted to the medial tibial plateau under physiological loads as a function of the percentage of the meniscus involved by the radial tear or repair. Our hypotheses were that (1) ...

A common plantar pressure analysis technique requires dividing the pressure distribution into regions based on key landmarks of the foot. Typically, this is done using visual inspection of the footprint and is subject to error when there is abnormal foot contact. A novel, robust method of synchronizing motion capture and ...

The aim of the present study was to examine if perceived normative pressure (i.e., perception of the normative expectations of family and friends regarding one's intergroup attitudes) had a direct impact on majority youth's (N = 93) explicit attitudes and moderated the relationship between their implicit (measured with the ST-IAT) ...

The aim of this work was to dynamically study pressure variations exerted by elastic compression stockings during walking. While study participants walked, the pressure variations at the interface between elastic stockings and the skin were measured dynamically. Three healthy individuals wearing 10/20 and 20/30 elastic compression stockings manufactured by Sigvaris((R)) ...

Foot progression angle (FPA) and duration of foot medial column loading during walking were studied in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), peripheral neuropathy (PN), and a forefoot ulcer (DMPN), and in age-matched control subjects. FPA was calculated from EMED-ST P-2 pressure maps as the angle formed between the longitudinal axis ...

A hydrostatic thrust bearing operating at a pressure of 130 MPa and with a coefficient of friction rising to 0.004 in 6 days is described. It consists of interleaved oil-coated Mylar and brass sheets, each 0.1 mm thick. At this pressure, the Mylar deforms to reveal a pool of lubricant ...

Physiological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under loading or knee malalignment conditions has not been thoroughly investigated. We assessed the influence of static loading and knee alignment on T2 (transverse relaxation time) mapping of the knee femoral cartilage of porcine knee joints using a non-metallic pressure device. Ten porcine knee joints ...

Little is known about the prevalence of hypertension in São Paulo, Brazil. To identify the prevalence of self-reported hypertension in the city of São Paulo. There were 613 telephone interviews using directories of household land-lines. The sample was calculated with an estimated prevalence of hypertension in 20.0%. The prevalence of ...

Football players wear boots of varying cleat designs with some preferring the bladed cleats while others opting for the conventional studded cleats. The current study compares biomechanically the boots with differing cleat designs and their effect on feet, if any. Twenty-nine healthy male volunteers were recruited from amateur football teams. ...

Aim of the present study was to investigate the association between osteopathic treatment and hypertension. The design was a non-randomized trial including consecutive subjects affected by hypertension and vascular alterations, using pre-post differences in intima-media thickness, systolic and diastolic blood pressure as primary endpoints. Statistical analysis was based on univariate ...

A micromachined pressure sensor based on an array of microswitches is presented. The pressure sensor consists of a silicon substrate that has a thin metal-deposited diaphragm and indium tin oxide (ITO)-based switch arrays patterned on a Pyrex glass. When pressure is applied to the thin diaphragm through a small tube, ...

Resistant hypertension is a major opportunity for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Despite widespread dissemination of consensus guidelines, most patients are uncontrolled with approaches that assume that all patients are the same. Causes of resistant hypertension include 1) non-compliance 2) consumption of substances that aggravate hypertension (such as salt, alcohol, nonsteroidal ...

BACKGROUND: We sought to determine whether symptomatic medial knee osteoarthritis is associated with aberrant loading across the foot during gait. METHODS: Twenty-five individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis were compared with 25 controls. Knee radiographs and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index questionnaires were obtained. Participants walked barefoot over pressure ...

There is limited literature available to assess the impact of talar component rotation on total ankle contact biomechanics. Six male cadaveric below-knee specimens were implanted with Agility(R) total ankles. The sequence of talar rotation for each specimen was randomized between: Neutral, 7.5 degrees internal and 7.5 degrees external rotation. Contact ...

Equinus is characterized by reduced dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, but there is a lack of consensus regarding criteria for definition and diagnosis. This review examines the literature relating to the definition, assessment, diagnosis, prevalence, and complications of equinus. Articles on equinus and assessment of ankle joint range of motion ...

OBJECT: Sore throat, dysphagia, and dysphonia are very common after anterior cervical surgery; clinical studies show an incidence of up to 60% or more. Neural, mucosal, or muscular injuries during dissection or retraction are regularly discussed, but investigations are few. Retraction pressure causing ischemia might explain these complications. A new ...