The effectiveness of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) in the treatment of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease is assessed in this review by taking a comprehensive approach to interpreting the randomized clinical trial (RCT) results in the context of the available ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and safety and toxicity information. HS ...

Magnetization as a function of applied pressure up to 10.16 kbar and magnetic field were obtained for layered [Ru(2)(O(2)CBu(t))(4)](3)[M(CN)(6)]·2H(2)O (M = Cr, Fe). For M = Fe, the T(c) increased by 13% from 6.1 to 6.9 K with a significant increase in the coercive field, H(cr), from 5 to 65 ...

BACKGROUND: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess whether nebivolol (NEB), a vasodilatory β(1)-selective blocker, is a safe and efficacious monotherapy for individuals with systolic stage II hypertension. METHODS: In this multicenter trial, ...

QUESTION In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, does intensive blood pressure (BP) control improve clinical outcomes more than standard BP control? REVIEW SCOPE Included studies compared antihypertensive therapies to achieve prespecified BP targets in adults who had type 2 diabetes, and assessed ≥ 1 of mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), or ...

BACKGROUND: The AGnES-concept (GP-supporting, community-based, e-health-assisted, systemic intervention) includes the delegation of general practitioner (GP)-home visits to qualified practice assistants, especially in underserved areas. Most visited patients were elderly, multimorbid patients with limited mobility. We analyzed a subgroup of hypertension patients to assess the proportion of patients with controlled hypertension, ...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the acute manifestation of a progressive disease of the cerebral small vessels. The severity of this disease seems to influence not only risk of ICH but also the size of the hematoma. As the burden of high blood pressure-related alleles is associated with both hypertension-related end-organ ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Proper blood pressure control during surgical procedures such as total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is considered critical to good outcome. There is poor understanding of the pre-operative risk factors for poor intra-operative hemodynamic control. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for poor hemodynamic control during ...

The lattice thermal conductivity (κ_{lat}) of MgSiO_{3} perovskite (Mg-Pv) under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions was computed based on the ab initio anharmonic lattice dynamics method with the density functional perturbation theory. κ_{lat} of Mg-Pv is found to increase with increasing pressure from 9.8 (at 23.5 GPa) to 43.6  W m^{-1} K^{-1} (at 136 GPa) at 300 K, ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether high blood pressure (BP) levels are associated with faster decline in specific cognitive domains. DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort. SETTING: Uniform Data Set of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging Alzheimer's Disease Centers. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand three hundred eighty-five participants with a diagnosis of ...

The link between both high and low blood pressure (BP) levels and cognitive impairment in later life has been reported in several studies. The mechanisms for this link are unclear but may be related to abnormalities in brain blood flow control. Our previous work has shown that cerebral autoregulation (CA) ...

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) catalyzes the inactivation of cortisol (F) to cortisone (E) in aldosterone target tissues, thereby protects mineralocorticoid receptor from F. Failure of 11β-HSD2 function is the basis of apparent mineralocorticoid excess, and its mild disturbances are suggested to lead to hypertension. The aim of the study ...

Dietary behavior can worsen or prevent hypertension. However, data on the association between dietary behavior and the risk of hypertension in Asians are limited. The aim of this study was to determine these associations in Japanese male workers. We conducted a prospective study of 30-71-year-old Japanese male workers in Osaka, ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between arterial stiffness and left ventricular filling pressure in an apparently healthy Korean population. METHODS: A total of 115 healthy subjects without known cardiovascular risk factors or overt heart disease who underwent both transthoracic echocardiography and brachial-ankle pulse ...

BACKGROUND:Massive hemorrhage during craniofacial surgery is common and often results in hypovolemia and hypotension. We conducted this study to assess the effect of the addition of routine central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring on the incidence of intraoperative hypotension and to evaluate the relationship between CVP and hypotension in this population.METHODS:Data ...

Hypertension (HTN) is quantitatively the major cardiovascular risk factor and responsible for ∼50% of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure (BP) is also a classical complex genetic trait with heritability estimates of 30-50%. Although much is known about BP regulation, the intrinsic origin of essential HTN remains obscure although many ...

Blood pressure (BP) is a heritable determinant of risk for cardiovascular disease. To investigate genetic associations with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP), we genotyped ∼50,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that capture variation in ∼2,100 candidate genes for cardiovascular phenotypes in 61,619 ...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), an important component of insulin resistance and cardiovascular (CV) risk, is defined by 3 or more of the following characteristics: abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia. Based on the previously published age- and sex-mediated DESIR (Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance ...

BACKGROUND The milk-derived peptides isoleucine-proline-proline (IPP) and valine-proline- proline (VPP) have been shown to reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP). This decrease is convincingly shown in subjects of Asian origin, but less consistent results have been obtained in European populations. METHODS A meta-analysis was conducted in accord with the Preferred Reporting ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure, and increase in ventricular size (VS). Observations in laboratory animals suggest intraventricular pulse pressure (systolic-diastolic) may play a role in ventricular enlargement. METHODS: Initial magnetic resonance (MR) scans and vascular risk factors evaluation were performed in 1812 ...

Reductions in mobility and cognitive function linked to accrual of brain microvascular disease related white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging can occur in older hypertensive patients in as little as 2 years. We have designed a trial evaluating 2 levels of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) control in individuals ...

Objectives. This study investigated race differences in the relationship between formal volunteering and hypertension prevalence among middle-aged and older adults.Method. Using data from the 2004 and 2006 Health and Retirement Study (N = 5,666; 677 African Americans and 4,989 whites), we examined regression models stratified by race to estimate relationships ...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a strong and independent risk factor for the development of hypertension, particularly resistant hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Patients with resistant hypertension have a high prevalence of OSA in association with elevated aldosterone levels, high salt intake, and salt-sensitivity of blood pressure. OBJECTIVES: Determine ...

BACKGROUND:: Prevalence of hypertension in HIV infection is high and information on blood pressure control in HIV-infected individuals is insufficient. We modeled blood pressure over time and the risk for cardiovascular events in hypertensive HIV-infected individuals METHODS:: All patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study with confirmed hypertension (systolic or ...

The incidence of hypertension is increasing every year. Blood pressure (BP) control is an important therapeutic goal for the slowing of progression as well as for the prevention of Cardiovascular disease. The management of hypertension in the high cardiovascular risk population remains a real challenge as the population continues to ...

Objective: Morning hypertension is currently the blind spot in the clinical practice of hypertension, home 24-hour blood pressure measurement has been recommended in patients with a high clinic blood pressure and patients with target organ damage.Aim: To assess whether an increased early morning blood pressure surge, established via a single ...

The aim of this study was to identify meteorological factors that could be associated with an increased risk of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease (LD) in two Swiss regions. Retrospective epidemiological study using discriminant analysis and multivariable Poisson regression. We analysed legionellosis cases notified between January 2003 and December 2007 and we ...

Objective. This study evaluated the prevalence, awareness, and type of treatment for hypertension in Brazil in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods. This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study that was conducted from December 2008 to December 2010 in 28 public clinics located in 20 Brazilian cities. Results. A total ...

Hypertension has been recognized as a health concern for developing countries. However, there are no current nationwide surveys on the prevalence of hypertension in China (the latest nationwide survey was ten years ago). The goal of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of hypertension in Chinese cities. We ...

: Inhabitants of developing countries such as those in North Africa have experienced lifestyle changes that have increased the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the Epidemiological Trial of Hypertension in North Africa (ETHNA) was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical profile of hypertension in a large sample of ...

The aims of this paper were to estimate the prevalence rates of self-reported high blood pressure among adults in urban and rural environments in Brazil and identify possible associations stratified according to household location. Data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) was used, incorporating information from the sampling ...

Background: A low ankle-brachial pressure index (an ABPI value <0.90) is considered predictive of cardiovascular disease, and is widely thought to increase morbidity and mortality in the elderly. However, good nutrition is beneficial both for the health and the ability to resist and recover from the disease. Objective: The aim ...

Study rationale: Veterinary practitioners often perform geriatric health screening in cats. Unfortunately, scientific information regarding clinical and laboratory abnormalities and normal blood pressure values in elderly cats is scarce. This prospective study evaluated routine health screening tests in apparently healthy middle-aged and old cats. Protocol: One hundred cats of 6 ...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for the development of hypertension. However the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on lowering systemic blood pressure (BP) in OSA patients has been conflicting. Oral appliance (OA) therapy is an important alternative therapy to CPAP for patients with mild ...

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major public health threat, particularly in developing countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, the scarcity of reliable data on NCDs in the general population makes it difficult to develop efficient prevention strategies. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of 4 cardiometabolic NCDs ...

Hypertension is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Management of hypertension is generally based on office blood pressure since it is easy to determine. Since casual blood pressure readings in the office are influenced by various factors, they do not represent basal blood pressure. Dipping of the blood ...

To determine the effects of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure, hormones, and lipids. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Hypertension Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and reference list of relevant articles. Randomised trials with a modest reduction in salt intake and duration ...

In 2005, it was estimated that hypertension affected 26.4% of the adult population worldwide. By 2025, it is predicted that it will affect about 60% of adults, a total of 1.56 billion. Both pre- and postnatal growth patterns have been associated with later blood pressure (BP), but in contrasting directions. ...

To assess the effect of decreased sodium intake on blood pressure, related cardiovascular diseases, and potential adverse effects such as changes in blood lipids, catecholamine levels, and renal function. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Latin American ...

The effect of fruit juice on serum cholesterol and blood pressure in humans has generated inconsistent results. We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effect of fruit juice on serum cholesterol and blood pressure in adults. We performed a strategic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (updated to ...

High blood pressure represents a major public health problem. Worldwide, approximately one fourth of the adult population has hypertension. Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest a linkage between hyperuricemia and hypertension. Hyperuricemia affects 25-40 % of patients with untreated hypertension. A much lower prevalence has been reported in normotensives or in ...

Background. Few studies have shown that self-reported secondhand smoke exposure in never smokers is associated with high blood pressure. However, there are no studies investigating the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure, measured objectively by serum cotinine levels, and high blood pressure in never smokers. Methods. We examined never smokers (n ...

Background. A paradoxical increase in cardiovascular events has been reported with intensively lowering diastolic blood pressure (DBP). This J-curve phenomenon has challenged the aggressive lowering of blood pressure, especially in patients with coronary artery disease. Objective. Our objective was to study the effects of low DBP on mortality and determine ...

The fitness of any organisms includes the survival and reproductive rate of adults and the survival of their offspring. Environmental selection pressures might not affect these two aspects of an organism equally. Assuming that an organism first allocates its limited resources to maintain its survival under environmental selection pressure, our ...

To conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analyses to fill the gaps in knowledge on potassium intake and health. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature Database, and the reference lists of previous reviews. ...

The purpose of this work was to describe the efficacy and safety of a telmisartan 80 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg (T80/H25) single-pill combination therapy in patients with moderate-severe hypertension (mean seated trough cuff systolic blood pressure [BP] ≥ 160 mmHg and diastolic BP ≥ 100 mmHg) in specific patient ...

A reduction in salt intake lowers blood pressure (BP) and, thereby, reduces cardiovascular risk. A recent meta-analysis by Graudal implied that salt reduction had adverse effects on hormones and lipids which might mitigate any benefit that occurs with BP reduction. However, Graudal's meta-analysis included a large number of very short-term ...

Significant renal artery stenosis (RAS) may lead to left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic function (DF) impairment through complex mechanisms: activation of cytokines and/or systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) increase. To assess interrelations between LV mass (LVM), DF and cytokines in patients undergoing renal artery stenting (PTA, percutaneous ...

This study was designed to assess the effects of moxonidine on blood pressure and aspects of the metabolic syndrome in racially diverse population of patients encountered in routine medical practice. Physicians collected data on a minimum of three consecutive patients with uncontrolled essential hypertension and criteria for metabolic syndrome, eligible ...

Hypertension is an important and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Over the last decade, national-levels of controlled hypertension have increased, but little information on hypertension prevalence and trends in hypertension treatment and control exists at the county-level. We estimate trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of ...

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies usually detect common genetic variants with low-to-medium effect sizes. Many contributing variants are not revealed, since they fail to reach significance after strong correction for multiple comparisons. The WTCCC study for hypertension, for example, failed to identify genome-wide significant associations. We hypothesized that genetic variation in ...