In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether hyperuricemia is associated with hypertension and the association exists in a Chinese population at a high risk of hypertension. The study population included 813 consecutively clinical patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, including the subjects with the current use of antihypertensive medications and self-reported ...

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of excess bodyweight and high blood pressure in young Swiss men and to evaluate the associations of these disorders with serum cholesterol in this important population. The study investigated a large cohort of 56784 Swiss army conscripts aged 18-25 years from 2004 through ...

A reduction in the blood pressure decline at night (<10% from daytime systolic blood pressure (SBP)) during 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) ('non-dipping pattern') is associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Our aim was to evaluate whether ABPM characteristics are associated with metabolic abnormalities in subjects without known hypertension or type ...

Increased arterial stiffness is an important marker for target organ damage in essential hypertension. Both serum uric acid (UA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were reported to be associated with target organ damage. However, the influences of UA and CRP on large arterial stiffness were not well elucidated. This study included ...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Atherosclerosis is evaluated by carotid mean intima-media thickness (mean IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and the aortic calcification index (ACI). We have attempted to examine if these atherosclerotic parameters are associated with each other and which parameters are closely related to cardiac function in chronic HD patients. METHODS: The ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several studies have examined the associations between measurements used to assess obesity, such as the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and intra-abdominal fat area, and cardiometabolic abnormalities. However, the application of these measures in clinical practice requires more detailed examination in older individuals. The abdominal ...

This study aimed to analyze the level of physical activity for people with high blood pressure cared for in a health center. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 310 individuals between 18 and 69 years of age through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The majority (80%) of participants presented ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between anthropometric variables with blood glucose and lipid concentrations in different stages of hypertension and evaluate the risk factors involved in progression of pre-hypertension stage in to clinical hypertension stage-1. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and ...

BACKGROUND: Previous data has shown that when pressure is applied to the skin of the ankle and on the foot, there is a reactive increase in circulation. In the present investigation, these studies were expanded to look at the response of the hand, back, and foot to applied pressure. MATERIAL/METHODS: ...

Cyclosporine has a narrow therapeutic window requiring close monitoring to ensure adequate immunosuppression while avoiding nephrotoxicity and other side effects. Pharmacokinetic studies have suggested that cyclosporine levels at 2 hours postdose (C2) is the best single time point to predict area under the concentration curve (AUC) in kidney transplant recipients. ...

Selenium is an antioxidant micronutrient with potential interest for cardiovascular disease prevention. Few studies have evaluated the association between selenium and hypertension, with inconsistent findings. We explored the relationship of serum selenium concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in a representative sample of the US population. We undertook a cross-sectional ...

OBJECTIVE: The seed extracts from Nigella sativa is used by Unani physicians of traditional medicine (Hakims or Tabibs) and Ayurvedic practitioners (Vaids) in the treatment of several medical disorders including dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. It is, therefore, important to prove or disprove the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of powdered N. ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) other than hyperglycemia at diagnosis in schoolchildren with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN: The study involved 112 Japanese schoolchildren, 45 males and 67 females aged 12.9 +/- 1.5 yr, who were diagnosed as having T2DM. The body ...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the available evidence on the cardiovascular effects of cross-sex steroid use in transsexuals. METHODS: We searched relevant electronic databases and sought additional references from experts. Eligible studies reported on cardiovascular events, venous thromboembolism, blood pressure and fasting serum lipids. Data were extracted in duplicate. We used the ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, and endothelial responses to short-term red wine consumption in subjects with hypercholesterolemia or arterial hypertension, and healthy controls. METHODS: Subjects with hypercholesterolemia (n=10) or arterial hypertension (n=9), or healthy controls (n=7) were given red wine (250 mL/night) for 15 days. Analyses were performed ...

OBJECTIVE: The thiazolidindione (TDZ) pioglitazone reduces insulin resistance and blood pressure in non-diabetic patients with arterial hypertension as previously reported [Füllert et al. 2002]. The question is still not answered whether it is a direct effect on the endothelial wall or it is related with improvement of insulin sensitivity. The ...

Objectives. Most published definitions of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents include increased waist circumference (WC) in their criteria. To assess the clinical relevance of WC in identifying adolescents with the MetS phenotype and adverse fitness patterns, we divided a cohort of 15-year-old schoolchildren in quartiles for WC, ...

To evaluate whether sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, a significant source of dietary fructose, is associated with higher serum uric acid levels and blood pressure in adolescents. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 4867 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. Dietary data were assessed ...

OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is found at autopsy in the arteries of adolescents and young adults. Arterial wall thickening may be assessed in vivo by ultrasound measurement of the carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. As the determinants of arterial wall thickness in childhood are unknown, we assessed ...

OBJECTIVE: It is not well known which exercise intensity is needed to obtain blood pressure reductions in response to endurance training. We therefore compared the effect of training at lower and higher intensity on blood pressure, and, in addition on other cardiovascular risk factors, in at least 55-year-old sedentary men ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of sirolimus (SRL) vs cyclosporine (CsA) concerning the cardiovascular mechanisms hypothetically contributing to hypertension development. Three rat groups were studied: control (vehicle), CsA (5 mg/kg/d), and SRL (1 mg/kg/d). The following parameters were evaluated after 7 weeks of treatment: blood ...

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a common disorder associated with a number of metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and high blood pressure. These abnormalities are recognised risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Insulin-sensitising drugs exert an effect on these cardiovascular risk factors. The present study was done with the objective ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between social class and achievement of selected national audit targets for coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes and hypertension in England before and after the introduction of a major pay for performance programme in 2004. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of 2003 and 2006 national survey data for respondents ...

OBJECTIVES: To screen non-diabetic hypertensive Nigerian patients with a view to determining their haematological and coagulation profiles. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty (30) consecutive non-diabetic hypertensive patients, aged 20-60 years and 30 age and sex-matched, apparently healthy subjects, were investigated for some haematological and coagulation parameters, blood pressure, pulse, body weight, ...

OBJECTIVE: Incidence of type 2 diabetes might be associated with preexisting hypertension. There is no information on whether incident diabetes is predicted by blood pressure control. We evaluated the hazard of diabetes in relation to blood pressure control in treated hypertensive patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Nondiabetic, otherwise healthy, hypertensive ...

Given the well-established links between diabetes and elevated rates of pancreatic cancer, there are reasons to anticipate that other markers of metabolic abnormality (increased body mass index, plasma cholesterol, and blood pressure) and their correlates (physical activity and socioeconomic status) may also confer increased risk. However, to date, the results ...

In this manuscript, the profile and clinical management of hypertensive patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) is examined and whether high heart rate is associated with a different profile is determined. CINHTIA was a cross-sectional and multicenter survey aimed to define the clinical profile of hypertensive ...

AIMS: To investigate risk factors for progression to microalbuminuria in normoalbuminuric hypertensive patients. METHODS: In a longitudinal study, 173 previously treated normoalbuminuric hypertensive patients with high cardiovascular risk (70% diabetics) were evaluated at study entry and after 12 months. Levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE; study entry and end of ...

The Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) is a randomized double-blind trial of active antihypertensive treatment (indapamide 1.5 mg sustained release +/-2-4 mg perindopril) vs placebo in participants over the age of 80 years with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 160-199 mmHg during a placebo run-in period plus ...

ABSTRACT. Lifestyle modifications are effective for the management and prevention of hypertension. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of an oral concentrated leaf juice of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.; CS) in patients with mild hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP]/diastolic blood pressure [DBP], 140-159/90-99 mmHg). Subjects were ...

OBJECTIVES: Most published definitions of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents include increased waist circumference (WC) in their criteria. To assess the clinical relevance of WC in identifying adolescents with the MetS phenotype and adverse fitness patterns, we divided a cohort of 15-year-old schoolchildren in quartiles for WC, ...

In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether hyperuricemia is associated with hypertension and the association exists in a Chinese population at a high risk of hypertension. The study population included 813 consecutively clinical patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, including the subjects with the current use of antihypertensive medications and self-reported ...

BACKGROUND: Peritonitis, the type of buffer used in the dialysate, continue ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) of greater than two years duration, increased exposure to dialysate glucose, diabetes mellitus, and the use of beta blockers may contribute to impaired ultrafiltration. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to compare the ...

Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Individuals with hypertension are at an increased risk for stroke, heart disease and kidney failure. Essential hypertension results from a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. One such lifestyle factor is diet, and its role in the control of blood ...

PURPOSE: Hemoglobin (Hb) regulates the endothelial function by modulating the bio-availability of NO at the tissue level. A significant direct relationship is present between the Hb levels and endothelial functions in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Testing whether this association also exists in subjects with prediabetes is important because prediabetes ...

The aim of this study was to investigate prevalences of hyperuricemia and the metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Hangzhou population, and the relationship between serum uric acid and the MS. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4155 subjects (2614 men and 1541 women) aged 20-80 years, recruited through a health ...

The natural course of microalbuminuria in African Americans (AA) with type 2 diabetes is not well established. Longitudinal analysis of 186 African Americans with type 2 diabetes enrolled in Project Sugar, a randomized controlled trial of primary care-based interventions to improve diabetes control. Mean age was 59.4 years and 85% ...

BACKGROUND: Freon includes a number of gaseous, colorless chlorofluorocarbons. Although freon is generally considered to be a fluorocarbon of relatively low toxicity; significantly detrimental effects may occur upon over exposure. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether occupational exposure to fluorocarbons can induce arterial hypertension, myocardial ischemia, ...

Little is known about the relation between the activities of certain enzymes involved in endogenous fatty acid synthesis and metabolic risk factors, particularly in young adults and non-Western populations. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the associations between estimated desaturase and elongase activities and metabolic risk factors in young Japanese ...

The aim of the present prospective, single centre observational study was to describe the profile and prognosis of patients hospitalised with chronic heart failure and to determine the value of discharge blood pressure and cholesterol for long-term survival. From among 2,346 hospitalised patients, 320 (13.6%) suffered from chronic heart failure ...

There is a considerable debate about the potential influence of 'fetal programming' on cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. In the present prospective epidemiological cohort study, the relationship between birthweight and arterial elasticity in 472 children between 5 and 8 years of age was assessed. LAEI (large artery elasticity index), SAEI (small ...

Although it has been reported that angiotensin II receptor blockers inhibited the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in vitro and in vivo, whether they can do so clinically is not clear. We investigated the effects of 12-month valsartan therapy on various markers of inflammation, glycation, and oxidation ...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies examining the effect of tea drinking on cardiovascular health have produced mixed results due to their observational nature and qualitatively and quantitatively imprecise definitions of active tea components. The objective of this study was to determine if a standardized and defined decaffeinated green tea (Camellia sinensis) product ...

CONTEXT: Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of symptoms associated with abdominal obesity that demonstrates a high risk for cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate football linemen in National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I, II, and III schools for the presence of metabolic syndrome according to the ...

We evaluated the predictive potential for long-term (24-year) survival and longevity (85+ years) of an index of cumulative deficits (DI) and six physiological indices (pulse pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, serum cholesterol, blood glucose, and hematocrit) measured in mid- to late life (44-88 years) for participants of the 9th ...

Hypertension is a harmful disease factor that develops unnoticed over time. The treatment of hypertension is aimed at an early diagnosis followed by adequate lifestyle changes rather than pharmacological treatment. The olive leaf extract EFLA943, having antihypertensive actions in rats, was tested as a food supplement in an open study ...

AIMS: We investigated the role of Valsartan (V) alone or in combination with Simvastatin (S) on coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling, and tested the hypothesis that V or V/S attenuate the pro-inflammatory effect of low endothelial shear stress (ESS). METHODS: Twenty-four diabetic, hyperlipidemic swine were allocated into Early (n=12) and ...

Background The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) was a randomised controlled clinical study which looked at the effect of improved blood glucose and blood pressure control on macro- and microvascular complications in Type 2 diabetes. Retinopathy was the commonest microvascular outcome and this paper looks at this complication. Methods Newly ...

BACKGROUND: The influence of treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, arterial stiffness, and lipid profile has not been elucidated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levothyroxine on arterial stiffness, lipid profile, and inflammation. METHODS: The study included 30 patients with ...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in China. Although body mass index (BMI) of the Chinese population was lower than that of Western populations, it has shown a rapidly increasing trend. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of anthropometric measurements ...