To test the hypothesis that hypertension, high blood pressure, and high pulse pressure (PP) are independently associated with lower cognitive function. Cross-sectional study of persons examined in 1988 to 1994. U.S. noninstitutionalized population. Six thousand one hundred sixty-three men and women aged 60 and older who participated in the Third ...

This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between gestational age and systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in childhood. Blood pressure was measured in 483 schoolchildren, free from cardiovascular disease, aged between 6 and 16 years. Pulse pressure was estimated as the difference between the 24-h mean systolic and diastolic blood ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate plasma levels of angiogenic factors and their association with preeclampsia. METHODS: Twenty-three women with preeclampsia and nine normotensive pregnant women from the Maternity of Hospital das Clínicas of Belo Horizonte/MG-Brazil were assessed by National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Creteria (NHBPEPWG). The plasma levels of ...

Preeclampsia occurs in 3-14% of pregnancies and is defined by maternal hypertension with proteinurea, generally associated with edema, coagulation abnormalities, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The conditions can lead to eclampsia, characterized by hyperreflexia and convulsions. Several organs are afflicted by the condition, most importantly the liver and kidneys. The direct ...

The onset of menopause marks a pivotal time in which the incidence of hypertension and of cardiovascular disease (CVD) begins to increase dramatically in women. Before menopause, the incidences of these diseases are significantly lower in women than in age-matched men. After menopause, the rates of these diseases in women ...

BACKGROUND: To explore the possibility of serum leptin being a marker of severity of pre-eclampsia, so that risk of imminent eclampsia and eclampsia can be reduced. METHODS: This observational study was conducted at a private hospital of Hyderabad from 31st July to 1st December 2007. Forty primipara with same age, ...

INTRODUCTION: Cadmium induces hypertension in animal models. Epidemiologic studies of cadmium exposure and hypertension, however, have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association of blood and urine cadmium with blood pressure levels and with the prevalence of hypertension in U.S. adults who participated in the 1999-2004 National Health ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the cardiovascular risk factors in users of second generation contraceptives by recording changes in body mass index, blood pressure and electrocardiogram. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The National Institute of Fertility Research Centers at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center and PIB Maternity Home Karachi, from ...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of symptomatic autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and asymptomatic autonomic dysreflexia (silent AD) in men with spinal cord injury (SCI) undergoing sperm retrieval procedures. DESIGN: Descriptive study. METHODS: Thirteen men underwent cardiovascular monitoring during vibrostimulation (or self-stimulation) to the point of ejaculation. Cardiovascular results were compared with ...

Hypertension accelerates the age-associated increase in aortic root diameter (AoD), likely because of chronically elevated distending pressures. However, the pulsatile component of blood pressure may have a different relationship with AoD. We sought to assess the relationship between AoD and pulse pressure (PP) while accounting for left ventricular and central ...

BACKGROUND: Non-dipping pattern of circadian blood pressure in preeclampsia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The pathogenetic mechanisms of this relationship are still unclear. We investigated whether non-dipping in preeclampsia could relate to endothelial activation or damage. METHODS: Participants, 20 women with normal pregnancy (mean age 29.9 ...

OBJECTIVES: Equol, a gut bacterial metabolite of the isoflavone daidzein, has been associated with beneficial health effects. Recent studies indicate that women with intestinal capacity to convert daidzein to equol also have the capacity to alter steroid metabolism and bioavailability of estrogens. METHODS: We evaluated whether individual equol production capability, ...

There is a suggestion that acute dehydration in childhood may lead to elevated blood pressure. We examined if episodes of diarrhoea in childhood, a recognized proxy for acute dehydration, were related to measured blood pressure and coronary heart disease in older adults. Data were pooled from two prospective UK cohort ...

The primary objective is to verify the relation between job strain and clinic blood pressure in a working population from the Milan municipality (1,909 men, 3,786 women) enrolled from 1992 to 1996. Job strain was investigated through the Karasek model. Clinic blood pressure was evaluated using standard procedures from the ...

OBJECTIVE: Pre-eclamptic toxaemia is associated with inflammation and vascular endothelial dysfunction. As women who have had pre-eclamptic toxaemia are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, we hypothesized that these abnormalities are persistent. METHODS: Eighteen women with a history of pre-eclamptic toxaemia and 17 age-matched controls were enrolled. All underwent ...

BACKGROUND: The correlation between body mass index (BMI)/obesity and blood pressure/hypertension has not been confirmed in diabetic patients. This study analyzed the association in Taiwanese adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS AND RESULTS: The National Health Insurance data of 89,857 adult patients (41,398 men and 48,459 women; ...

Blood pressure measurement plays a central role in the screening and management of hypertension during pregnancy. Although descriptions of changes in blood pressure patterns of normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies are plentiful, relatively little is known about how modifiable environmental and lifestyle characteristics, including maternal diet and physical activity, influence blood ...

BACKGROUND: Massive vulvar edema in a woman with preeclampsia preceded the development of massive ascites and impending eclampsia. CASE: A 17-year-old preeclamptic, primiparous woman was admitted with preeclampsia and massive vulvar edema. Other causes were excluded. The vulvar edema increased as the blood pressure and ascites increased, and a severe ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on infant blood pressure. STUDY DESIGN: Pregnant women (n = 256) were randomized into 3 groups: modified dietary intake according to current recommendations and probiotics (diet/probiotics), placebo (diet/placebo), and a control/placebo group. In the infants born to these women, blood ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between diurnal variation in blood pressure, the mean daily blood pressure and various complications of pregnancy in patients presenting with severe pre-eclampsia before 34 weeks' gestation. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-four women presenting to a tertiary hospital in South Africa with severe pre-eclampsia between 28 and 34 ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and use of antihypertensive drug therapy in relation to menopausal status and to delineate perceived associations between androgens and blood pressure in perimenopausal women. METHODS: A population-based sample of women aged 50-59 (n = 6893). Women were divided into three groups according to ...

The aim of the present 12-month, randomized, prospective controlled study was to investigate the long-term effects of low-dose oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on 24-h blood pressure in healthy, normotensive postmenopausal women. A total of 80 postmenopausal women received either 1 mg micronized 17beta-estradiol daily, sequentially combined with 10 mg ...

BACKGROUND: A major mechanism of hypertension in many postmenopausal women is deficiency of female gonadal steroids. A long postmenopausal period may thus represent one factor that influences the prevalence of hypertension because of long periods of estrogen loss. METHODS: When we conducted a medical survey in northwestern China, we also ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of gender on chronotropic and hemodynamic response during dobutamine stress echocardiography with early injection of atropine (EA-DSE). METHODS: From January 2000 to June 2003, we retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent EA-DSE for known or suspected coronary artery disease. We ...

This study investigated the effects of aromatherapy massage on the lipid profile and blood pressure in Korean climacteric women. A wait-listed control group, pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects comprised 58 climacteric women: 30 in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. Aromatherapy massage using lavender, rose geranium, ...

To compare cardiovascular risk among women with high normal blood pressure (130-9/85-9 mm Hg) against those with normal blood pressure (120-9/75-84 mm Hg) and those with baseline hypertension. Prospective cohort study. Women's health study, United States. 39 322 initially healthy women classified into four categories according to self reported baseline ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare mRNA concentrations of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), placenta specific-1 (PLAC1), and selectin-P in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 43 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 41 control subjects. Plasma was harvested from samples and RNA extracted. Plasma RNA was analyzed using reverse transcription ...

AIMS: Diazoxide is one of few available agents for treatment of hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. From previous studies, there is a question concerning safety after moderate-dose administration caused episodes of hypotension. Rapid control of severe hypertension is necessary to reduce maternal morbidity, for example, stroke and placental abruption. This study ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine whether blood pressure in early pregnancy and its rise in the second half of gestation are associated with spontaneous preterm birth in healthy, normotensive, nulliparous women. STUDY DESIGN: We included 5167 women with singleton gestation who participated in the World Health ...

Cardiovascular risk factors are often ineffectively controlled in hypertensive postmenopausal women, and moreover, some antihypertensive drugs may increase particular risk factors such as insulin resistance. In a multicenter, multinational (Finland, Sweden, Lithuania), double-blind, prospectively randomized study hypertensive obese postmenopausal women without hormone therapy (n = 98) were randomly assigned to ...

The relationships of cortisol with elevated blood pressure and insulin resistance are likely to be the result of a complex interplay of different mechanisms. We hypothesize that cortisol is associated with impaired microvascular function and that this contributes to cortisol-associated high blood pressure and insulin resistance. We examined 24 h ...

The article investigates and evaluates, from a feminist perspective, the issues of informed choice and first obstetric ultrasound examinations, and reveals that it is impossible for an expectant mother to achieve this due to the medical environment and culture of hospitals. The study also indicates that the social pressure of ...

The aim of this study was to compare zinc (Zn) metabolism parameters in groups of premenopausal and postmenopausal women with moderate and severe primary arterial hypertension. The study included 38 women, of which 15 were premenopausal and 23 were postmenopausal. Postmenopausal women had a positive correlation between total (ERCt- Zn) ...

BACKGROUND: Evidence is accumulating that the vitamin D endocrine system has physiological functions beyond bone health including a role in the regulation of blood pressure. Effects of poor vitamin D status on blood pressure may be mediated by elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. AIM: To evaluate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ...

PURPOSE: This prospective noncomparative observational study evaluated the clinical symptoms, body weight and blood pressure of 38 adolescents receiving a monthly injectable contraceptive containing estradiol valerate 5 mg and norethisterone 50 mg. METHODS: The volunteers, aged 16-19 years, were examined monthly during 1 year and asked about the following symptoms ...

We recorded vaginal pressure in 12 women without risk factors for prolapse during two activity and exercise sessions, compared exercise and cough pressure, and evaluated method reproducibility and patterns of relative pressure. Portable urodynamic equipment, repeated measures descriptive design, and purposeful sampling were used with nonparametric analysis and visual comparison ...

Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Increased number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) have previously been reported after various diseases associated endothelial injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CECs in patients with preeclampsia and to demonstrate any association between CECs and ...

Maternal smoking in pregnancy may be associated with higher offspring blood pressure; however, results of previous studies have been inconsistent and included varying confounder adjustments. We studied the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and offspring blood pressure at 7 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in the rural adults of Liaoning province of China. METHODS: The study was conducted in 2004-2006, using a multistage cluster sampling method to select a representative sample. A total of 45925 adults, 35 years or ...

BACKGROUND: Follow up of participants in trials of antenatal calcium supplementation has reported an impact on blood pressure among mothers and children. AIMS: To determine whether blood pressure at 4-7 years follow up would be lower for calcium-supplemented mothers in the Australian Calcium Trial (ACT) and for their children. METHODS: ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between natriuretic peptides (NT-proANP and NT-proBNP) and hemodynamic parameters in preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study of 19 preeclamptic, 15 chronic hypertensive, and 26 normotensive women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Stroke index (SI), heart rate ...

OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in later life. Daughters of PE mothers have an increased risk of developing the disease; recent epidemiological data suggest a (grand)paternal contribution. We have directly studied the parents of 673 women with stringently defined PE in relation to ...

We compare blood pressure and hypertension between adult men on the USA mainland and in Puerto Rico born during 1886-1930 to test hypotheses about the link between cardiovascular health and large socioeconomic and political changes in society: (a) 8853 men surveyed in Puerto Rico in 1965 and (b) 1449 non-Hispanic ...

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity and obesity increase the risk for hypertension, and both are more prevalent in African-American than Caucasian women. Regular physical activity serves as an important intervention for reducing cardiovascular risk, yet the ideal physical activity profile to meet the needs of young, sedentary African-American women remains unclear. We ...

BACKGROUND: Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) has been associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, especially in men. Most studies on job strain and hypertension have been cross-sectional, and prospective data are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively describe the effects of different psychosocial work characteristics on office blood pressure ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess hemodynamic and NT-proANP changes in women with chronic hypertension during pregnancy. METHODS: Stroke volume index (SI), heart rate (HR), cardiac output index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and left cardiac work index (LCWI) were measured using whole-body impedance cardiography. Systolic blood pressure ...

Aging and gender alter arterial hemodynamic function. Gender-related differences in body size may affect the arterial hemodynamics such as systolic blood pressure, wave reflection and pressure wave propagation. To assess the possibility that the differences of carotid blood velocities and brachial blood pressure in women are related to body size, ...

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have demonstrated various correlations between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and different weather parameters. We aim to study if a correlation exists between the incidence of eclampsia and pre-eclampsia and various weather parameters in the tropical coastal city of Mumbai which has the distinction of having relatively uniform ...

BACKGROUND: Low blood pressure has mainly been regarded as ideal, but recent studies have indicated an association with depression in elderly people. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether low blood pressure is associated with anxiety and depression in the general population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Participants in the population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study ...

OBJECTIVE: Explore changes in walking behavior, blood pressure, and weight over the course of a pilot intervention designed to increase physical activity. DESIGN: A pre/post single group design was used to examine outcomes of a 12-month group intervention with 6-month follow-up. SAMPLE: Twenty-one sedentary hypertensive African American women residing in ...