The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Blood Pressure Trial reported no differences in most cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes between intensive and standard blood pressure therapy in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Many such individuals are centrally obese. Here we evaluate whether the trial outcomes varied ...

Supraglottic airway devices play an important role in ophthalmic surgery. The flexible laryngeal mask airway (LMA™) is generally the preferred airway device. However, there are no studies comparing it with the Cobra perilaryngeal airway (CobraPLA™) in pediatric ophthalmic procedures. To analyze the intraoperative device stability and ability to maintain normocarbia ...

It was designed and constructed a new thermogravitational column able to operate at high pressures (up to 50 MPa). This new thermogravitational column is of the cylindrical type with closed ends. It is made of stainless steel. The length of the column is 0.5 m and the gap between its ...

This study sought to assess whether renal sympathetic denervation (RSDN) can be achieved using an off-the-shelf saline-irrigated radiofrequency ablation (RFA) catheter typically employed for cardiac tissue ablation. RSDN using a specialized solid-tip RFA catheter has recently been demonstrated to safely reduce systemic blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension. For ...

High-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment leads to relatively little symptomatic improvement in patients with functional chest pain (FCP). This study was to evaluate the use of smooth muscle segmental changes in esophageal contraction as measured by topographical plots of high resolution manometry (HRM) as predictive factors of the response ...

This article presents a miniature, high-sensitivity, all-silica Fabry-Perot fiber-optic sensor suitable for simultaneous measurements of pressure and temperature. The proposed sensor diameter does not exceed 125 μm and consists of two low-finesse Fabry-Perot resonators created at the tip of an optical fiber. The first resonator is embodied in the form ...

Progress in the knowledge of the water saturation curve is required to improve the accuracy of the calibrations in humidity. In order to achieve this objective, the LNE-CETIAT and the LNE-CNAM have jointly built a facility dedicated to the measurement of the saturation vapor pressure and temperature of pure water. ...

PaCO2 is an important factor in the regulation of cerebral circulation, and it is often used to reduce intracranial pressure through hyperventilation during neurosurgery. Changes in concentration can cause changes in CBF (cerebral blood flow). 20-HETE is a product of CYP4A-mediated AA (arachidonic acid) metabolism and is a powerful endogenous ...

Accurate measurement and display of arterial blood pressure is essential for rational management of adult cardiac surgical patients. Because of the lower risk of complications, noninvasive monitoring methods gain importance. A newly developed continuous noninvasive arterial blood pressure (CNAP™) monitor is available and has been validated perioperatively. In a prospective ...

Choking under pressure occurs when an individual underperforms due to situational pressure. The present study examined whether being the target of a positive social stereotype regarding math ability causes choking among men. Gender identification and self-consciousness were hypothesized to moderate the effect of math-gender stereotypes on men's math test performance. ...

Abstract Aims. To assess safety and efficacy of valsartan/amlodipine combination in hypertensive Taiwanese patients. Methods. This 12-week, multi-center, prospective, observational, post-marketing study enrolled 1029 patients to receive valsartan/amlodipine combination alone or as add-on to other antihypertensives. Efficacy was evaluated by blood pressure (BP) control rate (in mmHg; non-diabetics, < 140/90; diabetics, ...

To describe noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation use in intensive care unit clinical practice, factors associated with NPPV failure and the associated prognosis. A prospective cohort study. Medical disorders (59%) and elective surgery (21%) were the main causes for admission to the intensive care unit. The main indications for the initiation of ...

Hypertension and obesity in children are increasing concerns worldwide. A cross-sectional study of hypertension in relation to overweight/obesity was conducted in 2009 among schoolchildren aged 6-16 years in Aden, Yemen. Using multistage stratified random sampling 1885 children were classified into wasted, normal weight, overweight and obese according to body mass ...

Uncontrolled blood pressure remains a major public health issue. Medication adherence is a key factor in blood pressure management; however, adherence behavior is not clearly understood and the most significant factors contributing to poor medication adherence and blood pressure control are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine ...

The goal of this study was to determine the optimal target-controlled concentration of remifentanil combined with desflurane, by using a more widely and decreasing end-tidal concentration of desflurane. Ninety ASA I patients, who underwent general anesthesia for elective orthopedic or extremity surgeries, were registered and randomly allocated to receive either ...

Studies evaluating the human pylorus as a sphincter are scanty and contradictory. Recently, we have shown technical feasibility of transposing the human pylorus for end-stage fecal incontinence. This unique cohort of patients provided us an opportunity to study the sphincter properties of the pylorus in its ectopic position. Antro-pylorus transposition ...

A lumped parameter resonator capable of generating megapascal pressures at low frequency (kilohertz) is described. Accelerometers are used to determine the applied pressure, and are calibrated with a piezoelectric sample. A laser diagnostic was also developed to measure the pressure in semiconductor samples through the band gap pressure dependence. In ...

Objective-To assess the effects of dopamine and dobutamine on the blood pressure of isoflurane-anesthetized Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis). Animals-8 Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. Procedures-A randomized crossover study was conducted. Each bird was anesthetized (anesthesia maintained by administration of 2.5% isoflurane in oxygen) and received 3 doses of each drug during ...

Esophageal pressure monitoring during polysomnography in children offers a gold-standard, “preferred” assessment for work of breathing, but is not commonly used in part because prospective data on incremental clinical utility are scarce. We compared a standard pediatric apnea/hypopnea index to quantitative esophageal pressures as predictors of apnea-related neurobehavioral morbidity and ...

BACKGROUND: /st>This observational study was designed to evaluate the reliability and precision of a new digital photoplethysmographic device (Nexfin, BMEYE B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands) for continuous and non-invasive assessment of arterial pressure and cardiac output. METHODS: /st>Fifty consecutive adult subjects were prospectively enrolled at admission to the intensive care unit ...

To determine the clinical and urodynamic differences in the presentation and the value of simultaneous fluoroscopy in dysfunctional voiding (DV) and primary bladder neck obstruction (PBNO); the 2 most common causes of non-neurogenic "functional" bladder outlet obstruction in women. A review of our urodynamic study database (March 2003 to August ...

Selenium is an antioxidant micronutrient with potential associations with hypertension. Few studies have investigated the association of serum selenium concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in countries with low dietary selenium intake such as Germany, with inconsistent findings. We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of participants in the Lipid Analytic Cologne ...

BACKGROUND: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can improve respiratory mechanics during pneumoperitoneum, but may influence intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure. This study investigated the changes in hemodynamic parameters and cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO(2)) associated with 10 cmH(2)O PEEP during pneumoperitoneum while undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under propofol anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty patients aged 18-60 years ...

INTRODUCTION: Combat Gauze (CG) is currently the most widely used hemostatic dressing in combat. The testing of CG was initially performed in healthy and physiologically normal animals. The goal this study was to assess the efficacy in a model of severe acidosis and coagulopathy. METHODS: To obtain an acidotic and ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemodynamic changes with the use of 4% articaine and 2 different concentrations of epinephrine (1:100,000 and 1:200,000) in the surgical removal of symmetrically positioned lower third molars. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was carried out involving 42 patients each undergoing 2 surgeries on separate ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cilnidipine tablets to treat Chinese patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, and to examine the ability of Cilnidipine to lower blood pressure without eliciting unfavorable side effects. Medical databases and review articles were screened for randomized ...

About one third of the population worldwide is supposed to be salt sensitive which is a major cause for arterial hypertension later in life. For preventive actions it is thus desirable to identify salt-sensitive individuals before the appearance of clinical symptoms. Recent observations suggest that the vascular endothelium consists of ...

We conducted a study to determine the degree of personal protection provided by the Terminix® ALLCLEAR® Mosquito Mister-Lantern Edition. This outdoor unit was operated to disperse an aerosolized aqueous 0.3% geraniol emulsion in timed-release intervals of 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0min. Human volunteers participated in landing catch experiments to test the ...

The purpose of this study is to explore possible potential implications of cold air in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in rats. Healthy Wistar rats were exposed to artificial cold air under laboratory conditions, and their systolic blood pressure, heart rate, vasoconstriction, CVD risk factors, and myocardial damage indicators after cold ...

Left ventricular (LV) relaxation is influenced by vascular loads imposed on the heart. The current study investigated the influence of the timing and magnitude of arterial wave reflection on LV isovolumic pressure relaxation, with a specific focus on the aging process. Fisher 344 rats aged 6, 18, and 24months were ...

Background: to assess the performance of different expiratory valves and the resistance of helmet outlet ports at increasing gas flow rates. Methods: a gas flow-meter was connected to 10 different expiratory peep valves: 1 water-seal valve, 4 precalibrated fixed PEEP valves and 5 adjustable PEEP valves. Three new valves of ...

OBJECTIVE: Low cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSF-P) may be involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. We measured the optic nerve subarachnoid space width (ONSASW) as a surrogate for orbital CSF-P in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with normal and high pressure and a control group. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. PARTICIPANTS: ...

Although the cerebrovasculature is known to be exquisitely sensitive to CO(2), there is no consensus on whether the sympathetic nervous system plays a role in regulating cerebrovascular responses to changes in arterial CO(2). To address this question we investigated human cerebrovascular CO(2) reactivity in healthy participants randomly assigned to the ...

AIMS:: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can be diagnosed in asymptomatic stage, measuring ankle-brachial index (ABI). Low ABI is an indicator of increased cardiovascular risk and its inclusion to traditional risk factors can improve risk prediction. The objective of the present cross-sectional part of our large-scale, multicenter, observational study was to ...

Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in hypertensive patients. We designed this study to clarify the impacts of clinic and ambulatory BPV in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD). We performed ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in 457 hypertensive patients. Visit-to-visit BPV and ambulatory BPV were ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: We investigated 1) the frequency of hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes graded by the new classification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) reported by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and 2) the number of antihypertensive agents needed to achieve treatment goals using a prospective observational ...

OBJECTIVE:Uncertainty exists over the size of potential beneficial effects of medical treatments targeting hematoma growth in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We report associations of hematoma growth parameters on clinical outcomes in the pilot phase, Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT1) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00226096). METHODS:In randomized patients with both ...

BACKGROUND: Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is progressively impaired with aortic stenosis (AS) severity. However, there is a broad range of CFR in patients with severe AS, and the factors responsible for this variability are weakly characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the correlates of noninvasive CFR in ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the association of video games playing time with cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study comprised 181 adolescents (88 girls), aged 13- to 17 years old. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was measured by accelerometry, and video game playing time in ...

In this research kinematics parameters derived from ground reaction forces were evaluated to limit differential diagnoses and measure the degree of disabilities during walking among neuropathic subjects. 25 neuropathic subjects affected by drop foot and 20 normal subjects were enrolled in the study. Each subject was tested in average 10±2 ...

BACKGROUND: /st>Because recovery of an efficient swallowing reflex is a determining factor for the recovery of airway protective reflexes, we have studied the influence of the tracheostomy tube cuff pressure (CP) on the swallowing reflex in tracheotomized patients. METHODS: /st>Twelve conscious adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients who had been ...

This population-based health survey was carried out in Florianopolis, Brazil, to assess the association between adult systolic blood pressure (SBP) and contextual income level, after controlling for potential individual-level confounders. A statistically significant negative association between SBP levels and contextual income was identified after adjusting for individual-level characteristics. SBP levels ...

BACKGROUND: In congenital aortic stenosis, chronic pressure load has detrimental effects on left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function. Reduction in LV pressure load with balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAVP) may improve diastolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS: Echocardiographic and catheterization data for 25 consecutive patients undergoing BAVP for congenital aortic stenosis ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High blood pressure is one of the main risk factors for cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs). There is limited evidence from one randomized trial that blood pressure-lowering is able to slow WML progression. We investigated whether telmisartan prevents WML progression in the imaging substudy of the Prevention ...

Aim Frequent ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) may cause haemodynamic deterioration and reversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. We aimed to clarify this mechanism. The haemodynamics, echocardiographic parameters, and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level were assessed in 31 patients with idiopathic, frequent VPCs undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation. The patients were classified ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare in vitro physical and mechanical characteristics of 1-layer and 2-layer end-to-end jejunoileostomy. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro experimental study. ANIMALS: Adult horses (n = 6). METHODS: Harvested equine jejunum and ileum was used to create 1- and 2-layer end-to-end jejunoileostomy specimens. Construction time, bursting pressure, and relative lumen ...

The objective was to analyze pulse wave velocity (PWV) in normotensive, high-normal, and hypertensive youths by using aortic-derived parameters from peripheral recordings. The impact of obesity on vascular phenotypes was also analyzed. A total of 501 whites from 8 to 18 years of age were included. The subjects were divided ...

Antiangiogenesis therapy has become a vital part of the armamentarium against cancer. Hypertension is a dose-limiting toxicity for VEGF inhibitors. Thus, there is a pressing need to address the associated adverse events so these agents can be better used. The hypertension may be mediated by reduced NO bioavailability resulting from ...

Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1), a cytokine belonging to the interleukin 6 family, is increased in hypertension and in heart failure. We aimed to study the precise role of CT-1 on cardiac, vascular, and renal function; morphology; and remodeling in early stages without hypertension. CT-1 (20 μg/kg per day) or vehicle was ...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction may complicate the implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). We examined whether inhaled vasodilators can sufficiently reduce RV afterload, avoiding the need for temporary RV mechanical support. METHODS: The study includes 7 patients with RV dysfunction after LVAD insertion. Treatment ...