An index, based on littoral communities assemblages (CARLIT), was applied to assess the ecological status of Northwestern Mediterranean coastal waters, following the requirements of the European Water Framework Directive. The biogeographical particularities of the Alboran Sea suggested a reassessment of this index, and that was the main objective of this ...

We report on a patient with a rare case of bilateral tension pneumothorax that occurred after acupuncture. A 69-year-old large-bodied man, who otherwise had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, presented with chest pressure, cold sweats and shortness of breath. Immediately after bilateral pneumothorax had been identified on a chest ...

OBJECTIVES:: Pleural effusion is a frequent finding in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. To assess the effects of pleural effusion in patients with acute lung injury on lung volume, respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, lung recruitability, and response to positive end-expiratory pressure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS:: A total of 129 ...

BACKGROUND:In healthy volunteers, we investigated the ability of the pulse oximeter-derived peripheral perfusion index (PPI) to detect progressive reductions in central blood volume.METHODS:Twenty-five awake, spontaneously breathing, healthy male volunteers were subjected to progressive reductions in central blood volume by inducing stepwise lower body negative pressure (LBNP) with 20 mm Hg ...

BACKGROUND: The ability of stroke volume variation (SVV), pulse pressure variation (PPV) and global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) for prediction of fluid responsiveness in presence of pleural effusion is unknown. The aim of the present study was to challenge the ability of SVV, PPV and GEDV to predict fluid responsiveness in ...

A case of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) during video-assisted thoracoscopicsurgery (VATS) in a patient with previous contralateral pneumonectomy is presented. A 77yearold man with a right pneumothorax was scheduled for bullectomy by VATS. He had undergone left pneumonectomy due to lung cancer 6 years earlier.Anesthesia was induced and maintained with ...

The purpose of this study was to define age-, sex-, and ethnicity-specific reference values for 3-dimensional echocardiographic (3DE) left ventricular (LV) volumes and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in a large cohort of European white and Indian Asian subjects. Transthoracic 3DE imaging is recommended for the routine evaluation of LV volumes ...

Aim: We aimed to distinguish a pleural space effect from an active air leak, using a digital chest drain system that provided continuous air flow and pleural pressure checks. Methods: between March 2010 and October 2011, we employed 144 digital drains for 138 thoracic surgical procedures. Results: We observed 18 ...

PURPOSE: Diagnosis of pneumothorax (PTX) in newborn infants has been reported as late. To explore diagnostic indices for early detection of progressing PTX, and offer explanations for delayed diagnoses. METHODS: Progressing PTX was created in rabbits (2.3 ± 0.5 kg, n = 7) by injecting 1 ml/min of air into the pleural space. Hemodynamic parameters, tidal ...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and metabolic disorders, attended by impaired microcirculation, represent major risk factors for cerebrovascular impairment, as well as being individual components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Aim of the study was to establish whether mild hypertensives, aged ≤65years, may be affected by progressive microvascular damage impairing cerebrovascular perfusion, related ...

Tension pneumothorax is variously defined but is generally thought of as a pneumothorax in which the pressure of intrapleural gas exceeds atmospheric pressure, producing adverse effects, including mediastinal shift associated with cardiovascular collapse, often attributed to reduced venous return and kinking of the great vessels. The mechanism of tension pneumothorax ...

The elastic and plastic behaviors of silica glasses densified at various maximum pressure reached (12 GPa, 15 GPa, 19 GPa, and 22 GPa), were analyzed using in situ Raman and Brillouin spectroscopies. The elastic anomaly was observed to progressively vanish up to a maximum pressure reached of 12 GPa, beyond ...

The pleural space plays an important role in respiratory function as the negative intrapleural pressure regime ensures lung expansion and in the mean time maintains the tight mechanical coupling between the lung and the chest wall. The efficiency of the lung-chest wall coupling depend upon pleural liquid volume, which in ...

Dear Editor, I enjoyed the review article "Ultrasound in diving and hyperbaric medicine".1 Gawthrope correctly asserts that ultrasound (US) is an excellent method to detect pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and adequacy of vascular filling, and that these skills are easily learnt. He also mentions more advanced uses of US in the ...

Purpose: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is believed to result from blebs, or from other abnormalities of the pleural surface. There is no consensus as to whether a change in weather conditions can precipitate spontaneous pneumothorax. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of weather conditions on the ...

Single bubble feels the pressure: Sonochemical luminescence has been detected in a single-cavitation bubble within a narrow pressure domain below the sonoluminescence threshold. The parameter space of single-bubble sonochemistry is distinct from that of single-bubble atomic and molecular-line emissions.

We report hydrogen storage at an ordinary pressure due to a bottle-neck effect of an ultramicroporous crystal. Stored hydrogen was kept at an ordinary pressure below -110 °C. The amounts of stored hydrogen gas linearly correlated with the initial pressures. These phenomena suggested the ultramicroporous tunnels worked as a molecular ...

Raman spectra of benzene, naphthalene and biphenyl have been taken up to a pressure of 13GPa. The results for benzene and naphthalene indicate that the perturbation of inter-molecular π-π stacking effect on the Raman intensity is neglectable. For biphenyl, all the Raman peaks show intensity enhancement during the compression process, ...

In this paper, we investigate the effect of pressure on the molecular dynamics of protic ionic liquid lidocaine hydrochloride, a commonly used pharmaceutical, by means of dielectric spectroscopy and pressure-temperature-volume methods. We observed that near T(g) the pressure dependence of conductivity relaxation times reveals a peculiar behavior, which can be ...

Renal medullary hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and its target genes, such as heme oxygenase and nitric oxide synthase, have been indicated to play an important role in the regulation of sodium excretion and blood pressure. HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing proteins (PHDs) are major enzymes to promote the degradation of HIF-1α. We ...

Physicians routinely prescribe partial weight bearing in a walking boot following fractures of the lower limbs in order to produce the needed mechanical environment to facilitate healing. Plantar pressure measurements can provide key information regarding the mechanical environment experienced by lower limb bones. The effect of walking boots on plantar ...

We demonstrate a technique for determining molecular collision cross sections via measuring the variation of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) linewidth with background damping gas pressure, under conditions where the length of the FTICR transient is pressure limited. Key features of our method include monoisotopic isolation of ions, the ...

Abstract The atmospheric pressure on Mars ranges from 1-10 mbar, about 1% of Earth pressure (∼1013 mbar). Low pressure is a growth-inhibitory factor for terrestrial microorganisms on Mars, and a putative low-pressure barrier for growth of Earth bacteria of ∼25 mbar has been postulated. In a previous communication, we described ...

Chemokines have been suggested to play a role during development of left ventricular failure, but little is known about their role during right ventricular (RV) remodeling and dysfunction. We have previously shown that the chemokine CXCL13 regulates small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs). We hypothesized that chemokines are upregulated in the pressure-overloaded ...

Structural modifications using a conventional hemodialyzer improved the internal filtration and clearance of middle molecular weight wastes by enhanced convection effect. In this study, we employed a mathematical model describing the internal filtration rate as well as the hemodynamic and hematologic parameters in highflux dialyzer to interpret the previous reported ...

Objective-To determine the effect of sedation with detomidine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in standing horses and whether topical ocular application of anesthetic alters this effect. Design-Clinical trial. Animals-15 clinically normal horses. Procedures-Horses were assigned to group 1 (n = 7) or 2 (8). Intraocular pressure measurements were obtained at baseline ...

Hypertension is becoming an important health problem in many countries. The 'small baby syndrome hypothesis' suggests that an inverse linear relationship exists between birth weight and later risk of hypertension; however, this relationship is under debate. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the association between birth weight and subsequent blood ...

Snakes lack both an outer ear and a tympanic middle ear, which in most tetrapods provide impedance matching between the air and inner ear fluids and hence improve pressure hearing in air. Snakes would therefore be expected to have very poor pressure hearing and generally be insensitive to airborne sound, ...

Background: Conventional mechanical ventilator (CMV) breaths during high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) are advocated to recruit and stabilize alveoli. Objectives: To establish if CMV breath duration delivered during HFJV influences gas exchange, lung mechanics and lung injury. Methods: Preterm lambs at 128 days gestational age were studied. HFJV (7 Hz, PEEP ...

Here we report a 22-year old woman with massive and bilateral transudative effusion succeeded by pulmonary edema and brain edema and death. Investigations for systemic disorders were negative. Exacerbation of dyspnea after intravenous fluid infusion was a main problem. As effusion was refractory to medical treatment, the patient was referred ...

Varicose veins affect approximately one-third of the adult population and result in significant psychological, physical, and financial burden. Nevertheless, the molecular pathogenesis of varicose vein formation remains unidentified. Venous hypertension exerted on veins of the lower extremity is considered the principal factor in varicose vein formation. The role of mechanotransduction ...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the automated oscillometric wrist blood pressure monitor BP210 for home blood pressure monitoring according to the International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension. METHODS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were sequentially measured in 33 adult Chinese participants (21 women, ...

BACKGROUND: /st>Parallel-walled spinal needles ≤22 G are routinely used for lumbar puncture, despite a reported ≥32% incidence of post-dural puncture headache. A tapered spinal needle (22 G shaft, 27 G tip) is in use in our institution. We hypothesized that despite the smaller dural puncture hole, this needle has similar ...

Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) affect one of every four women in the United States. Elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during daily activity or strenuous physical activity has been identified as a risk factor in the prevalence of PFD. However, the relationship between IAP and physical activity is poorly understood and oftentimes ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence of hypertension and its risk factors in Kerala, India where the epidemiological transition is more advanced than elsewhere in India. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: A sample of 297 individuals (aged 15-64 years) in rural Kerala, India, who were free of hypertension at study ...

PURPOSE: Diagnosis of pneumothorax relies on clinical suspicion and chest X-ray, and is often delayed. We aimed to determine whether electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can accurately identify the presence of surgically created pneumothoraces before significant changes in clinical parameters. METHODS: Six anesthetized and muscle-relaxed piglets with surfactant-depleted lungs were studied. ...

Self-reported hypertension is frequently used for health surveillance. However, little is known about the validity of self-reported hypertension among older Americans by nativity status. This study compared self-reported and measured hypertension among older black, white, and Hispanic Americans by nativity using the 2006 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 13,451). ...

PURPOSE: Mechanical complications during assisted ventilation can evolve due to worsening lung disease or problems in airway management. These complications affect lung compliance or airway resistance, which in turn affect the chest wall dynamics. The objective of this study was to explore the utility of continuous monitoring of the symmetry ...

OBJECTIVE:We sought to determine the effect of patient selection on the 99th reference percentile of 2 sensitive and 1 high-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin assays in a well-defined reference population.METHODS:Individuals >45 years old were randomly selected from 7 representative local community practices. Detailed information regarding the participants was collected via questionnaires. ...

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aims of this study were, firstly, to determine the diagnostic accuracy of an anal incontinence score, clinical examination and anal manometry in identifying anal sphincter defects and, secondly, to establish manometric cut-off values associated with sphincter defects. METHODS: One hundred fifty-nine women were evaluated by clinical ...

BackgroundElevated sleep-time blood pressure (BP) is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than the awake or 24 h BP means. However, discrepancies in the diagnosis of hypertension between clinic and ambulatory measurements (isolated-office and masked hypertension) are frequently defined by comparing clinic with only awake BP. We evaluated the impact ...

The usefulness of ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressure measurements to predict subclinical cerebrovascular diseases (silent cerebrovascular lesions and carotid atherosclerosis) was compared in a general population. Data on ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressures and brain MRI to detect silent cerebrovascular lesions were obtained in 1007 subjects aged ≥55 ...

Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring is recommended as a standard method for the evaluation of resistant hypertension (RH). This study assessed the diagnostic value of home blood pressure (HBP) monitoring in RH. Subjects on stable treatment with 3 antihypertensive drugs were included. Clinic RH (CRH) was defined as elevated clinic ...

PURPOSE: To characterize the effect of radial tears (RTs) of the lateral meniscus and their subsequent treatment (inside-out repair, partial meniscectomy) on joint contact mechanics during simulated gait. METHODS: Six human cadaveric knees were mounted on a simulator programmed to mimic human gait. A sensor was inserted below the lateral ...

We describe the design and performance of a quasi in situ scanning force microscope with an automatic operated reaction chamber. The design provides a repetitive hermetically sealed sample environment for successive processing. The reaction chamber is based on a combination of a flexure-guided cover, a piezo-positioning system and a force ...

To validate the Dinamap ProCare 200 blood pressure (BP) monitor against a mercury sphygmomanometer in children 7 to 18 years old in accordance with the 2010 International Protocol of European Society of Hypertension (ESH-IP2) and the British Hypertension Society (BHS) protocol. Forty-five children were recruited for the study. A validation ...

Objective  To compare and correlate right atrial pressure, which represents central venous pressure (CVP) to jugular vein pressure (JVP) in laterally recumbent horses under anesthesia. Study design  Retrospective clinical trial. Animals  Seven adult healthy horses (411 ± 8.7 kg). Methods  Horses were sedated with IV xylazine and anesthesia was obtained with IV ketamine ...

Objective-To develop and determine the feasibility of a novel minimally invasive technique for percutaneous catheterization and embolization of the thoracic duct (PCETD) in dogs and to determine thoricic duct TD pressure at rest and during short-term balloon occlusion of the cranial vena cava (CrVC). Animals-Fifteen 7- to 11-month-old healthy mixed-breed ...

This paper examines the association of cardiovascular reactivity with thermal thresholds (detection and unpleasantness). Heart period (HP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure of 42 health young males were recorded during a cardiovascular reactivity task (a videogame based upon Sidman's avoidance paradigm). Thermal sensitivity, assessing detection and unpleasantness thresholds ...

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is an important cause of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema but is rarely reported in the setting of bronchospasm. A 43-year-old woman with severe reactive airway disease suffered an episode of severe bronchospasm after endotracheal extubation following an otherwise uneventful general anesthetic. Subsequently, she developed clinical and ...