PURPOSE: To compare four different femtosecond laser devices (IntraLase FS, Zeiss VisuMAX and Ziemer Femto LDV and a prototype Schwind SmartTech Nanolaser) in human donor eyes with regard to their effects on intraocular pressure during femtosecond laser flap cutting. In order to get cuts parallel to the corneal surface, the ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a novel ab interno trabeculectomy device on human trabecular meshwork (TM). DESIGN: Laboratory evaluation. METHODS: The TM from human cadaveric corneal rim tissue was incised using 3 instruments: (1) novel dual-blade device; (2) microvitreoretinal (MVR) blade; and (3) Trabectome. Tissue samples underwent histologic processing ...

Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola) is grown at high altitudes and northern latitudes. It is mainly used clinically as an adaptogen, but antihypertensive effects have been reported for the extract. These have not been well investigated, so in the present study, we evaluated the effect of Rhodiola-water extract on blood pressure in ...

AIM/BACKGROUND:: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained by rebound tonometry (Icare PRO tonometer), applanation tonometry (Goldmann and Perkins tonometry), and dynamic contour tonometry in the upright and the supine positions, and to investigate the influence of axial length and central corneal thickness. METHODS:: Ninety-nine right eyes of 99 patients ...

To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained with Goldmann applanation (GAT) and dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) in a Mexican population. 40 glaucoma patients were included in this cross-sectional observational cohort study. IOP measurements were performed in the following order: DCT, ultrasonic pachymetry and GAT, with a 5-minute difference between each ...

Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate pressure increases after intravitreal injections (IVI) and the interest in using prophylactic pressure-lowering medications. 
Methods. This was a prospective study of 250 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor IVI (ranibizumab) divided into 5 groups of 50 IVI (group 1: no intraocular pressure [IOP]-lowering ...

High-pressure electrical resistance measurements have been performed on single crystal Ba(0.5)Sr(0.5)Fe(2)As(2) platelets to pressures of 16 GPa and temperatures down to 10 K using designer diamond anvils under quasi-hydrostatic conditions with an insulating steatite pressure medium. The resistance measurements show evidence of pressure-induced superconductivity with an onset transition temperature at ∼31 K and ...

PURPOSE: TO EVALUATE THE SUPINE 24-H INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) RHYTHM REPRODUCIBILITY OVER 6 WEEKS IN HEALTHY HUMANS. METHODS: Six healthy young male subjects underwent six 24-h sessions of IOP measurements over a 6-week period. Subjects were housed in a sleep laboratory in a constant controlled supine position and in a ...

We evaluated the relation of systemic blood pressure with intraday variations in ocular perfusion pressure and intraocular pressure in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma in a telemedical home monitoring scenario. In the project Teletonometry Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (TTMV) patients were equipped with a home monitoring system for 24-hour self-measurements of intraocular pressure ...

Open-angle glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, and among the several risk factors, a high intraocular pressure represents the most consistent and the only one that can be modified in order to provide a significant impact over the course of the disease. High intraocular pressure is significantly associated to the onset ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the immediate and short-term effects of intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg/0.05 ml of bevacizumab on intraocular pressure related to different ocular axial lengths. DESIGN: A prospective case series of consecutive patients referred to the Department of Ophthalmology, San Pietro-Fatebenefratelli Hospital, from September 2011 through January 2011. METHODS: Twenty-five patients ...

Elevated eye pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma, and intraocular pressure rises when the balance between aqueous humor formation and outflow resistance is compromised. In a normal eye there is a precise tune of aqueous outflow under the fine control of ciliary body and trabecular meshwork. Current pharmacological ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States and worldwide. While lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) has been proven to be effective in delaying or preventing the onset of POAG in many large-scale prospective studies, one of the recent hot topics ...

To evaluate the role of antioxidant drugs in the tonometric increase that follows the closed eyelid test (CET), a predicitive test for glaucoma, after administration of antioxidant substances was observed. 30 subjects of 54.57+/=5.62 years, 13 males and 17 females, were examined by measuring the ocular pressure after 1 hour ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Intraocular pressure (IOP) may vary according to the change of ocular conditions. In this study, we want to assess the effect and mechanism of pupil dilation on IOP in normal subjects. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 32 eyes of 32 patients (age; 61.7 +/- 8.2 years) with normal open ...

PURPOSE: We sought to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by RKT-7700 and CT-80 noncontact tonometers (NCTs) with that measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). We also examined the influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) on the agreement between both NCTs and GAT in a sub-population of healthy, young normals. ...

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy of unknown origin. It has been hypothesized that a vascular component is involved in glaucoma pathophysiology. This hypothesis has gained support from studies showing that reduced ocular perfusion pressure is a risk factor for the disease. The exact nature of the involvement is, however, ...

Over the past decade, engineering principles have been used to explain why a mechanical load, intraocular pressure, can lead to the development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This has led to the 'biomechanical theory' of glaucoma, which posits that the behavior of optic nerve head connective tissues (specifically within the peripapillary ...

AIMS: To determine short-term repeatability of the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) reducing medication and the number of repeated measurements necessary to estimate therapeutic effect with a given degree of precision. METHODS: IOP was measured at 8:00, 11:00 and 16:00 h at each of three weekly visits in untreated patients ...

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrated the fabrication and hydrostatic pressure characteristics of a twin-core photonic crystal fiber (TC-PCF). Mode couplings in the TC-PCF for x- and y-polarizations were analyzed simultaneously using group effective index of guiding modes. The output spectrum of the TC-PCF was modulated due to the combined ...

The paper presents the development and demonstrates the capabilities of a new laboratory-based environmental X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system incorporating an electrostatic lens and able to acquire spectra up to 0.4 Torr. The incorporation of a two-dimensional detector provides imaging capabilities and allows the acquisition of angle-resolved data in parallel mode ...

Aims. To compare changes in vital signs and pain level experienced by patients during phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using either topical/intracameral or peribulbar anesthesia. Materials and Methods. In this prospective, parallel-group clinical study 46 consecutive patients (mean age 72.9 +/- 8.1 years) undergoing cataract surgery were randomized ...

The application of high hydrostatic pressure technology for enzymatic extraction of pectin was evaluated. Cellulase and xylanase under five different combinations (cellulase/xylanase: 50/0, 50/25, 50/50, 25/50, and 0/50U/g lime peel) at ambient pressure, 100 and 200MPa were used to extract pectin from dried lime peel. Extraction yield, galacturonic acid (GalA) ...

Two potassium (K) channel genes, Kcnk3 and Kcnk9, when deleted in mice, produced a model of hyperaldosteronism and hypertension. Our objective was to explore genetic variation [single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)] in KCNK3 and KCNK9 in relation to blood pressure (BP) and aldosterone production in humans. Two groups of healthy European Americans ...

We report on the realization of a capacitive dilatometer, designed for high-resolution measurements of length changes of a material for temperatures 1.4 K ≤ T ≤ 300 K and hydrostatic pressure P ≤ 250 MPa. Helium ((4)He) is used as a pressure-transmitting medium, ensuring hydrostatic-pressure conditions. Special emphasis has been ...

Reaction of methyl radicals with hydroxyl radicals, CH3 + OH  products (1) was studied using pulsed laser photolysis coupled to transient UV-vis absorption spectroscopy over the 294 - 714 K temperature and 1 - 100 bar pressure ranges (bath gas He). Methyl radicals were produced by photolysis of acetone ...

The effect of pressure on DL-alanine has been studied by X-ray powder diffraction (up to 8.3 GPa), single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy (up to ∼ 6 GPa). No structural phase transitions have been observed. At ∼ 1.5-2 GPa, cell parameters b and c become accidentally equal to each other, but the space-group symmetry does ...

Mitochondria produce cellular energy but also free-radicals, which damage cells despite an array of endogenous anti-oxidants. In Northern Europe, the mitochondrial haplogroup J has been related to longevity in nonagenarians and centenarians but also with age-related disease. Hypertension is an important contributor to atherosclerotic-related diseases and its pathogenesis is associated ...

Advances in genetic mapping and sequencing techniques have led to substantial progress in the study of rare monogenic (Mendelian) forms of abnormal blood pressure. Many disease-defining pathways for hypertension have been identified in the past two decades. Perturbations in renal salt handling appear to be a common mechanism underlying these ...

ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, reported either as a primary or secondary end point among patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) based on a meta-analysis of published studies.Data SourcesEnglish-language searches of PubMed, Ovid, and the Cochrane databases were completed. Reference ...

Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that consumption of omega (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contributes to the reduction of cardiovascular mortality through different mechanisms including modulation of cellular metabolic functions, gene expression and beneficial effects on lipid profile or blood pressure. The aim of the study is to review the ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) and hemodynamic responses following insertion of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or endotracheal tube (ETT) after anesthesia induction with propofol and remifentanil in cataract surgery. In a randomized controlled study, 50 adults scheduled for elective cataract extraction procedure under general ...

Intraocular pressure (IOP) has been reported to be associated with systemic blood pressure (SBP) in population based studies. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between IOP and arterial blood pressure in pregnant and menopausal Nigerian women. A longitudinal study of a hundred pregnant women aged 20 ...

OBJECTIVE: The dynamic relationship between 24 h diastolic and systolic ambulatory blood pressure (BP) expressed by the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) has been introduced as a novel measure of arterial function, which independently predicts cardiovascular mortality. This article reviews the published evidence on the features and the clinical relevance of AASI. ...

The voiding pressure flow study is the gold standard for evaluating micturition. Part 10 of the Traces series described techniques for evaluating micturition via the voiding pressure flow study; it focused on interpretation of results qualitatively via inspection and classification of flow pattern, detrusor contraction amplitude and duration, pelvic floor ...

Even in the present, pressure ulcers still represent a severe health problem, particularly in Intensive Care Units (ICU). This study assesses the implementation of a protocol to prevent pressure ulcers in ICU inpatients. This prospective, descriptive and exploratory study verifies the incidence of pressure ulcers following the implementation of a ...

We study the capillary rise of a viscous liquid in large Hele-Shaw models of disordered media, both analytically and experimentally. Compared to the Fries-Dreyer and Lucas-Washburn solutions for capillary rise with and without gravity, our experimental data reveal a systematic deviation at short and intermediate times. The original pressure balance ...

BACKGROUND: Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a key player in maintaining the intravascular volume and pressure during hemorrhagic shock. During the past 2 decades, animal studies, case reports, and reviews have documented the minimized blood loss and improved perfusion pressures in those receiving pressure support with AVP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A ...

The fixation with fixation: Microorganisms have converted atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia for millions of years under ambient conditions, whereas the Haber-Bosch process requires high pressures and temperatures. Some recent studies on the biological and synthetic generation of ammonia should contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of this reaction, ...

We studied the presence of primary resistance to raltegravir (RAL), natural polymorphisms, and selection pressure on HIV-1 integrase. We found a high frequency of integrase polymorphisms related to the resistance to RAL and sequence stability. Further studies are needed to determine the importance of these polymorphisms to RAL resistance.

Considering the central role of the concept of blood pressure reactivity to explanations of the influence of life stress in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, it is important that the underlying psychophysiological determinants of blood pressure change are elucidated. Empirical evidence is reviewed concerning the utility of the Hemodynamic Profile-Compensation ...

AIM/OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to examine if there has been any change in the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in the Nepalese population in the last two and half decades. A population-based cross-sectional study was done in Bhadrabas village area of Kathmandu valley to estimate the prevalence of ...

Part 10 of the Traces series focuses on urodynamics evaluation of micturition via the voiding pressure-flow study (VPS). This article reviews techniques for generating a high-quality voiding pressure-flow study and initial interpretation of findings. Part 11 of the Traces series will focus on advanced analysis of the VPS using nomograms ...

Increased left ventricular (LV) mass is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney failure. More frequent or extended hemodialysis (HD) has been hypothesized to have a beneficial effect on LV mass. Meta-analysis. MEDLINE literature search (inception to April 2011), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ...

Dialysate sodium prescription has major implications for hemodialysis tolerance but also for dialyzed patients' cardiovascular morbidity as a determinant factor of blood pressure. Biofeedback systems have been developed to drive dialysate conductivity in order to reach a prescribed serum sodium concentration, indirectly evaluated by a dialysate or an ultrafiltrate conductivity ...

BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular events associated with energy drink consumption have been reported, but few data exist to delineate the hemodynamic effects of energy drinks.OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of an energy drink versus caffeine supplementation on blood pressure (BP) indices as measured by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM).METHODS:Healthy, nonsmoking, normotensive volunteers (aged 18-45 ...

Fish oil was extracted from the viscera of African Catfish using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)). A Central Composite Design of Response Surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the SC-CO(2) extraction parameters. The oil yield (Y) as response variable was executed against the four independent variables, namely pressure, temperature, flow ...

Aqueous crude cold-water extract from the fruiting body of the culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus was assessed for activity against increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in mice. A 0.1% dexamethasone instillation was used to raise the intra-ocular pressure in the animals above the 21-mmHg threshold limit. The extract has intrinsic anti-hypertensive ...

Intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation has recently been identified as a risk factor for glaucoma progression. Further, decreases in intracranial pressure (ICP), with postulated increases in the translaminar pressure gradient across the lamina cribrosa, has been reported in glaucoma patients. We hypothesized that circadian fluctuations in IOP and the translaminar pressure ...

The first goal of medical therapy in glaucoma is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), and the fixed-combination medications are needed to achieve sufficiently low target IOP. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate IOP-lowering effect of the commonly used fixed-combination drugs containing 0.5% timolol. Pertinent publications ...