This study investigated the differences in pharmacokinetic, urodynamic and haemodynamic parameters in female Beagle dogs in which blood sampling and urethral pressure profiles were performed over 24 h periods, after single or three times daily (T0-T6h-T12h) administration of phenylpropanolamine (PPA). Maximal concentration (Cmax) was reached 2 h after PPA administration ...

A large body of work has investigated the influence of the excitation pulse, agent size distribution, and the ambient pressure on the subharmonic response of microbubble contrast agents (MCA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal evolution of the subharmonic emissions, i.e., whether the subharmonic response is ...

The SLC12 family encodes electroneutral cation-coupled chloride cotransporters that are critical for several physiological processes including cell volume regulation, modulation of intraneuronal chloride concentration, transepithelial ion movement, and blood pressure regulation. Members of this family are the targets of the most commonly used diuretic drugs, have been shown to be ...

Using theories of affect and queer temporality, this article examines Split Britches' Lost Lounge as lesbian resistance to the pressures to remember or forget the past, condemn or embrace the future. In this piece, butch-femme duo Peggy Shaw and Lois Weaver develop a retro performativity that pushes back against systems ...

We investigate the impact of cascaded third harmonic generation and the intrinsic n₄ material nonlinearity on the propagation of ultrashort pulses in noble-gas filled Kagome fibers. We show that the pressure tunability of the cascade allows for the implementation of temporal switching. We also investigate the relative strengths of both ...

The scientific literature clearly establishes the occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) accidents and myocardial ischemic episodes is unevenly distributed during the 24 h. Such temporal patterns result from corresponding temporal variation in pathophysiologic mechanisms and cyclic environmental triggers that elicit the onset of clinical events. Moreover, both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ...

OBJECTIVES : To compare the agreement, precision and repeatability of end tidal carbon dioxide () and transcutaneous carbon dioxide () with partial pressure of arterial CO(2) () in postoperative neonates. PATIENTS: Fifty mechanically ventilated neonates without lung disease, and with no contraindications for either or monitoring. INTERVENTIONS: Paired and values ...

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic portal hypertension is a rare cause of portal hypertension, frequently misdiagnosed as cryptogenic cirrhosis. This study evaluates specific findings at hepatic vein catheterisation or liver stiffness in idiopathic portal hypertension. METHODS: 39 cases of idiopathic portal hypertension patients were retrospectively reviewed. Hepatic vein catheterisation and liver stiffness measurements ...

In this review we summarize the role of liver biopsy, transient elastography and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with liver cirrhosis. Transient elastography is useful for the non-invasive diagnosis of cirrhosis, but relevant information is lost if it is used as a dichotomous ...

A new in-house ambient pressure XPS (AP-XPS) was designed for the study of surfaces of materials under reaction conditions and during catalysis. Unique features of this in-house AP-XPS are the use of monochromated Al Kα and integration of a minimized reaction cell, and working conditions of up to 500 °C ...

Plantar pressure measurements are regularly utilised while assessing patients with in-shoe systems allowing for discrete assessment. In the present study a new portable system capable of continuous monitoring of plantar pressure is assessed for its repeatability when compared to another commercially available and widely used system.

Abdominal wall plication is known to cause increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). Whether plication-associated increased IAP causes lower extremity venous stasis, a recognized risk factor for DVT, remains unknown. A 55-year-old woman had a unilateral pedicled TRAM procedure for mastectomy reconstruction. Prior to plication, duplex ultrasound measured proximal femoral vein (PFV) ...

BACKGROUND:: Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent findings for the association between air pollution levels and blood pressure (BP), which has been studied mainly in elderly subjects. Short-term air pollution effects on BP have not been investigated in pregnant women, who may constitute a vulnerable population. METHODS:: Between 2002 and 2006, ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate interrater reliability of the craniocervical flexion test (CCFT) on asymptomatic subjects. A cross-sectional repeated-measures study design was used. Thirty asymptomatic subjects (15 men and 15 women; mean age, 33.7 years; range, 22-48 years) were recruited for the study. Subjects were positioned in ...

In patients affected by intra-abdominal hypertension, bladder or gastric pressure measurement may be usefully integrated by ultrasounds in order to detect early hemodynamic impairment. The purpose of this study was to search for changes in abdominal vein size and flow induced by intra-abdominal hypertension. Physiologic study. Postoperative intensive care unit ...

The evidence suggests that arterial stiffness acts as an independent predictor of general as well as cardiovascular mortality, strokes in patients with arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly, and in the general population. The oscillometric method measures parameters of arterial stiffness by applying special methods of processing ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the repeatability and reproducibility of the PT100 noncontact tonometer and to compare its consistency with the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in measuring intraocular pressure (IOP). Triplicate IOP measurements were obtained on two separate occasions using the PT100 and GAT from randomly selected ...

To compare the early and late urodynamic assessment of simplified Indiana pouch with multiple taeniamyotomies (SIPMT). Between April 1999 and May 2005, 62 consecutive patients underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and SIMPT. Cystometry and efferent tract pressure profilometry were performed at 12 (early) and 48 (late) months after RC in 32 ...

The histological counterpart of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is usual interstitial pneumonia, in which areas of fibrosis of various ages are interspersed with normal lung. This pattern could be explained by repeated episodes of lung injury followed by abnormal wound healing responses. The cause of the initiating alveolar epithelial injury is ...

To investigate the progression of urodynamic changes, as well as histological and biochemical outcomes over a prolonged period of partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) in an animal model with physiologically relevant pBOO. Healthy, adult, female Fischer rats underwent surgical creation of a pBOO for either 2, 4, 8, or 13 ...

Until recently, the bladder urothelium had been thought of only as a physical barrier between urine and underlying bladder tissue. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that the urothelium is sensitive to mechanical stimuli and responds by releasing signaling molecules (NO, ATP). This study sought to investigate the role of select ...

To study the role of α(2)-adrenoceptors (α(2)-AR) in micturition of anaesthetized male rats, with specific focus on the effects on the electrical activity (by electromyography, EMG) of the rhabdosphincter, and actual urinary flow rate, as the effects mediated by α(2)-ARs on sphincter activity and urethral pressures have not been established. ...

Adequate urodynamic assessment of bladder behavior is essential in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Ambulatory urodynamics are more sensitive to detect detrusor overactivity (DO) than conventional urodynamics. The primary objective of this study was to determine the value of ambulatory urodynamics for the diagnosis of DO in SCI patients compared ...

Near infrared spectroscopy is a technology with the potential to diagnose bladder outlet obstruction noninvasively. We investigated the correlation between the near infrared spectroscopy algorithm classification of obstructed or unobstructed (based on near infrared spectroscopy pattern, maximum flow rate and post-void residual) and pressure flow studies in men with lower ...

To study the patients with hypospadias for urinary tract anomalies, bladder functions and the anatomical changes in the urethra, bladder and ureters. 65 cases of untreated hypospadias (14 anterior, 46 mid penile, 5 posterior penile) presenting between 1 and 14 years age were evaluated with ultrasonography, urodynamic study, uroflowmetry and ...

A portable and removable thoraco-pelvic orthosis for patient immobilization after neonatal primary bladder exstrophy closure is described. The device is made of a polyethylene shell, moulded at 170°C, coated inside with a 5 mm pad of plastazote and works applying a constant gentle pressure on the hips.

To determine the catheter perfusion and withdrawal rate which generate the most repeatable single (SCPP) and multichannel pressure profilometry (MCPP) profiles in a bench model. A bench model using a urethral substitute was developed in which SCPP and MCPP were performed using the Brown-Wickham method. One single channel and four ...

In vivo animal cystometry represents an accepted methodology for the study of lower urinary tract physiology. A particular advantage of the mouse model is the availability of genetically modified strains, offering the possibility of linking individual genes to relevant physiological events. However, small voided volumes complicate the ability to obtain ...

Contraction of ureteral smooth muscle drives the urine bolus to the urinary bladder for storage prior to micturition. This study describes a novel approach to the measurement of ureteral pressure generation in vitro and the influence of distending pressure on acetylcholine-stimulated ureteral lumenal pressure generation. Isolated segments of ureters obtained ...

In multiple system atrophy (MSA), parkinsonism and a cerebellar syndrome are associated with autonomic dysfunction. Both bladder neck dysfunction and external sphincter denervation have been implicated in detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. However, urethral dysfunction may not be adequately reflected by a single global measurement of urethral pressure. Pressure assessment at several levels ...

To establish a reference interval for intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measured by urinary bladder catheterization in normal cats and determine if IAP is affected by observer variation, volume of saline instillation before measurement, or subject variables of gender, positioning, body condition score, and sedation. Prospective experimental study. Private referral center. Twenty ...

We assessed the accuracy of urinary detection by visualization compared with a method using the urethral channel of a transurethral, three-channel urodynamic catheter. This was a case series of 52 patients presenting with stress urinary incontinence over 2 years. Patients underwent video-urodynamic studies in both the supine and the erect ...

OBJECTIVES: To establish the contribution of the anterior fibromuscular stroma to the urethral resistance in an ex vivo human prostate model. The anterior fibromuscular stroma constitutes the anterior portion of the prostatic surgical capsule. METHODS: An intact bladder and prostate were obtained from 10 patients who had undergone cystoprostatectomy. The ...

The need for an indwelling transurethral catheter in patients with postoperative thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is a matter of controversy. Subjective observations are ambivalent and the literature addressing this issue is scarce. As segmental blockade can be achieved with epidural analgesia, we hypothesized that analgesia within segments T4-T11 has no ...

PURPOSE: We studied the in vivo biomechanical properties of the anterior urethra in a rabbit hypospadias simulation model at long-term followup after urethroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 38, 9-week-old white New Zealand male rabbits were randomized into active treatment and control groups. The active treatment group included hypospadias-like ...

Previous studies have reported immunoreactive opioid nerve fibers in the detrusor and lower urinary tract sphincters. However, there is a paucity of in vivo studies demonstrating the direct effect of endogenous opioids in these structures. In the present study, we investigated the contractile actions of intra-arterially administered exogenous Dynorphin-A, Met-enkephalin, ...

Initial care of newborns with spina bifida centers on preventing bladder and upper tract damage from detrusor leak point pressure of greater than 40 cm H(2)O. The authors recommend using urodynamic-based management to select patients with elevated pressures for anticholinergic therapy and intermittent catheterization (CIC), using diapers and observation with ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate bladder function following laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, with a focus on de novo detrusor underactivity. METHODS: Records on pre- and postoperative urodynamic studies were retrospectively investigated in 110 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Patients exhibiting de novo detrusor underactivity were selected ...

To develop a simple, rapid (8 min) non-invasive non-catheter method for draining urine from the bladder, with no introduction of infection. This is of interest to men with incomplete or no bladder emptying, and also to those with a large diverticulum. There are no running costs. It could also be ...

Elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for pelvic floor disorders. However, limited evidence exists due to the lack of instruments suitable to measure abdominal pressures in real world settings. The aim of this study was to develop and test a vaginal sensor prototype to measure ...

The inhibition of bladder sensory transmission is critical for the pharmacotherapy of urine storage symptoms. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between pharmacologically-induced changes in cystometric parameters and spinal c-Fos expression in anesthetized rats with bladder hyperactivity induced by the intravesical infusion of acetic acid. Animals ...

We investigated the role of K(ATP) channel on acute urinary retention (AUR) induced bladder dysfunction. Eight-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: a sham-operated control group, an AUR group, and five AUR groups treated with: two different K(ATP) channel openers namely nicorandil (3 or 10mg/kg), or cromakalim (100 ...

To determine the functional innervation of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and whether there is PFM activity during an external pressure increase to the bladder in female rats. Thirty-one female adult virgin Sprague-Dawley rats received an external increase in bladder pressure until urinary leakage was noted while bladder pressure was ...

INTRODUCTION: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) have been identified as a cause of organ dysfunction and mortality in critically ill patients. The diagnosis of IAH/ACS depends on accurate intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement, which is usually performed via the bladder or the stomach.The aim of this study was ...

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has not received widespread clinical application because of its technical challenge. Bovine serum albumin glutaraldehyde (BSAG) is a hemostatic agent that is independent of the clotting cascade. We evaluated the use of BSAG as the sole agent for parenchymal and collecting system closure during LPN ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a single transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided transperineal injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) to the external urethral sphincter (EUS) for treating detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia (DESD). DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital affiliated with a medical university. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (N=18) with suprasacral spinal cord injury ...

Fish must orient in three dimensions as they navigate through space, but it is unknown whether they are assisted by a sense of depth. In principle, depth can be estimated directly from hydrostatic pressure, but although teleost fish are exquisitely sensitive to changes in pressure, they appear unable to measure ...

BACKGROUND: Gastric leak testing after natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) gastrotomy closure may help reduce the risk of leaks after transgastric procedures. OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel endoscopy-based system to determine the presence of a leak after NOTES gastrotomy and to compare this system prospectively with radiographic leak testing. ...

This study seeks to evaluate axial variation, comparisons with current technology, performance during dynamic conditions, and patient tolerability of the urethral sleeve sensor (USS) for maximal urethral closure pressure (MUCP) measurements. Eighteen continent and seven stress incontinent women underwent assessments with USS and urethral pressure profilometry (UPP) in random order. ...

We created a rat model with a retroflexed bladder that mimicked the loss of the posterior urethrovesical angle and compared the results with sham-surgery rats for the establishment of rat models of stress urinary incontinence. The retroflexed bladder was created by stitching the bladder posteriorly to the psoas muscle. Sneeze-induced ...