Combination therapy is an effective strategy to increase antihypertensive efficacy in those patients with poor blood pressure (BP) control. In order to achieve BP targets, at least 75% of patients may require combination therapy, and European guidelines advocate this approach, particularly in those patients with a high cardiovascular risk. Evidence ...

The pharmacological efficacy of various monotherapy, single pill, and combination therapies of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan have been established, mainly through randomized controlled trials that used similar methodological and statistical platforms and thus enabled synthesis of evidence. The real world effectiveness of valsartan has been studied extensively, but ...

To describe risk factors associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Japanese subjects who participated in community health screenings. Residents of Akita, Japan, participating in a community health checkup were selected to undergo a comprehensive ophthalmic examination. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on optic disk appearance, perimetric results, and other ocular ...

Prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents has progressively and continuously increased over recent decades. Thus, early and effective control of high blood pressure may be considered an effective therapeutic approach, in order to reduce the burden of hypertension-related cardiovascular disease in future. In the past, due to the absence ...

ABSTRACTBackground Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but patient compliance is a major barrier to long-term effectiveness. Flexible pressure delivery of PAP reduces pressure during early exhalation with the aim of improving comfort and therefore compliance, leading to subsequent symptoms improvement. However, ...

To the Editor: Appel and coworkers of the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Collaborative Research Group (Sept. 2 issue)(1) report that in black patients with hypertensive renal disease, intensive blood-pressure control did not reduce the incidence of renal outcomes (worsening kidney function, end-stage renal disease [ESRD], or ...

To the Editor: Appel and coworkers of the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Collaborative Research Group (Sept. 2 issue)(1) report that in black patients with hypertensive renal disease, intensive blood-pressure control did not reduce the incidence of renal outcomes (worsening kidney function, end-stage renal disease [ESRD], or ...

To the Editor: Appel and coworkers of the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Collaborative Research Group (Sept. 2 issue)(1) report that in black patients with hypertensive renal disease, intensive blood-pressure control did not reduce the incidence of renal outcomes (worsening kidney function, end-stage renal disease [ESRD], or ...

To the Editor: Appel and coworkers of the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Collaborative Research Group (Sept. 2 issue)(1) report that in black patients with hypertensive renal disease, intensive blood-pressure control did not reduce the incidence of renal outcomes (worsening kidney function, end-stage renal disease [ESRD], or ...

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) increases cardiac performance in patients with heart failure, but its effect on arterial pressure is not well established. To determine the effect of CRT on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) a systematic review using standard nomenclatures for CRT was ...

BackgroundWe aimed to test the hypothesis that the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)/diuretic combination decreases the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) to a greater extent than treatment with the ARB/calcium-channel blocker (CCB) combination through a mechanism related to a greater reduction of sleep blood pressure (BP).MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label, ...

Organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3, encoded by a tightly linked gene pair, play a key role in renal secretion of diuretics. However, no study has yet examined the influence of OAT1 and OAT3 polymorphisms on high blood pressure (BP) and the response to thiazide diuretics. We hypothesized that ...

Hypertension (HTN) is a major cause of death in Chinese farmers. Remoteness from population centers may independently affect HTN prevalence and severity. We used random cluster sampling to select 27 villages in Yunnan province, China. Within each village, we randomly selected 50-80 men and women between the ages of 50 ...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to use plantar pressure analysis in relatively long-distance walking for objective outcome evaluation of ankle osteoarthritis treatments, i.e., ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement. METHODS: Forty-seven subjects in four groups: three patient groups and controls, participated in the study. Each subject walked twice in 50-m trials. ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of isometric handgrip training on blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged women (47.88 ± 1.8 years). METHODS: Isometric handgrip training was performed over five consecutive days. In each session, the treatment group (n = 9) performed four isometric contractions of 45 seconds each at 30% of ...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is associated with oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, and vascular dysfunction. Lycopene, a carotenoid found in tomatoes, is an antioxidant with a protective effect on lipid peroxidation and anti-atherosclerotic capacity. This review summarises current evidence on the effect of lycopene on serum lipid concentrations and blood pressure. METHODS: ...

To verify whether there are relationships between vascular and hormonal responses to aerobic training in hypertensive persons, sedentary hypertensive patients were randomized to an aerobic training or a callisthenic exercise group. The patients' 24-hour blood pressure, arterial compliance, forearm blood flow, and hormonal profile were evaluated at baseline and after ...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia frequently associated with hypertension. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that lowering blood pressure by angiotensin II-receptor blockers (ARB) has more beneficial effects than by conventional calcium channel blockers (CCB) on the frequency of paroxysmal AF with hypertension. The Japanese Rhythm ...

The prevalence of hypertension in Malaysia is alarmingly high. The National Survey in 2006 showed 43% of people aged 30 had hypertension and among treated patients, only 26% reached the target blood pressure (BP) of <140/90 mm Hg. We evaluated BP control in tertiary institutions in Malaysia and the difference in hypertension ...

A preliminary genome-wide linkage analysis of blood pressure in the Family Blood Pressure Program (FBPP) was reported previously. We harnessed the power and ethnic diversity of the final pooled FBPP dataset to identify novel loci for blood pressure thereby enhancing localization of genes containing less common variants with large effects ...

Abstract Background. The aim of this study was to obtain epidemiological data and to determine the prevalence of adolescent hypertension implementing a blood pressure (BP) screening. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional, population-based survey in a major Hungarian city (Debrecen, population 230,000). After a 10-min resting period, three consecutive BP measurements ...

Abstract Introduction. The aim of this study was to assess blood flow in the vessels of the eyeball and changes in the optic nerve in patients with arterial hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma. Material and Methods. The patients were divided into groups: 1 (night blood pressure, BP, fall, NBPF, not ...

Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a preventable cause of stroke after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). It manifests as headache, seizures, hemiparesis or coma due to raised intracranial pressure or intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). There is currently no consensus on whether to control blood pressure, blood pressure thresholds associated with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, choice ...

The study aimed to determine the potential interrelations between left ventricle mass (LVM), LV diastolic function, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing renal artery stenting [corrected] (RAS). Prior to RAS, 3 and 12 months afterward, the change in LVM, left ventricular ...

Blood pressure (BP) varies according to many internal and external factors, and behavioral factors have an important role in diurnal BP variation. BP rises sharply on waking in the morning and falls during sleep at night, although it varies throughout the day and night. These changes in BP are closely ...

This study was a prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint study to assess the effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, losartan, compared with calcium channel blocker, amlodipine, on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and atherosclerosis of the carotid artery in Japanese patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, LV hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction ...

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are closely associated with hypertension, however, predictors of incident hypertension have not been fully established. We have conducted a study aimed at evaluating whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a predictor of incident hypertension. The relation between baPWV, a noninvasive index of aortic stiffness, and ...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is used in human medicine in the management of vasodilatory shock and cardiac arrest, but it is not widely used in equine neonatal intensive care because of concerns about potential side effects and suboptimal efficacy. This retrospective study reports the clinical use of AVP and norepinephrine (NE) ...

To evaluate the use of anorectal manometry to select patients for controlled anal dilatation. A prospective study was performed using anorectal manometry on all patients with chronic anal fissure who did not have a good response to conservative treatment. Those with increased anal resting pressure were treated with controlled anal ...

We investigated changes in movement kinematics and attentional focus when expert and novice golfers performed a golf-putting task under pressure. Six male professional golfers and five male novice golfers performed 100 acquisition trials, followed by 10 trials in the pressure condition with a performance-contingent cash reward and small audience. After ...

There exists a great variability in the manometric findings between patients with anal incontinence (AI) and healthy subjects. The correlation between the pressures of the anal canal and the AI is not exact by the wide rank of normal values. Prospective study to evaluate differences in the pressures of the ...

Objective To investigate the relation between brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) rs198388 polymorphism and the susceptibility of essential hypertension in Han population of Hunan. Methods A total of 567 patients with hypertension (the hypertension group) and 555 healthy volunteers (the control group) were enrolled. Gender, age, smoking and drinking history of ...

Background/Aims: Home blood pressure monitoring has been advocated as a method for improving blood pressure (BP) control. However, there is little data on patients' adherence to home BP monitoring. The purpose was to study patient adherence to home BP monitoring and telephone visits with a healthcare provider in a randomized ...

Patients with high blood pressure (hypertension) in the community frequently fail to meet treatment goals: a condition labelled as 'uncontrolled' hypertension. The optimal way to organise and deliver care to hypertensive patients has not been clearly identified. To determine the effectiveness of interventions to improve control of blood pressure in ...

To study the effect of nebivolol 5 mg once daily versus (S)-atenolol 25 mg once daily in patients with essential hypertension. A prospective study was conducted at RLJH and Research Centre which included 30 patients in each group with essential hypertension. The sex, age, presenting illness, and family history of ...

Background and objectives  In Mexico, hypertension is among the top five causes for visits to primary care clinics; its complications are among the main causes of emergency and hospital care. The present study reports the effectiveness of a continuing medical education (CME) intervention to improve appropriate care for hypertension, on ...

Heart disease is a major cause of death in young adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common and is associated with hypertension. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether there is a relationship between LVH and BP in children with CKD and whether ...

We planned a randomized, double blind clinical trial to evaluate whether an antihypertensive intervention at the proximal or distal level of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system could have different effects on a broad range of innovative cardiovascular risk biomarkers. A total of 288 hypertensive Caucasian patients (115 men and 113 women), aged ...

Aliskiren, a drug which inhibits the initial and rate-limiting step of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), recently approved for the treatment of hypertension, may become a reasonable therapeutic choice in a broad number of clinical conditions sharing an increased cardiovascular risk, where the inhibition of the RAAS has been ...

Activation of renal sympathetic nerves is key to pathogenesis of essential hypertension. We aimed to assess effectiveness and safety of catheter-based renal denervation for reduction of blood pressure in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. In this multicentre, prospective, randomised trial, patients who had a baseline systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg ...

The importance of tocolysis has been discussed extensively. Beta-2 adrenoceptor agonistic drugs like ritodrine have been the reference tocolytic drugs in most countries. Cardiovascular side-effects are frequent. Atosiban, a newer tocolytic drug, is a competitive antagonist of oxytocin and has fewer cardiovascular side effects. Although large studies exist, there is ...

The prevalence of hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) attributable to hypertension continues to rise worldwide. Identifying the precise prevalence of CKD attributable to hypertension is difficult owing to the absence of uniform criteria to establish a diagnosis of hypertensive nephropathy. Despite the increasing prevalence of ...

We tested hypotheses that disproportionately large placental size and vascular lesions were associated with high systolic blood pressure (SBP); and these associations might be more evident with age. The sample included 13 273 of 40 666 full-term singletons in the Collaborative Perinatal Project. Placentas were examined by pathologists blinded of ...

To examine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is affected by arterial oxygen content (CaO(2)) in attempted resuscitation to restore blood pressure from hemorrhagic shock (HS) or not. Under light anesthesia and spontaneous beating, 16 rats underwent HS for 80min, during which 3.0mL/100g of blood was withdrawn, followed by resuscitation ...

Multiple methods for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) exist. Their comparative capabilities are not clearly established. Healthy human subjects (n=21) underwent central hypovolaemia through progressive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) until the onset of presyncope, followed by termination of LBNP, to simulate complete resuscitation. Measurement ...

It has been suggested that dynamic foot and ankle mechanics predispose individuals with CAI to repetitive episodes of the ankle ``giving way.'' Plantar pressure variations during a walking gait have been detected in those with CAI, but more dynamic conditions for analysis are needed. The purpose of this study was ...

Evaluation of: Chen L, Caballero B, Mitchell DC et al.: Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with reduced blood pressure. A prospective study among United States adults. Circulation 121, 2398-2406 (2010). Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has been associated with the development and maintenance of obesity, as well as the ...

Shock index (SI) is recognized to be a more reliable early indicator of hemorrhage than traditional vital signs. Acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be associated with autonomic uncoupling and may therefore alter the reliability of SI in patients with combined TBI and peripheral hemorrhage. The aim of this study ...

Spironolactone is effective at treating difficult to control hypertension in the general population, and it is unknown if it is safe or effective for those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and difficult-to-control hypertension. In a retrospective cohort design, 88 patients with difficult-to-control hypertension study were assessed for blood pressure (BP) ...

People living in the hills are continuously exposed to strenuous physical activity for their day-to-day work. Besides hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy in different populations may be related to continuous physical activity. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure and sociodemographic information of 12 252 subjects > or = 30 years of age from three ...