Mean arterial pressure fluctuates depending on physical or psychological activity, but should be stable at rest at around 100 mmHg throughout an entire life in human. The causes of hypertension and the blood pressure regulation mechanisms have been discussed for a long time, and many aspects have recently become more clear. ...

Psychological states of anticipation modulate biological stress responsivity. While researchers generally investigate how subjective distress corresponds to the magnitude of stress reactivity, physiological recovery after acute stressors must also be considered when investigating disease vulnerabilities. This study assessed whether anticipatory stress would correspond to stress reactivity and recovery of salivary ...

BACKGROUND: Esophageal myotomy using submucosal endoscopy with mucosal safety flap (SEMF) has been proposed as a new treatment of achalasia. In this technique, a partial-thickness myotomy (PTM) preserving the longitudinal outer esophageal muscular layer is advocated, which is different from the usual full-thickness myotomy (FTM) performed surgically. The aim of ...

BACKGROUND: Diaphragmatic muscular remodeling is caused by various conditions and was mainly studied in pulmonary pathologies and chronic alterations of intra-thoracic pressure. We investigate the effect of the chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on the diaphragm by morphological and biochemical analysis. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were divided into control and study ...

We performed in vitro evaluation of a novel, disposable, automatic hands-free tracheostoma speech valve for laryngectomy patients based upon the principle of inhalation. The commercially available automatic speech valves close upon strong exhalation and open again when the pressure drops. This method makes long sentences or pauses difficult. The novel ...

Hypertension is a major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, but several other common conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), osteoporosis, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), have been shown to independently increase the risk of CV events and death. The physiological basis for an increased CV risk in those conditions probably ...

The possible effects on body weight of chewing gum on a regular schedule have not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We conducted an 8-week RCT in 201 overweight and obese adults to test the hypothesis that receiving printed material on good nutrition and chewing gum for a ...

To evaluate the usefulness of intravesical pressure as a prognostic indicator in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. In 25 cases, bladder pressure was measured intraoperatively during repair. Cases were divided into three groups according to the intravesical pressure. Group 1: pressure <10 cm (n.9), Group 2: 10-15 cm (n.11) and Group 3: ...

Objectives  Millions of people in the developing world may suffer from pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) because of preexisting infectious conditions. Schistosomiasis can cause pulmonary lesions that eventually lead to PHTN. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PHTN together with assessment of right ventricular (RV) function in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The effect of ethnicity on the prevalence and management of hypertension and associated chronic kidney (CKD) disease in the UK is unknown. METHODS: We performed a cross sectional study of 49,203 adults with hypertension to establish the prevalence and management of hypertension and associated CKD by ethnicity. Routinely ...

A 52-year-old man with a family history of multiple aneurysms presented with the gradual onset of generalized headaches and bilateral sixth nerve palsies. Following intravenous contrast, MRI revealed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement consistent with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Lack of any postural component to the headaches and repeatedly normal opening pressures ...

PURPOSE: To compare survival, oxygenation, ventilation, and hemodynamic variables achieved with chest compressions or ventilation plus chest compressions. METHODS: This randomized experimental study was conducted in the experimental department of a university hospital. Thirty infant pigs with asphyxial cardiac arrest were randomized into two groups of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): group ...

Visit-to-visit clinic blood pressure variability (BPV) and 24-h BPV have both been identified as independent risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality; however, the mechanisms contributing to the increased CV risk as yet are unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between BPV and endothelial ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate respiratory muscle strength in boys who practice swimming or indoor soccer and in their sedentary counterparts. Seventy-five 7- and 8-year-old boys were included; 25 were swimmers (group 1), 25 played indoor soccer (group 2), and 25 were sedentary (group 3). All subjects ...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and the prevalence of stroke are increasing in the Middle East and North Africa. This study aims to quantify the contribution of hypertension to the development of stroke at the country-level by calculating the sex-specific population attributable fraction (PAFs). METHODS: The most recent sex-specific prevalence data was used, ...

Whether self-presentation is involved in the choking process remains unknown. The purpose of the current study was to determine the role of self-presentation concerns on the frequency of choking within the context of a recently proposed self-presentation model. Experienced field hockey players (N = 45) were randomly assigned to one ...

Alterations of the intracranial pressure (ICP) may be present in several conditions. The aim of this brief review is to focus on two relatively rare conditions characterized by alterations in cerebro-spinal fluid dynamics-Spontaneous Intracranial hypotension (SIH) and Idiopathic Intracranial hypertension (IIH)-in which headache is one of the key symptoms. The ...

PURPOSE: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a rare condition characterized by raised intracranial pressure (ICP) without related pathology in either the brain or the composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Herein, we provide a brief review of the clinical presentation of IIH and the anesthetic considerations in parturients diagnosed with the ...

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a rare condition caused by spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak and volume depletion. It is initially misdiagnosed as a cause of an orthostatic headache, which is the most important symptom of the syndrome. It can be presented as one of four types: classic form, normal pressure form, ...

Once believed an exceedingly rare disorder, recent evidence suggests that low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure headache has to be considered an important cause of new daily persistent headaches, particularly among young and middle-aged individuals. Treatment of low CSF pressure headache consists of non-invasive/conservative measures and invasive measures with epidural blood ...

Body dissatisfaction is an important correlate of dysfunctional eating. In the present study (N=208) the primary aim was to test whether women's internal and autonomous motivation can protect against endorsements of societal pressures regarding the ideal female body and against body dissatisfaction. Additionally, the role of others' autonomy support was ...

: To evaluate a graded treadmill test for retest reliability (RTR) and interrater reliability (IRR) in the evaluation of the physiologic effects of symptom exacerbation from concussion. : Prospective case series (RTR) and blinded rater assessment of 10 actors portraying patients with and without symptom exacerbation (IRR). : University Sports ...

The relationship between blood pressure and headache in youth has not been explored and the objective of the present study was to provide data on this association in an adolescent population. Cross-sectional data from a large population-based survey, the Young-HUNT study, on 5,847 adolescents were used to evaluate the association ...

To estimate the prevalence of hypertension-migraine comorbidity; to determine their demographic and clinical characteristics versus patients with hypertension or migraine alone; and to see whether a history of cerebrovascular events was more common in the comorbidity group. The MIRACLES, multicenter, cross-sectional, survey included 2973 patients with a known diagnosis of ...

Medical treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension is often ineffective. Cerebrospinal fluid diversion or optic nerve sheath fenestration is employed when medical therapy fails. Here, we describe a case of a 13-year-old girl with idiopathic intracranial hypertension refractory to long-term trials of acetazolamide and furosemide at maximally tolerated doses. After declining ...

Coarctation of aorta (COA) in adults usually manifests as uncontrolled severe hypertension, which may cause symptoms of heart failure, headaches, epistaxis, or aortic dissection. We report an unusual case of coarctation of the aorta in a young male associated with normal blood pressure.

AIMS: To evaluate whether changes in opening detrusor pressure (ODP) are associated with resolution of overactive bladder symptoms in women undergoing surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse. METHODS: Forty women with DO and OAB together with anterior wall prolapse who underwent a repair between 2003 and 2007 were studied. Each ...

In the vast majority of cases the cause for hypertension is not known. On the basis of observations from black and multiethnic populations, it has been hypothesized that a genetically high tissue creatine kinase activity may be an independent factor responsible for primary hypertension. If the relation between creatine kinase ...

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of thunderclap headache and blurred vision. At the time of presentation, her blood pressure was 219/100 mmHg, her arterial pH was 7.64 and her potassium level was 2.7 mM/l. The combination of sequential computed tomography (CT) and the triad of hypertension, ...

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ischemic neurodegeneration, of the petrosal ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve, and BP fluctuations, after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL and Twenty-four rabbits had their blood pressure and heart rhythms studied daily over 20 days. Then, the histopathology of the petrosal ...

The progression of hypertensive involvement toward heart failure includes myocardial fibrosis and changes of left ventricular (LV) geometry. In the presence of these abnormalities, diastolic abnormalities occur and are defined as LV diastolic dysfunction (DD). They include alterations of both relaxation and filling, precede alterations of chamber systolic function and ...

This study explored the relationships between perceived sociocultural pressure to fulfill the thin beauty ideal, body distress, and the presence of eating disorder symptoms. Participants were 437 Chilean adolescent girls from Arica, northern Chile, aged 13-18. Results showed significant associations between perceived pressure from social agents to be thin and ...

Women have lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels than men during early adulthood. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) tends to be just marginally lower in women than men regardless of age. Aims of this study were (i) to determine 95th percentile value of SBP, DBP, and mean arterial blood pressure in ...

Background  Although most of the patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have mucosal and structural changes that could potentially explain their symptoms, it is unclear whether EoE is associated with abnormal esophageal motor function. The aims of this study were to evaluate the esophageal pressure topography (EPT) findings in EoE and ...

Pedometer programs can increase physical activity in sedentary individuals, a population that is at risk for developing metabolic syndrome and each of its individual components. Although the popular 10,000 steps/day recommendation has shown to induce many favorable health benefits, it may be out of reach for sedentary individuals. This study ...

Reasons for performing the study: Similar to human decubitus ulcers, local high pressure points from ill-fitting saddles induce perfusion disturbances of different degrees resulting in tissue hypoxia and alteration in sweat production. Objective: To relate the different clinical manifestations of saddle sores to the magnitude of saddle pressures at the ...

In this case report, we document the clinical course, laboratory findings, and imaging findings of a 21-year-old pregnant woman with multiple paragangliomas due to a succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) mutation. We also review the literature on previously reported cases. The patient presented with nausea, palpitations, angina, and amenorrhea. Her blood ...

Objectives To describe the effects of low-dose hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) on quality of life, metabolic parameters and blood pressure in postmenopausal women. Methods Postmenopausal women untreated with HRT or sex steroids in the previous 12 months were randomized to treatment with 17β-estradiol (1 mg/day) plus drospirenone (2 mg/day) (E2+DRSP) or to calcium (controls). ...

The link between changes in a subject's metabolic syndrome components and her estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated in healthy Japanese women. We used data for 53 Japanese women (46.0±10.9 years) with a 1-year follow up. eGFR was defined by a new equation developed for Japan. There were no ...

The purpose of this study was to describe a new method for assessing ovarian vascularization using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC)-high-definition flow (HDF). Thirty healthy premenopausal fertile women were assessed in the follicular part of the menstrual cycle by transvaginal sonography. A 4-dimensional STIC-HDF volume was obtained from the nondominant ovary ...

Paragangliomas (extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas) are rare tumors originating in the autonomic nervous system, whose clinical manifestations are the result of excessive production of catecholamines. The classic triad of palpitations, headache, and diaphoresis associated with hypertension (HT), elevated serum and urine catecholamine levels, and visualization of the mass on imaging tests, enables ...

BACKGROUND: Offspring of women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular complications later in life, but the mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear. Our aim was to examine whether adjusting for birth weight and familial adiposity changed the association of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with offspring ...

Objective. To determine if hemodynamic profiling using noninvasive impedance cardiography (ICG) reliably identifies the patient with severe (SPRE) or superimposed (SuPRE) preeclampsia. Methods. Late gestation hypertensive pregnant patients underwent immediate ICG evaluation. Findings were compared between patients subsequently achieving or not achieving American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria for ...

OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated the safety, efficacy and acceptability of Implanon (etonogestrel) subdermal implant contraceptive amongst its acceptors. STUDY DESIGN: This was part of an on going prospective longitudinal study that involved 32 women out of 46 sexually active healthy informed volunteers recruited from our family planning clinic between February ...

Purpose: This study examined whether rural women, who had a high prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension upon enrollment in a wellness program, would also have a high prevalence of other cardiovascular disease risk factors such as low fitness and/or dyslipidemia. Methods: Data were analyzed from 225 rural women, ages 50-69, ...

Respiratory muscle pressures have been gaining increasing interest because of prognostic value. The study aim was to acquire reference values for respiratory pressures in a large-scale population-based survey--the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). One thousand eight hundred and nine participants (885 men) of a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey, called 'Study ...

The authors evaluated the risk for pregnancy-related hypertension among previously healthy women who conceived within 5 years of exposure to drinking water contaminated with Escherichia coli O157.H7 in Walkerton, Canada (2000). Chronic hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure >/=140/90 mm Hg before 20 weeks gestation; gestational hypertension was defined ...

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that increased maternal calcium intake during pregnancy may result in lower offspring blood pressure, prompting calls for more robust data in this field, particularly in settings of habitually low calcium intake. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the effect of maternal calcium supplementation on blood pressure in ...

Background Previous studies of the effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) on blood pressure have yielded inconsistent results. Objectives To examine the impact of HT on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure. Methods A total of 67 postmenopausal Korean women (age 57.1 ± 5.7 years) received 2 months of HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625 ...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between menopause and hypertension has been a topic of investigation for several years. In the pathogenesis of hypertension after menopause, metabolic disturbances play an important role. AIM: To assess the relationship between adipocytokines and blood pressure, lipid and glucose metabolism in middle-aged perimenopausal women with essential hypertension. ...