The objective of this study was to compare the difference between celecoxib and rofecoxib on blood pressure change. A retrospective review of medical records where the mean blood pressure in a 90-day period before and after start of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, celecoxib, and rofecoxib was compared. Data were abstracted ...

OBJECTIVE: During hypoxia, active substances released by the endothelium play a key role in the cardiovascular and respiratory responses elicited to optimize oxygen delivery. As hypercholesterolemia is a major cause of endothelial dysfunction, it may interfere with these responses. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied cardiovascular and ventilatory responses to acute ...

This study investigated the administration time-dependent antihypertensive efficacy of valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker. We studied 90 subjects (30 men and 60 women), 49.0+/-14.3 (mean+/-SD) years of age with stage 1 to 2 essential hypertension; they were randomly assigned to receive valsartan (160 mg/d) as a monotherapy either on ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of methylphenidate on heart rate and blood pressure in patients with acquired brain injury. DESIGN: The records of 60 consecutive hospitalized patients with acquired brain injury were reviewed for treatment with methylphenidate. Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria. Systolic ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether thiazolidinediones cause significant changes in intravascular volume, anemia, or chronic heart failure; to determine which thiazolidinedione, rosiglitazone or pioglitazone, has a greater propensity to cause these adverse effects; and to evaluate thiazolidinedione efficacy in patients with diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease who require hemodialysis. ...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and interdialytic weight gain are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), an important predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: In the London Daily/Nocturnal Hemodialysis Study, a group of patients receiving quotidian HD, either short daily (n = 11) or long nocturnal (n = 12), were ...

To determine the average reduction in blood pressure, prevalence of adverse effects, and reduction in risk of stroke and ischaemic heart disease events produced by the five main categories of blood pressure lowering drugs according to dose, singly and in combination. Meta-analysis of 354 randomised double blind placebo controlled trials ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate predictive preictal risk factors for fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a patient population with verified intracranial aneurysms without surgical selection of patients and with complete follow-up. METHODS: A total of 142 patients with 181 unruptured aneurysms diagnosed between 1956 ...

Evidence suggests that environmental factors acting early in life may affect blood pressure in adulthood. The objective was to test the hypothesis that dried formula milk (derived from cow milk) intake in infancy is positively associated with blood pressure in early adulthood. We conducted a long-term follow-up (1997-1999) of the ...

Previous studies on the potential influence of aspirin on blood pressure have not taken into consideration the chronopharmacological effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This pilot study investigates the effects of aspirin on blood pressure in untreated hypertensive patients who received aspirin at different times of the day according to their ...

To determine whether supplementation of infant formula milk with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) influences blood pressure in later childhood. Follow up of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Four study centres in Europe. 147 formula fed children, with a reference group of 88 breastfed children. In the original trial ...

This study was conducted to examine the effect of yoga on cardiovascular function in subjects above 40 yrs of age. Pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and Valsalva ratio were studied in 50 control subjects (not doing any type of physical exercise) and 50 study subjects who had been ...

Eight-seven patients with different types of diseases were treated with acupuncture, and the changes of their blood pressure were investigated. The results showed that the total level of systolic pressure in the 87 cases decreased (P < 0.05). Especially, the systolic pressure in patients accompanied with hypertension decreased significantly. It ...

This 6-month randomized study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sibutramine in 57 overweight Hispanic patients with hypertension. Following a 2-week washout to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension, antihypertensive medication was adjusted to achieve a blood pressure less than 140/90 mm Hg before institution of either sibutramine 10 mg or ...

Hypertension is the most widely treated cardiovascular risk factor, and there is clear evidence of the efficacy of treating systolic and diastolic blood pressure with existing antihypertensive agents in reducing stroke and cardiac disease. However, only about 25% of the US population has blood pressure controlled to at least 140 ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether hospitalization affects blood pressure control in hypertensive patients, and to identify factors associated with attainment of adequate blood pressure control and with aggressive pharmacologic treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Eighty-one hospitals throughout Italy. PATIENTS: A total of 3,304 patients (59% women, 41% men) with a ...

Recent studies show that healthy subjects and patients with moderate hypertension have different pressor responses to hyperventilation, depending on their sympathoadrenergic reactivity. In the present study, we investigated whether a different response to the hyperventilation test is related to differences in the daily blood pressure profiles recorded with noninvasive ambulatory ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of an evidence-based, systematic approach to hypertension care involving comanagement of patients by primary care physicians and clinical pharmacists versus usual care in reducing blood pressure in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. METHODS: Patients in a staff model medical group with uncontrolled hypertension were randomized to ...

BACKGROUND: Hip fracture is associated with significant mortality and disability. Patients who are discharged from the hospital with active clinical problems may have worse outcomes than those patients without active clinical problems. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and impact of clinical problems at discharge on clinical and functional hip fracture ...

BACKGROUND: Besides lowering lipid levels, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) modulate endothelial function and decrease vascular tone. The effect of statin therapy on blood pressure has not been previously examined in renal transplant recipients. METHODS: We identified 113 stable recipients with graft survival>1 year and started on a ...

At present, three methods are practiced to intensify hemodialysis (HD): 3 times weekly, 8-hour HD, short daily HD and slow daily nocturnal HD. Three times weekly 8-hour dialysis increase both the dialysis dose and time. The longest experiences are in Tassin. Five-year survival in Tassin was better in all age ...

BACKGROUND: We assessed how many patients on long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC) (i) suffer from arterial hypertension (AH), (ii) are aware of AH, (iii) need improvement of their therapy and (iv) suffer from cerebral bleeding. METHODS: Outpatients on long-term OAC were asked to measure blood pressure at least 4 times. Blood ...

This study examined the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on blood pressure and psychosocial status in clients with essential hypertension. The study, which used a quasi-experimental design, recruited a convenience sample of 40 subjects from a hypertension outpatient clinic. Twenty subjects received PMR training once a week and practiced ...

Dialysis-associated hypotension is a morbid problem in haemodialysis patients. Employment of midodrine at the start of dialysis has reduced the severity and frequency of hypotensive episodes in these patients. Through selective alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor-binding, desglymidodrine, the active metabolite of midodrine, raises blood pressure by enhancing venous and arterial tone. This medication ...

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the changes in blood pressure and the pulse rate of hypertensive patients having dental extraction under a local anesthetic containing a vasopressor. The study included 64 patients (42 female and 22 male), 38 to 78 years of age. Twenty-six of the patients ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether subjects whose therapy was converted from losartan or valsartan to irbesartan maintained equivalent blood pressure measurements, determine the safety and tolerability of irbesartan in the veteran population, and assess the number of subjects attaining their goal blood pressure before and after conversion. METHODS: A retrospective review ...

In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, we investigated the long-term effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure. A total of 439 Japanese subjects with atrophic gastritis initially participated in the trial using vitamin C and beta-carotene to prevent gastric cancer. Before and on early termination of beta-carotene supplementation, 134 ...

Whereas clinic blood pressure (CBP) above normality is divided into stages, no corresponding classifications are available for 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). We conducted a study (1) to define stages of hypertension by ABP corresponding to CBP stages and (2) to evaluate if these stages have prognostic impact similar to ...

OBJECTIVE: The reasons for the relationship between inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) and incidence of cardiovascular diseases are poorly understood. This study explored the hypothesis that ISPs are associated with future hypertension and age-related blood pressure increase. METHODS AND RESULTS: Blood pressure and plasma levels of fibrinogen, alpha1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and ...

BACKGROUND: Most cardiovascular events associated with hypertension are complications of atherosclerosis. Some antihypertensive agents influence experimental models of atherosclerosis through mechanisms independent of blood pressure lowering. METHODS AND RESULTS: The European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis (ELSA) was a randomized, double-blind trial in 2334 patients with hypertension that compared the effects ...

BACKGROUND: The long-term prognostic associations of pre- and post-dialysis blood pressures, interdialytic weight gain, and antihypertensive use in hemodialysis patients are unclear. METHODS: The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Waves 3 and 4 Study, a randomly generated sample of 11,142 subjects receiving hemodialysis on December ...

CONTEXT: Blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) rates for hypertension fall far short of the US national goal of 50% or more. Achievable control rates in varied practice settings and geographic regions and factors that predict improved blood pressure control are not well identified. OBJECTIVE: To determine the success and ...

Hypertensive hemodialysis patients noncompliant for their medications do not benefit from pharmacologic advances in the treatment of high blood pressure, and increase their already high risk of cardiovascular complications. The medical staff often becomes frustrated by severe hypertension in those who refuse to take medicines at home, drink excessive fluids, ...

Few studies have investigated the reproducibility of responses to antihypertensive therapies. The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of the blood pressure response to a thiazide diuretic, a preferred initial treatment for hypertension. Twenty-two subjects who underwent monotherapy with hydrochlorothiazide as part of a study to identify ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the community pharmacist's capacity to positively influence the results of antihypertensive drug therapy through a pharmaceutical care program and to determine what factors limit the program. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled study. SETTING: Private pharmacy caring for a semiliterate, rural Portuguese population. PATIENTS: Random sample of 100 patients with ...

National guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension recommend sodium reduction, weight loss, the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and regular aerobic exercise. However, no trial has assessed the efficacy of simultaneously implementing all of these recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the effects ...

BACKGROUND: After the double-blind, placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial ended in February 1997, randomized patients were offered active study medication for a further period of observation. OBJECTIVE: To refine the estimates of the long-term effects of antihypertensive therapy on the incidence of dementia. METHODS: Eligible patients had no ...

To determine whether any vital signs can be used to quickly identify brain lesions in patients with impaired consciousness. Cross sectional observational study. Emergency department of an urban hospital, Japan. 529 consecutive patients (mean age 65 years) presenting with impaired consciousness (score <15 on the Glasgow coma scale) during 2000. ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of spinal manipulation on blood pressure. DESIGN: This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of chiropractic spinal manipulation and diet with diet alone for lowering blood pressure in participants with high-normal blood pressure or stage I hypertension. Blood pressure observers were blinded to treatment group. ...

CONTEXT: Drug intervention in placebo-controlled trials has been beneficial in isolated systolic hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that losartan improves outcome better than atenolol in patients with isolated systolic hypertension and electrocardiographically documented left ventricular hypertrophy (ECG-LVH). DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study conducted in 1995-2001. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A ...

Blood pressure is affected by situational anxiety, such as the white coat effect. We hypothesised that blood pressure would also be affected by anticipation of a blood test. Volunteer subjects were recruited on the campus of Birmingham University. Subjects were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. After a period ...

Olmesartan medoxomil is a new angiotensin II receptor blocker. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil was assessed in 334 patients with moderate to severe essential hypertension. Patients were randomized to receive placebo; 5, 20, or 80 mg olmesartan medoxomil q.d.; or 2.5, 10, ...

BACKGROUND: The African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) is an ongoing trial to evaluate the effect of blood pressure and choice of antihypertensive drug on the rate of decline of renal function. OBJECTIVE: To present the success of the AASK in achieving the trial's rigorous blood pressure ...

BACKGROUND: In a quantitative overview of published trials, we investigated whether some pharmacological properties of antihypertensive drugs, besides reduction in blood pressure, explain cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive or high-risk patients. METHODS: Across trials, using meta-regression, we correlated odds ratios with differences in systolic blood pressure between study groups. We then ...

Hypertension is very common and contributes to the high cardiovascular morbidity in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis therapy. However, the accuracy of blood pressure measurement in this population has not been well studied. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 270 patients at seven outpatient hemodialysis units. Predialysis and postdialysis seated blood ...

Omapatrilat simultaneously inhibits neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme, increasing levels of vasodilatory peptides while decreasing production of angiotensin II. This study evaluated the clinical effects of withdrawal of omapatrilat after a patient's hypertension had been controlled (seated diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) on omapatrilat for at least 6 months, ...

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of increased blood pressure associated with the use of salsalate in an elderly patient with no prior history of hypertension. CASE SUMMARY: A 78-year-old white man with no prior history of hypertension initiated salsalate therapy for low-back pain. Over the 15 months prior to the ...

Serum albumin predicts survival in end-stage renal failure. The literature has emphasized the dependence of albumin on inflammation. We previously proposed an independent relationship with overhydration. To date, there is no proven therapy that increases serum albumin in dialysis patients. We investigated whether decreasing dry weight increases serum albumin in ...

This study was conducted to compare the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability, over 12 weeks, of a losartan-based treatment regimen and placebo in patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Three hundred eight patients > or =35 years of age with isolated systolic hypertension, defined as trough sitting blood pressure between 140 and ...

The authors evaluated the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension based on medical record review of charts between 1998 and 1999 in a multispecialty physician practice group. Two age-stratified random samples of ambulatory medical records were examined (393 patients aged > or =65 years and 251 patients aged 50-64 years). The ...