Objective-To determine the effect of sedation with detomidine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in standing horses and whether topical ocular application of anesthetic alters this effect. Design-Clinical trial. Animals-15 clinically normal horses. Procedures-Horses were assigned to group 1 (n = 7) or 2 (8). Intraocular pressure measurements were obtained at baseline ...

Snakes lack both an outer ear and a tympanic middle ear, which in most tetrapods provide impedance matching between the air and inner ear fluids and hence improve pressure hearing in air. Snakes would therefore be expected to have very poor pressure hearing and generally be insensitive to airborne sound, ...

Background: Conventional mechanical ventilator (CMV) breaths during high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) are advocated to recruit and stabilize alveoli. Objectives: To establish if CMV breath duration delivered during HFJV influences gas exchange, lung mechanics and lung injury. Methods: Preterm lambs at 128 days gestational age were studied. HFJV (7 Hz, PEEP ...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the automated oscillometric wrist blood pressure monitor BP210 for home blood pressure monitoring according to the International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension. METHODS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were sequentially measured in 33 adult Chinese participants (21 women, ...

BACKGROUND: /st>Parallel-walled spinal needles ≤22 G are routinely used for lumbar puncture, despite a reported ≥32% incidence of post-dural puncture headache. A tapered spinal needle (22 G shaft, 27 G tip) is in use in our institution. We hypothesized that despite the smaller dural puncture hole, this needle has similar ...

Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) affect one of every four women in the United States. Elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during daily activity or strenuous physical activity has been identified as a risk factor in the prevalence of PFD. However, the relationship between IAP and physical activity is poorly understood and oftentimes ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence of hypertension and its risk factors in Kerala, India where the epidemiological transition is more advanced than elsewhere in India. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: A sample of 297 individuals (aged 15-64 years) in rural Kerala, India, who were free of hypertension at study ...

PURPOSE: Diagnosis of pneumothorax relies on clinical suspicion and chest X-ray, and is often delayed. We aimed to determine whether electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can accurately identify the presence of surgically created pneumothoraces before significant changes in clinical parameters. METHODS: Six anesthetized and muscle-relaxed piglets with surfactant-depleted lungs were studied. ...

Self-reported hypertension is frequently used for health surveillance. However, little is known about the validity of self-reported hypertension among older Americans by nativity status. This study compared self-reported and measured hypertension among older black, white, and Hispanic Americans by nativity using the 2006 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 13,451). ...

PURPOSE: Mechanical complications during assisted ventilation can evolve due to worsening lung disease or problems in airway management. These complications affect lung compliance or airway resistance, which in turn affect the chest wall dynamics. The objective of this study was to explore the utility of continuous monitoring of the symmetry ...

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aims of this study were, firstly, to determine the diagnostic accuracy of an anal incontinence score, clinical examination and anal manometry in identifying anal sphincter defects and, secondly, to establish manometric cut-off values associated with sphincter defects. METHODS: One hundred fifty-nine women were evaluated by clinical ...

OBJECTIVE:We sought to determine the effect of patient selection on the 99th reference percentile of 2 sensitive and 1 high-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin assays in a well-defined reference population.METHODS:Individuals >45 years old were randomly selected from 7 representative local community practices. Detailed information regarding the participants was collected via questionnaires. ...

BackgroundElevated sleep-time blood pressure (BP) is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than the awake or 24 h BP means. However, discrepancies in the diagnosis of hypertension between clinic and ambulatory measurements (isolated-office and masked hypertension) are frequently defined by comparing clinic with only awake BP. We evaluated the impact ...

The usefulness of ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressure measurements to predict subclinical cerebrovascular diseases (silent cerebrovascular lesions and carotid atherosclerosis) was compared in a general population. Data on ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressures and brain MRI to detect silent cerebrovascular lesions were obtained in 1007 subjects aged ≥55 ...

Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring is recommended as a standard method for the evaluation of resistant hypertension (RH). This study assessed the diagnostic value of home blood pressure (HBP) monitoring in RH. Subjects on stable treatment with 3 antihypertensive drugs were included. Clinic RH (CRH) was defined as elevated clinic ...

PURPOSE: To characterize the effect of radial tears (RTs) of the lateral meniscus and their subsequent treatment (inside-out repair, partial meniscectomy) on joint contact mechanics during simulated gait. METHODS: Six human cadaveric knees were mounted on a simulator programmed to mimic human gait. A sensor was inserted below the lateral ...

Objective  To compare and correlate right atrial pressure, which represents central venous pressure (CVP) to jugular vein pressure (JVP) in laterally recumbent horses under anesthesia. Study design  Retrospective clinical trial. Animals  Seven adult healthy horses (411 ± 8.7 kg). Methods  Horses were sedated with IV xylazine and anesthesia was obtained with IV ketamine ...

Objective-To develop and determine the feasibility of a novel minimally invasive technique for percutaneous catheterization and embolization of the thoracic duct (PCETD) in dogs and to determine thoricic duct TD pressure at rest and during short-term balloon occlusion of the cranial vena cava (CrVC). Animals-Fifteen 7- to 11-month-old healthy mixed-breed ...

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is an important cause of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema but is rarely reported in the setting of bronchospasm. A 43-year-old woman with severe reactive airway disease suffered an episode of severe bronchospasm after endotracheal extubation following an otherwise uneventful general anesthetic. Subsequently, she developed clinical and ...

This paper examines the association of cardiovascular reactivity with thermal thresholds (detection and unpleasantness). Heart period (HP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure of 42 health young males were recorded during a cardiovascular reactivity task (a videogame based upon Sidman's avoidance paradigm). Thermal sensitivity, assessing detection and unpleasantness thresholds ...

We describe the design and performance of a quasi in situ scanning force microscope with an automatic operated reaction chamber. The design provides a repetitive hermetically sealed sample environment for successive processing. The reaction chamber is based on a combination of a flexure-guided cover, a piezo-positioning system and a force ...

To validate the Dinamap ProCare 200 blood pressure (BP) monitor against a mercury sphygmomanometer in children 7 to 18 years old in accordance with the 2010 International Protocol of European Society of Hypertension (ESH-IP2) and the British Hypertension Society (BHS) protocol. Forty-five children were recruited for the study. A validation ...

A happy-ending "series of unfortunate events" is reported of the successful emergency treatment of an erosion of the ascending aorta during negative pressure sternal wound therapy for a relapse of Berlin Heart driveline infection in a pediatric transplant recipient. Several key issues related to assist device-related infections and negative pressure ...

Objective  The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for Schirmer tear test (STT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus). Animals  Fourteen healthy long-eared hedgehogs (H. auritus) of either sex were studied. Procedures  The hedgehogs were individually immobilized with an intramuscular injection of combined Ketamine (20 mg/kg) ...

Objective  To evaluate the effects of the intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine on the intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil size (PS) in normal dogs. Animals studied  Forty-two animals with no ocular abnormalities were included in this study. Procedure  Following initial readings (T(0) ) of IOP and PS, the dogs received an ...

Continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are commonly used as bridge-to-transplantation or destination therapy for heart failure patients. However, non-optimal pumping speeds can reduce the efficacy of circulatory support or cause dangerous ventricular arrhythmias. Optimal flow control for continuous flow LVADs has not been defined and calls for an ...

This study investigated whether signals obtained from an implantable pressure sensor placed in the urinary bladder wall could be used to detect the onset of bladder contractions. The sensor assembly was custom made using a small piezoresistive sensor die. The die was mounted on ceramic substrate (8 mm x 8 ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Prehypertension and prediabetes are major risk factors of cardiovascular disease, and their combined presence may result in more serious cardiovascular outcomes than expected with either prehypertension or prediabetes alone. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of coexisting prehypertension and prediabetes, and the associated ...

Mechanical ventilation (MV) can induce lung oxidative stress, which plays an important role in pulmonary injury. This study compared protective conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for oxygenation, oxidative stress, inflammatory and histopathological lung injury in a rabbit model of acute lung injury (ALI). Rabbits (n = ...

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:821-828. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electronic medical records (EMRs) allow for real-time access to blood pressure (BP) information on a population basis and improve identification and treatment of individuals with hypertension. Despite the potential uses of the data available from EMRs, relatively little research has examined ...

Attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared absorption spectroscopy is a well-known vibrational spectroscopy technique for many different applications. In recent years this technique has been used to detect thin layer(s) lying on a solid substrate. Such a sample needs high pressure to ensure good optical contact between sample and prism and ...

The biomechanical model of glaucoma considers intraocular pressure-related stress and resultant strain on load bearing connective tissues of the optic nerve and surrounding peripapillary sclera as one major causative influence that effects cellular, vascular, and axonal components of the optic nerve. By this reasoning, the quantification of variations in the ...

The objective of this porcine study was to evaluate the effect of closed incision management with negative pressure wound therapy (CIM) on hematoma/seroma formation, fluid removal into the CIM canister, and involvement of the lymphatic system. In each swine (n = 8), two sets of ventral contralateral subcutaneous dead spaces with overlying ...

To validate the UEBE Visomat Double Comfort, an upper arm blood pressure monitor designed for self-measurement of blood pressure and for clinical use in a general population according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010. The device is provided with two operational modalities, a microphonic mode and ...

PURPOSE: We aimed to examine the association between intake of different subgroups of dairy products and blood pressure and incident hypertension 10 years later, adjusting for confounding factors. METHODS: We studied 1,750 British men and women from the 1946 British birth cohort from 1989 to 1999 (age 43 and 53 years, respectively). ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Inhalation of N-chlorotaurine (NCT), an endogenous new broad spectrum non-antibiotic anti-infective, has been shown to be very well tolerated in the pig model recently. In the present study, inhaled NCT was tested for tolerability and efficacy in the infected bronchopulmonary system using the same model. METHODS: Anesthetized pigs ...

Epidemiologic studies have shown convincingly that drastically reducing salt intake in the community is accompanied by blood pressure reductions that are comparable to those achieved by antihypertensive medication. Moreover, many subjects with hypertension are salt sensitive. This implies that, in these subjects, blood pressure is more responsive to changes in ...

Methods currently employed to study the release of hormones such as arginine vasopressin (AVP), while sensitive, suffer from a low temporal resolution such that the monitoring of AVP release on a moment-to-moment basis is not possible. Here, we describe a new approach to indirectly monitor the temporal profile of AVP ...

Background Coercion has usually been equated with legal detention. Non-statutory pressures to adhere to treatment, 'leverage', have been identified as widespread in US public mental healthcare. It is not clear if this is so outside the USA. Aims To measure rates of different non-statutory pressures in distinct clinical populations in ...

We present our recent development of a high temperature high pressure cell for neutron scattering. Combining a water cooled Nb1Zr pressure cell body with an internal heating furnace, the sample environment can reach temperatures of up to 1500 K at a pressure of up to 200 MPa at the sample ...

Objective-To compare the use of a semi-invasive vascular access port (VAP) device or noninvasive oscillometry versus invasive telemetry for blood pressure measurements in cats. Animals-6 healthy cats. Procedures-30 days before the study, all cats received an implanted telemeter and a VAP device. During normotension and experimentally induced hypertension, blood pressure ...

Telemetric sensing has received a great deal of attention in noncontact human disease detection. To take advantage of this method, this paper presents a SU-8-based compact (1.52 mm × 3.23 mm × 0.2 mm) passive wireless pressure sensor, especially designed to measure the intraocular pressure. The sensor was microfabricated using ...

The study of stress and fatigue among First Responders is a major step in mitigating this public health problem. Blood pressure, heart rate variability and fatigue related arrhythmia are three of the main "windows" to study stress and fatigue. In this paper we present a wearable medical device, capable of ...

Otoacoustic emission (OAE) screening is perhaps one of the most common diagnostic tools used on both adults and children alike to clinically asses hearing health. However small to moderate middle ear pressures (both positive and negative), which are quite prevalent among the general population, are known to significantly reduce the ...

Microalbuminuria, for which hypertension and diabetes are well-known risk factors, has recently been used to detect individuals at risk for cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases in the general population. We aimed to determine the thresholds of blood pressure or blood glucose concentration at which the odds ratio of having microalbuminuria ...

The determination of arsenic by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in natural waters with high sodium and chloride content has been investigated. The instrument used is equipped with an octopole collision/reaction cell to overcome spectroscopic interferences. Thus, the optimization of collision/reaction gas flow rates is required when using a ...

It is known that the reaction path for the decomposition of LiBH₄ : MgH₂ systems is dependent on whether decomposition is performed under vacuum or under a hydrogen pressure (typically 1-5 bar). However, the sensitivity of this multi-component hydride system to partial pressures of H₂ has not been investigated before. ...

Inelastic neutron scattering measurements typically require two orders of magnitude longer data collection times and larger sample sizes than neutron diffraction studies. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on pressurised samples are particularly challenging since standard high-pressure apparatus restricts sample volume, attenuates the incident and scattered beams, and contributes background scattering. Here, ...

We have developed a new composite cubic-boron nitride (c-BN) gasket assembly for high pressure diamond anvil cell studies, and applied it to inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) studies of carbon related materials in order to maintain a larger sample thickness and avoid the interference from the diamond anvils. The gap size ...

We determined the sensitivity of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as a marker for high blood pressure in children aged nine to 15 years (n = 1 131), from schools in the North West province, South Africa. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken. The sensitivity and specificity of the WHtR to ...